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Lin TP, Chen PC, Lin CY, Wang BJ, Kuo YY, Yeh CC, Tseng JC, Huo C, Kao CL, Shih LJ, Chen JK, Li CY, Hour TC, Chuu CP. Prostate cancer cells elevate glycolysis and G6PD in response to caffeic acid phenethyl ester-induced growth inhibition. BMC Cancer 2025; 25:95. [PMID: 39819475 PMCID: PMC11737093 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-025-13477-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2025] [Indexed: 01/19/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is the main bioactive component of poplar type propolis. We previously reported that treatment with caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) suppressed the cell proliferation, tumor growth, as well as migration and invasion of prostate cancer (PCa) cells via inhibition of signaling pathways of AKT, c-Myc, Wnt and EGFR. We also demonstrated that combined treatment of CAPE and docetaxel altered the genes involved in glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. We therefore suspect that CAPE treatment may interfere glucose metabolism in PCa cells. METHODS Seahorse Bioenergetics platform was applied to analyzed the extra cellular acidification rate (ECAR) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of PCa cells under CAPE treatment. UPLC-MSMS with Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM), PCR, and western blot were used to analyze the effects of CAPE on metabolites, genes, and proteins involved in glycolysis, TCA cycle and pentose phosphate pathway in PCa cells. Flow cytometry and ELISA were used to determine the level of reactive oxygen species in PCa cells being treated with CAPE. RESULTS Seahorse Bioenergetics analysis revealed that ECAR, glycolysis, OCR, and ATP production were elevated in C4-2B cells under CAPE treatment. Protein levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD), glutaminase (GLS), phospho-AMPK Thr172 as well as abundance of pyruvate, lactate, ribulose-5-phosphate, and sedoheptulose-7-phosphate were increased in CAPE-treated C4-2B cells. ROS level decreased 48 h after treatment with CAPE. Co-treatment of AMPK inhibitor with CAPE exhibited additive growth inhibition on PCa cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that PCa cells attempted to overcome the CAPE-induced stress by upregulation of glycolysis and G6PD but failed to impede the growth inhibition caused by CAPE. Concurrent treatment of CAPE and inhibitors targeting glycolysis may be effective therapy for advanced PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ping Lin
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City, 30010, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei City, 11217, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chun Chen
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Lin
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Juan Wang
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Yu Kuo
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chih Yeh
- Department of Education and Medical Research, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan City, 325208, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, 114202, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Chih Tseng
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
- Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chieh Huo
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Li Kao
- Division of Urology, Departments of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, 114202, Taiwan
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan City, 325208, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jane Shih
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, 114202, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, 114202, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Kun Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tzyh-Chyuan Hour
- Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Pin Chuu
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan.
- PhD Program for Aging, China Medical University, Taichung City, 40402, Taiwan.
- Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City, 40227, Taiwan.
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan City, 32031, Taiwan.
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Azhar HMF, Saeed MT, Jabeen I. Dynamics simulations of hypoxia inducible factor-1 regulatory network in cancer using formal verification techniques. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1386930. [PMID: 39606028 PMCID: PMC11599740 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1386930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 10/28/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) regulates cell growth, protein translation, metabolic pathways and therefore, has been advocated as a promising biological target for the therapeutic interventions against cancer. In general, hyperactivation of HIF-1 in cancer has been associated with increases in the expression of glucose transporter type-1 (GLUT-1) thus, enhancing glucose consumption and hyperactivating metabolic pathways. The collective behavior of GLUT-1 along with previously known key players AKT, OGT, and VEGF is not fully characterized and lacks clarity of how glucose uptake through this pathway (HIF-1) probes the cancer progression. This study uses a Rene Thomas qualitative modeling framework to comprehend the signaling dynamics of HIF-1 and its interlinked proteins, including VEGF, ERK, AKT, GLUT-1, β-catenin, C-MYC, OGT, and p53 to elucidate the regulatory mechanistic of HIF-1 in cancer. Our dynamic model reveals that continuous activation of p53, β-catenin, and AKT in cyclic conditions, leads to oscillations representing homeostasis or a stable recovery state. Any deviation from this cycle results in a cancerous or pathogenic state. The model shows that overexpression of VEGF activates ERK and GLUT-1, leads to more aggressive tumor growth in a cancerous state. Moreover, it is observed that collective modulation of VEGF, ERK, and β-catenin is required for therapeutic intervention because these genes enhance the expression of GLUT-1 and play a significant role in cancer progression and angiogenesis. Additionally, SimBiology simulation unveils dynamic molecular interactions, emphasizing the need for targeted therapeutics to effectively regulate VEGF and ERK concentrations to modulate cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ishrat Jabeen
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering and Sciences (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
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3
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Vásquez Martínez IP, Pérez-Campos E, Pérez-Campos Mayoral L, Cruz Luis HI, Pina Canseco MDS, Zenteno E, Bazán Salinas IL, Martínez Cruz M, Pérez-Campos Mayoral E, Hernández-Huerta MT. O-GlcNAcylation: Crosstalk between Hemostasis, Inflammation, and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9896. [PMID: 39337387 PMCID: PMC11432004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc, O-GlcNAcylation) is a post-translational modification of serine/threonine residues of proteins. Alterations in O-GlcNAcylation have been implicated in several types of cancer, regulation of tumor progression, inflammation, and thrombosis through its interaction with signaling pathways. We aim to explore the relationship between O-GlcNAcylation and hemostasis, inflammation, and cancer, which could serve as potential prognostic tools or clinical predictions for cancer patients' healthcare and as an approach to combat cancer. We found that cancer is characterized by high glucose demand and consumption, a chronic inflammatory state, a state of hypercoagulability, and platelet hyperaggregability that favors thrombosis; the latter is a major cause of death in these patients. Furthermore, we review transcription factors and pathways associated with O-GlcNAcylation, thrombosis, inflammation, and cancer, such as the PI3K/Akt/c-Myc pathway, the nuclear factor kappa B pathway, and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. We also review infectious agents associated with cancer and chronic inflammation and potential inhibitors of cancer cell development. We conclude that it is necessary to approach both the diagnosis and treatment of cancer as a network in which multiple signaling pathways are integrated, and to search for a combination of potential drugs that regulate this signaling network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzel Patricia Vásquez Martínez
- UNAM-UABJO Faculty of Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University “Benito Juarez” of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico; (I.P.V.M.); (L.P.-C.M.); (H.I.C.L.); (M.d.S.P.C.); (I.L.B.S.); (E.P.-C.M.)
| | - Eduardo Pérez-Campos
- National Institute of Technology of Mexico, Technological Institute of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68033, Mexico; (E.P.-C.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Laura Pérez-Campos Mayoral
- UNAM-UABJO Faculty of Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University “Benito Juarez” of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico; (I.P.V.M.); (L.P.-C.M.); (H.I.C.L.); (M.d.S.P.C.); (I.L.B.S.); (E.P.-C.M.)
| | - Holanda Isabel Cruz Luis
- UNAM-UABJO Faculty of Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University “Benito Juarez” of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico; (I.P.V.M.); (L.P.-C.M.); (H.I.C.L.); (M.d.S.P.C.); (I.L.B.S.); (E.P.-C.M.)
| | - María del Socorro Pina Canseco
- UNAM-UABJO Faculty of Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University “Benito Juarez” of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico; (I.P.V.M.); (L.P.-C.M.); (H.I.C.L.); (M.d.S.P.C.); (I.L.B.S.); (E.P.-C.M.)
| | - Edgar Zenteno
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Irma Leticia Bazán Salinas
- UNAM-UABJO Faculty of Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University “Benito Juarez” of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico; (I.P.V.M.); (L.P.-C.M.); (H.I.C.L.); (M.d.S.P.C.); (I.L.B.S.); (E.P.-C.M.)
| | - Margarito Martínez Cruz
- National Institute of Technology of Mexico, Technological Institute of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68033, Mexico; (E.P.-C.); (M.M.C.)
| | - Eduardo Pérez-Campos Mayoral
- UNAM-UABJO Faculty of Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University “Benito Juarez” of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico; (I.P.V.M.); (L.P.-C.M.); (H.I.C.L.); (M.d.S.P.C.); (I.L.B.S.); (E.P.-C.M.)
| | - María Teresa Hernández-Huerta
- National Council of Humanities, Sciences and Technologies (CONAHCYT), Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University “Benito Juarez” of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68120, Mexico
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He M, Zhou X, Wang X. Glycosylation: mechanisms, biological functions and clinical implications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:194. [PMID: 39098853 PMCID: PMC11298558 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01886-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein post-translational modification (PTM) is a covalent process that occurs in proteins during or after translation through the addition or removal of one or more functional groups, and has a profound effect on protein function. Glycosylation is one of the most common PTMs, in which polysaccharides are transferred to specific amino acid residues in proteins by glycosyltransferases. A growing body of evidence suggests that glycosylation is essential for the unfolding of various functional activities in organisms, such as playing a key role in the regulation of protein function, cell adhesion and immune escape. Aberrant glycosylation is also closely associated with the development of various diseases. Abnormal glycosylation patterns are closely linked to the emergence of various health conditions, including cancer, inflammation, autoimmune disorders, and several other diseases. However, the underlying composition and structure of the glycosylated residues have not been determined. It is imperative to fully understand the internal structure and differential expression of glycosylation, and to incorporate advanced detection technologies to keep the knowledge advancing. Investigations on the clinical applications of glycosylation focused on sensitive and promising biomarkers, development of more effective small molecule targeted drugs and emerging vaccines. These studies provide a new area for novel therapeutic strategies based on glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan He
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China
| | - Xiangxiang Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 251006, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 251006, China.
- Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
- Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong, 250021, China.
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Yadav DK, Chang AC, Grooms NWF, Chung SH, Gabel CV. O-GlcNAc signaling increases neuron regeneration through one-carbon metabolism in Caenorhabditis elegans. eLife 2024; 13:e86478. [PMID: 38334260 PMCID: PMC10857789 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular metabolism plays an essential role in the regrowth and regeneration of a neuron following physical injury. Yet, our knowledge of the specific metabolic pathways that are beneficial to neuron regeneration remains sparse. Previously, we have shown that modulation of O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) signaling, a ubiquitous post-translational modification that acts as a cellular nutrient sensor, can significantly enhance in vivo neuron regeneration. Here, we define the specific metabolic pathway by which O-GlcNAc transferase (ogt-1) loss of function mediates increased regenerative outgrowth. Performing in vivo laser axotomy and measuring subsequent regeneration of individual neurons in C. elegans, we find that glycolysis, serine synthesis pathway (SSP), one-carbon metabolism (OCM), and the downstream transsulfuration metabolic pathway (TSP) are all essential in this process. The regenerative effects of ogt-1 mutation are abrogated by genetic and/or pharmacological disruption of OCM and the SSP linking OCM to glycolysis. Testing downstream branches of this pathway, we find that enhanced regeneration is dependent only on the vitamin B12 independent shunt pathway. These results are further supported by RNA sequencing that reveals dramatic transcriptional changes by the ogt-1 mutation, in the genes involved in glycolysis, OCM, TSP, and ATP metabolism. Strikingly, the beneficial effects of the ogt-1 mutation can be recapitulated by simple metabolic supplementation of the OCM metabolite methionine in wild-type animals. Taken together, these data unearth the metabolic pathways involved in the increased regenerative capacity of a damaged neuron in ogt-1 animals and highlight the therapeutic possibilities of OCM and its related pathways in the treatment of neuronal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
| | - Andrew C Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
| | - Noa WF Grooms
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern UniversityBostonUnited States
| | - Samuel H Chung
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern UniversityBostonUnited States
| | - Christopher V Gabel
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Biophysics, Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
- Neurophotonics Center, Boston UniversityBostonUnited States
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6
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He X, Wu N, Li R, Zhang H, Zhao Y, Nie Y, Wu J. IDH2, a novel target of OGT, facilitates glucose uptake and cellular bioenergy production via NF-κB signaling to promote colorectal cancer progression. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2023; 46:145-164. [PMID: 36401762 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-022-00740-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) mutations have been the hotspots in recent anticancer studies, the impact of wild-type IDH2 on cancer cell growth and metabolic alterations is still elusive. METHODS IDH2 expression in CRC tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, and the correlation between the expression level and the patient's survival rate was analyzed. Cell functional assays included CCK8 and colony formation for cell proliferation in vitro and ectopic xenograft as in vivo experimental model for tumor progression. A targeted metabolomic procedure was performed by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry to profile the metabolites from glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Mitochondrial function was assessed by measuring cellular oxygen consumption (OCR) and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ). Confocal microscope analysis and Western blotting were applied to detect the expression of GLUT1 and NF-κB signaling. O-GlcNAcylation and the interaction of IDH2 with OGT were confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation, followed by Western blotting analysis. RESULTS IDH2 protein was highly expressed in CRC tissues, and correlated with poor survival of CRC patients. Wild-type IDH2 promoted CRC cell growth in vitro and tumor progression in xenograft mice. Overexpression of wild-type IDH2 significantly increased glycolysis and TCA cycle metabolites, the ratios of NADH/NAD+ and ATP/ADP, OCR and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ) in CRC cells. Furthermore, α-KG activated NF-κB signaling to promote glucose uptake by upregulating GLUT1. Interesting, O-GlcNAcylation enhanced the protein half-time of IDH2 by inhibiting ubiquitin-mediated proteasome degradation. The O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT)-IDH2 axis promoted CRC progression. CONCLUSION Wild-type IDH2 reprogrammed glucose metabolism and bioenergetic production via the NF-κB signaling pathway to promote CRC development and progression. O-GlcNAcylation of IDH2 elevated the stability of IDH2 protein. And the axis of OGT-IDH2 played an essential promotive role in tumor progression, suggesting a novel potential therapeutic strategy in CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli He
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Instrument for Life Science, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Renlong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haohao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Shaanxi, Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, 229 TaiBai North Road, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jing Wu
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Instrument for Life Science, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China.
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7
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Saeui CT, Shah SR, Fernandez-Gil BI, Zhang C, Agatemor C, Dammen-Brower K, Mathew MP, Buettner M, Gowda P, Khare P, Otamendi-Lopez A, Yang S, Zhang H, Le A, Quinoñes-Hinojosa A, Yarema KJ. Anticancer Properties of Hexosamine Analogs Designed to Attenuate Metabolic Flux through the Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:151-165. [PMID: 36626752 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Altered cellular metabolism is a hallmark of cancer pathogenesis and progression; for example, a near-universal feature of cancer is increased metabolic flux through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). This pathway produces uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc), a potent oncometabolite that drives multiple facets of cancer progression. In this study, we synthesized and evaluated peracetylated hexosamine analogs designed to reduce flux through the HBP. By screening a panel of analogs in pancreatic cancer and glioblastoma multiform (GBM) cells, we identified Ac4Glc2Bz─a benzyl-modified GlcNAc mimetic─as an antiproliferative cancer drug candidate that down-regulated oncogenic metabolites and reduced GBM cell motility at concentrations non-toxic to non-neoplastic cells. More specifically, the growth inhibitory effects of Ac4Glc2Bz were linked to reduced levels of UDP-GlcNAc and concomitant decreases in protein O-GlcNAc modification in both pancreatic cancer and GBM cells. Targeted metabolomics analysis in GBM cells showed that Ac4Glc2Bz disturbed glucose metabolism, amino acid pools, and nucleotide precursor biosynthesis, consistent with reduced proliferation and other anti-oncogenic properties of this analog. Furthermore, Ac4Glc2Bz reduced the invasion, migration, and stemness of GBM cells. Importantly, normal metabolic functions mediated by UDP-GlcNAc were not disrupted in non-neoplastic cells, including maintenance of endogenous levels of O-GlcNAcylation with no global disruption of N-glycan production. Finally, a pilot in vivo study showed that a potential therapeutic window exists where animals tolerated 5- to 10-fold higher levels of Ac4Glc2Bz than projected for in vivo efficacy. Together, these results establish GlcNAc analogs targeting the HBP through salvage mechanisms as a new therapeutic approach to safely normalize an important facet of aberrant glucose metabolism associated with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T Saeui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and The Translational Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins University and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - Sagar R Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and The Translational Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins University and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | | | - Cissy Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Christian Agatemor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and The Translational Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins University and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - Kris Dammen-Brower
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and The Translational Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins University and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - Mohit P Mathew
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and The Translational Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins University and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - Matthew Buettner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and The Translational Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins University and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - Prateek Gowda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and The Translational Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins University and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
| | - Pratik Khare
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | | | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, United States
| | - Anne Le
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | | | - Kevin J Yarema
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and The Translational Tissue Engineering Center, The Johns Hopkins University and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, United States
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8
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Luanpitpong S, Janan M, Yosudjai J, Poohadsuan J, Chanvorachote P, Issaragrisil S. Bcl-2 Family Members Bcl-xL and Bax Cooperatively Contribute to Bortezomib Resistance in Mantle Cell Lymphoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214474. [PMID: 36430955 PMCID: PMC9695253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma with poor prognosis, due to the inevitable development of drug resistance. Despite being the first-in-class proteasome inhibitor for relapsed/refractory MCL, resistance to bortezomib (BTZ) in MCL patients remains a major hurdle of effective therapy, and relapse following BTZ is frequent. Understanding the mechanisms underlying BTZ resistance is, therefore, important for improving the clinical outcome and developing novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we established de novo BTZ-resistant human MCL-derived cells with the highest resistance index of 300-fold compared to parental cells. We provided compelling evidence that both Bcl-xL and Bax are key mediators in determining BTZ sensitivity in MCL cells. Overexpression of antiapoptotic Bcl-xL and depletion of proapoptotic Bax cooperatively protected MCL cells against BTZ-induced apoptosis, causing acquired BTZ resistance, likely by tilting the balance of Bcl-2 family proteins toward antiapoptotic signaling. Bioinformatics analyses suggested that high BCL2L1 (encoded Bcl-xL) and low BAX were, in part, associated with poor prognosis of MCL patients, e.g., when combined with low OGT, which regulates cellular O-GlcNAcylation. Our findings support recent strategies in small molecule drug discovery co-targeting antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins using BH3 mimetics and Bax using Bax activators to overcome cancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudjit Luanpitpong
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
- Correspondence:
| | - Montira Janan
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Juthamas Yosudjai
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Jirarat Poohadsuan
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Pithi Chanvorachote
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Cell-Based Drug and Health Product Development Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Surapol Issaragrisil
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
- Bangkok Hematology Center, Wattanosoth Hospital, BDMS Center of Excellence for Cancer, Bangkok 10310, Thailand
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9
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Hu CW, Xie J, Jiang J. The Emerging Roles of Protein Interactions with O-GlcNAc Cycling Enzymes in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5135. [PMID: 36291918 PMCID: PMC9600386 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamic O-GlcNAc modification of intracellular proteins is an important nutrient sensor for integrating metabolic signals into vast networks of highly coordinated cellular activities. Dysregulation of the sole enzymes responsible for O-GlcNAc cycling, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), and the associated cellular O-GlcNAc profile is a common feature across nearly every cancer type. Many studies have investigated the effects of aberrant OGT/OGA expression on global O-GlcNAcylation activity in cancer cells. However, recent studies have begun to elucidate the roles of protein-protein interactions (PPIs), potentially through regions outside of the immediate catalytic site of OGT/OGA, that regulate greater protein networks to facilitate substrate-specific modification, protein translocalization, and the assembly of larger biomolecular complexes. Perturbation of OGT/OGA PPI networks makes profound changes in the cell and may directly contribute to cancer malignancies. Herein, we highlight recent studies on the structural features of OGT and OGA, as well as the emerging roles and molecular mechanisms of their aberrant PPIs in rewiring cancer networks. By integrating complementary approaches, the research in this area will aid in the identification of key protein contacts and functional modules derived from OGT/OGA that drive oncogenesis and will illuminate new directions for anti-cancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jiaoyang Jiang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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10
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Osteoblasts induce glucose-derived ATP perturbations in chondrocytes through noncontact communication. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:625-636. [PMID: 35593470 PMCID: PMC9828329 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage and subchondral bone communicate with each other through material and signal exchanges. However, direct evidence provided by experimental studies on their interactions is insufficient. In the present study, we establish a noncontact co-culture model with a transwell chamber to explore the energetic perturbations in chondrocytes influenced by osteoblasts. Our results indicate that osteoblasts induce more ATP generation in chondrocytes through an energetic shift characterized by enhanced glycolysis and impaired mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle. Enhanced glycolysis is shown by an increase of secreted lactate and the upregulation of glycolytic enzymes, including glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (Gpi), liver type ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase (Pfkl), fructose-bisphosphate aldolase C (Aldoc), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Gapdh), triosephosphate isomerase (Tpi1), and phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (Pgk1). Impaired mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle is characterized by the downregulation of cytoplasmic aspartate aminotransferase (Got1) and mitochondrial citrate synthase (Cs). Osteoblasts induce the activation of Akt and P38 signaling to mediate ATP perturbations in chondrocytes. This study may deepen our understanding of the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis in the bone-cartilage unit.
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11
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Robarts DR, McGreal SR, Umbaugh DS, Parkes WS, Kotulkar M, Abernathy S, Lee N, Jaeschke H, Gunewardena S, Whelan SA, Hanover JA, Zachara NE, Slawson C, Apte U. Regulation of Liver Regeneration by Hepatocyte O-GlcNAcylation in Mice. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 13:1510-1529. [PMID: 35093590 PMCID: PMC9043307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The liver has a unique capacity to regenerate after injury in a highly orchestrated and regulated manner. Here, we report that O-GlcNAcylation, an intracellular post-translational modification regulated by 2 enzymes, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), is a critical termination signal for liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy (PHX). METHODS We studied liver regeneration after PHX on hepatocyte specific OGT and OGA knockout mice (OGT-KO and OGA-KO), which caused a significant decrease (OGT-KO) and increase (OGA-KO) in hepatic O-GlcNAcylation, respectively. RESULTS OGA-KO mice had normal regeneration, but the OGT-KO mice exhibited substantial defects in termination of liver regeneration with increased liver injury, sustained cell proliferation resulting in significant hepatomegaly, hepatic dysplasia, and appearance of small nodules at 28 days after PHX. This was accompanied by a sustained increase in expression of cyclins along with significant induction in pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic gene expression in the OGT-KO livers. RNA-sequencing studies revealed inactivation of hepatocyte nuclear 4 alpha (HNF4α), the master regulator of hepatic differentiation and a known termination signal, in OGT-KO mice at 28 days after PHX, which was confirmed by both Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis. Furthermore, a significant decrease in HNFα target genes was observed in OGT-KO mice, indicating a lack of hepatocyte differentiation following decreased hepatic O-GlcNAcylation. Immunoprecipitation experiments revealed HNF4α is O-GlcNAcylated in normal differentiated hepatocytes. CONCLUSIONS These studies show that O-GlcNAcylation plays a critical role in the termination of liver regeneration via regulation of HNF4α in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakota R Robarts
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Steven R McGreal
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - David S Umbaugh
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Wendena S Parkes
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Manasi Kotulkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Sarah Abernathy
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Norman Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hartmut Jaeschke
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Kansas City, Kansas
| | | | - Stephen A Whelan
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John A Hanover
- Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Natasha E Zachara
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chad Slawson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Udayan Apte
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, Kansas City, Kansas.
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12
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Tvaroška I. Glycosyltransferases as targets for therapeutic intervention in cancer and inflammation: molecular modeling insights. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-02026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Liu X, Chen X, Xiao M, Zhu Y, Gong R, Liu J, Zeng Q, Xu C, Chen X, Wang F, Cao K. RANBP2 Activates O-GlcNAcylation through Inducing CEBPα-Dependent OGA Downregulation to Promote Hepatocellular Carcinoma Malignant Phenotypes. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3475. [PMID: 34298689 PMCID: PMC8304650 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is an important post-translational modification (PTM) jointly controlled by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Aberrant hyper-O-GlcNAcylation is reported to yield hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) malignancy, but the underlying mechanisms of the OGT/OGA imbalance responsible for HCC tumorigenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we report that RAN-binding protein 2 (RANBP2), one of the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) E3 ligases, contributed to malignant phenotypes in HCC. RANBP2 was found to facilitate CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBPα) SUMOylation and degradation by direct interplay with CEBPα. As a transcriptional factor, CEBPα was verified to augment OGA transcription, and further experiments demonstrated that RANBP2 enhanced the O-GlcNAc level by downregulating OGA transcription while not affecting OGT expression. Importantly, we provided in vitro and in vivo evidence of HCC malignant phenotypes that RANBP2 triggered through an imbalance of OGT/OGA and subsequent higher O-GlcNAcylation events for oncogenic proteins such as peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α) in a CEBPα-dependent manner. Altogether, our results show a novel molecular mechanism whereby RANBP2 regulates its function through CEBPα-dependent OGA downregulation to induce a global change in the hyper-O-GlcNAcylation of genes, such as PGC1α, encouraging the further study of promising implications for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (X.L.); (X.C.); (M.X.); (Y.Z.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (R.G.); (C.X.); (X.C.); (F.W.)
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (X.L.); (X.C.); (M.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Mengqing Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (X.L.); (X.C.); (M.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuxing Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (X.L.); (X.C.); (M.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Renjie Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (R.G.); (C.X.); (X.C.); (F.W.)
| | - Jianye Liu
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China;
| | - Qinghai Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China;
| | - Canxia Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (R.G.); (C.X.); (X.C.); (F.W.)
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (R.G.); (C.X.); (X.C.); (F.W.)
| | - Fen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (R.G.); (C.X.); (X.C.); (F.W.)
| | - Ke Cao
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; (X.L.); (X.C.); (M.X.); (Y.Z.)
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14
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Mitochondrial O-GlcNAc Transferase Interacts with and Modifies Many Proteins and Its Up-Regulation Affects Mitochondrial Function and Cellular Energy Homeostasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13122956. [PMID: 34204801 PMCID: PMC8231590 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13122956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a cell glucose sensor. The addition of O-GlcNAc moieties to target protein is catalyzed by the O-Linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT). OGT is encoded by a single gene that yields differentially spliced OGT isoforms. One of them is targeted to mitochondria (mOGT). Although the impact of O-GlcNAcylation on cancer cells biology is well documented, mOGT's role remains poorly investigated. We performed studies using breast cancer cells with up-regulated mOGT or its catalytic inactive mutant to identify proteins specifically modified by mOGT. Proteomic approaches included isolation of mOGT protein partners and O-GlcNAcylated proteins from mitochondria-enriched fraction followed by their analysis by mass spectrometry. Moreover, we analyzed the impact of mOGT dysregulation on mitochondrial activity and cellular metabolism using a variety of biochemical assays. We found that mitochondrial OGT expression is glucose-dependent. Elevated mOGT expression affected the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and increased intramitochondrial ROS generation. Moreover, mOGT up-regulation caused a decrease in cellular ATP level. We identified many mitochondrial proteins as mOGT substrates. Most of these proteins are localized in the mitochondrial matrix and the inner mitochondrial membrane and participate in mitochondrial respiration, fatty acid metabolism, transport, translation, apoptosis, and mtDNA processes. Our findings suggest that mOGT interacts with and modifies many mitochondrial proteins, and its dysregulation affects cellular bioenergetics and mitochondria function.
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15
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The Role of Glycosyltransferases in Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115822. [PMID: 34070747 PMCID: PMC8198577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the main causes of cancer death in the world. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) have been extensively studied in malignancies due to its relevance in tumor pathogenesis and therapy. This review is focused on the dysregulation of glycosyltransferase expression in CRC and its impact in cell function and in several biological pathways associated with CRC pathogenesis, prognosis and therapeutic approaches. Glycan structures act as interface molecules between cells and their environment and in several cases facilitate molecule function. CRC tissue shows alterations in glycan structures decorating molecules, such as annexin-1, mucins, heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), β1 integrin, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) receptors, Fas (CD95), PD-L1, decorin, sorbin and SH3 domain-containing protein 1 (SORBS1), CD147 and glycosphingolipids. All of these are described as key molecules in oncogenesis and metastasis. Therefore, glycosylation in CRC can affect cell migration, cell–cell adhesion, actin polymerization, mitosis, cell membrane repair, apoptosis, cell differentiation, stemness regulation, intestinal mucosal barrier integrity, immune system regulation, T cell polarization and gut microbiota composition; all such functions are associated with the prognosis and evolution of the disease. According to these findings, multiple strategies have been evaluated to alter oligosaccharide processing and to modify glycoconjugate structures in order to control CRC progression and prevent metastasis. Additionally, immunotherapy approaches have contemplated the use of neo-antigens, generated by altered glycosylation, as targets for tumor-specific T cells or engineered CAR (Chimeric antigen receptors) T cells.
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16
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Zhang H, Li Z, Wang Y, Kong Y. O-GlcNAcylation is a key regulator of multiple cellular metabolic pathways. PeerJ 2021. [DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation modifies proteins in serine or threonine residues in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria. It regulates a variety of cellular biological processes and abnormal O-GlcNAcylation is associated with diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent evidence has suggested that O-GlcNAcylation acts as a nutrient sensor and signal integrator to regulate metabolic signaling, and that dysregulation of its metabolism may be an important indicator of pathogenesis in disease. Here, we review the literature focusing on O-GlcNAcylation regulation in major metabolic processes, such as glucose metabolism, mitochondrial oxidation, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. We discuss its role in physiological processes, such as cellular nutrient sensing and homeostasis maintenance. O-GlcNAcylation acts as a key regulator in multiple metabolic processes and pathways. Our review will provide a better understanding of how O-GlcNAcylation coordinates metabolism and integrates molecular networks.
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17
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lncRNA GAS6-AS1 inhibits progression and glucose metabolism reprogramming in LUAD via repressing E2F1-mediated transcription of GLUT1. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 25:11-24. [PMID: 34141461 PMCID: PMC8181633 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glucose metabolism reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells, although functional and regulatory mechanisms of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in the contribution of glucose metabolism in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to uncover the role of GAS6-AS1 in the regulation of progression and glucose metabolism in LUAD. We discovered that overexpression of GAS6-AS1 suppressed tumor progression of LUAD both in vitro and in vivo. Metabolism-related assays revealed that GAS6-AS1 inhibited glucose metabolism reprogramming. Mechanically, GAS6-AS1 was found to repress the expression of glucose transporter GLUT1, a key regulator of glucose metabolism. Ectopic expression of GLUT1 restored the inhibition effect of GAS6-AS1 on cancer progression and glucose metabolism reprogramming. Further investigation identified that GAS6-AS1 directly interacted with transcription factor E2F1 and suppressed E2F1-mediated transcription of GLUT1, and GAS6-AS1 was downregulated in LUAD tissues and correlated with clinicopathological characteristics and survival of patients. Taken together, our results identified GAS6-AS1 as a novel tumor suppressor in LUAD and unraveled its underlying molecular mechanism in reprogramming glucose metabolism. GAS6-AS1 potentially may serve as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in LUAD.
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18
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Xiang J, Chen C, Liu R, Gou D, Chang L, Deng H, Gao Q, Zhang W, Tuo L, Pan X, Liang L, Xia J, Huang L, Yao K, Wang B, Hu Z, Huang A, Wang K, Tang N. Gluconeogenic enzyme PCK1 deficiency promotes CHK2 O-GlcNAcylation and hepatocellular carcinoma growth upon glucose deprivation. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:144703. [PMID: 33690219 DOI: 10.1172/jci144703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although cancer cells are frequently faced with a nutrient- and oxygen-poor microenvironment, elevated hexosamine-biosynthesis pathway (HBP) activity and protein O-GlcNAcylation (a nutrient sensor) contribute to rapid growth of tumor and are emerging hallmarks of cancer. Inhibiting O-GlcNAcylation could be a promising anticancer strategy. The gluconeogenic enzyme phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1) is downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, little is known about the potential role of PCK1 in enhanced HBP activity and HCC carcinogenesis under glucose-limited conditions. In this study, PCK1 knockout markedly enhanced the global O-GlcNAcylation levels under low-glucose conditions. Mechanistically, metabolic reprogramming in PCK1-loss hepatoma cells led to oxaloacetate accumulation and increased de novo uridine triphosphate synthesis contributing to uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) biosynthesis. Meanwhile, deletion of PCK1 also resulted in AMPK-GFAT1 axis inactivation, promoting UDP-GlcNAc synthesis for elevated O-GlcNAcylation. Notably, lower expression of PCK1 promoted CHK2 threonine 378 O-GlcNAcylation, counteracting its stability and dimer formation, increasing CHK2-dependent Rb phosphorylation and HCC cell proliferation. Moreover, aminooxyacetic acid hemihydrochloride and 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine blocked HBP-mediated O-GlcNAcylation and suppressed tumor progression in liver-specific Pck1-knockout mice. We reveal a link between PCK1 depletion and hyper-O-GlcNAcylation that underlies HCC oncogenesis and suggest therapeutic targets for HCC that act by inhibiting O-GlcNAcylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, and
| | - Chang Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, and
| | - Dongmei Gou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, and
| | - Lei Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Haijun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, and
| | - Qingzhu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, and
| | - Wanjun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Tuo
- Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuanming Pan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, and
| | - Li Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, and
| | - Jie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, and
| | - Luyi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, and
| | - Ke Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bohong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zeping Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ailong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, and
| | - Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, and
| | - Ni Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Institute for Viral Hepatitis, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, and
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19
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Annese VF, Patil SB, Hu C, Giagkoulovits C, Al-Rawhani MA, Grant J, Macleod M, Clayton DJ, Heaney LM, Daly R, Accarino C, Shah YD, Cheah BC, Beeley J, Evans TRJ, Jones R, Barrett MP, Cumming DRS. A monolithic single-chip point-of-care platform for metabolomic prostate cancer detection. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2021; 7:21. [PMID: 34567735 PMCID: PMC8433377 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-021-00243-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
There is a global unmet need for rapid and cost-effective prognostic and diagnostic tools that can be used at the bedside or in the doctor's office to reduce the impact of serious disease. Many cancers are diagnosed late, leading to costly treatment and reduced life expectancy. With prostate cancer, the absence of a reliable test has inhibited the adoption of screening programs. We report a microelectronic point-of-care metabolite biomarker measurement platform and use it for prostate cancer detection. The platform, using an array of photodetectors configured to operate with targeted, multiplexed, colorimetric assays confined in monolithically integrated passive microfluidic channels, completes a combined assay of 4 metabolites in a drop of human plasma in under 2 min. A preliminary clinical study using l-amino acids, glutamate, choline, and sarcosine was used to train a cross-validated random forest algorithm. The system demonstrated sensitivity to prostate cancer of 94% with a specificity of 70% and an area under the curve of 0.78. The technology can implement many similar assay panels and hence has the potential to revolutionize low-cost, rapid, point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio F. Annese
- Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - Samadhan B. Patil
- Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - Chunxiao Hu
- Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - Christos Giagkoulovits
- Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - Mohammed A. Al-Rawhani
- Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - James Grant
- Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - Martin Macleod
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, G12 0YN UK
| | - David J. Clayton
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG11 8NF UK
| | - Liam M. Heaney
- School of Sport, Exercise & Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU UK
| | - Ronan Daly
- Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
| | - Claudio Accarino
- Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - Yash D. Shah
- Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - Boon C. Cheah
- Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - James Beeley
- Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
| | - Thomas R. Jeffry Evans
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 0YN UK
| | - Robert Jones
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 0YN UK
| | - Michael P. Barrett
- Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1BD UK
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA UK
| | - David R. S. Cumming
- Electronics and Nanoscale Engineering, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ UK
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20
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Luanpitpong S, Poohadsuan J, Klaihmon P, Kang X, Tangkiettrakul K, Issaragrisil S. Metabolic sensor O-GlcNAcylation regulates megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis through c-Myc stabilization and integrin perturbation. STEM CELLS (DAYTON, OHIO) 2021; 39:787-802. [PMID: 33544938 PMCID: PMC8248081 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic state of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is an important regulator of self‐renewal and lineage‐specific differentiation. Posttranslational modification of proteins via O‐GlcNAcylation is an ideal metabolic sensor, but how it contributes to megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis remains unknown. Here, we reveal for the first time that cellular O‐GlcNAcylation levels decline along the course of megakaryocyte (MK) differentiation from human‐derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Inhibition of O‐GlcNAc transferase (OGT) that catalyzes O‐GlcNAcylation prolongedly decreases O‐GlcNAcylation and induces the acquisition of CD34+CD41a+ MK‐like progenitors and its progeny CD34−CD41a+/CD42b+ megakaryoblasts (MBs)/MKs from HSPCs, consequently resulting in increased CD41a+ and CD42b+ platelets. Using correlation and co‐immunoprecipitation analyses, we further identify c‐Myc as a direct downstream target of O‐GlcNAcylation in MBs/MKs and provide compelling evidence on the regulation of platelets by novel O‐GlcNAc/c‐Myc axis. Our data indicate that O‐GlcNAcylation posttranslationally regulates c‐Myc stability by interfering with its ubiquitin‐mediated proteasomal degradation. Depletion of c‐Myc upon inhibition of OGT promotes platelet formation in part through the perturbation of cell adhesion molecules, that is, integrin‐α4 and integrin‐β7, as advised by gene ontology and enrichment analysis for RNA sequencing and validated herein. Together, our findings provide a novel basic knowledge on the regulatory role of O‐GlcNAcylation in megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis that could be important in understanding hematologic disorders whose etiology are related to impaired platelet production and may have clinical applications toward an ex vivo platelet production for transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudjit Luanpitpong
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jirarat Poohadsuan
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phatchanat Klaihmon
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Xing Kang
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kantpitchar Tangkiettrakul
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Surapol Issaragrisil
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Bangkok Hematology Center, Wattanosoth Hospital, BDMS Center of Excellence for Cancer, Bangkok, Thailand
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21
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Dejos C, Gkika D, Cantelmo AR. The Two-Way Relationship Between Calcium and Metabolism in Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:573747. [PMID: 33282859 PMCID: PMC7691323 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.573747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium ion (Ca2+) signaling is critical to many physiological processes, and its kinetics and subcellular localization are tightly regulated in all cell types. All Ca2+ flux perturbations impact cell function and may contribute to various diseases, including cancer. Several modulators of Ca2+ signaling are attractive pharmacological targets due to their accessibility at the plasma membrane. Despite this, the number of specific inhibitors is still limited, and to date there are no anticancer drugs in the clinic that target Ca2+ signaling. Ca2+ dynamics are impacted, in part, by modifications of cellular metabolic pathways. Conversely, it is well established that Ca2+ regulates cellular bioenergetics by allosterically activating key metabolic enzymes and metabolite shuttles or indirectly by modulating signaling cascades. A coordinated interplay between Ca2+ and metabolism is essential in maintaining cellular homeostasis. In this review, we provide a snapshot of the reciprocal interaction between Ca2+ and metabolism and discuss the potential consequences of this interplay in cancer cells. We highlight the contribution of Ca2+ to the metabolic reprogramming observed in cancer. We also describe how the metabolic adaptation of cancer cells influences this crosstalk to regulate protumorigenic signaling pathways. We suggest that the dual targeting of these processes might provide unprecedented opportunities for anticancer strategies. Interestingly, promising evidence for the synergistic effects of antimetabolites and Ca2+-modulating agents is emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Dejos
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, Lille, France
| | - Dimitra Gkika
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Centre Oscar Lambret, UMR 9020-UMR 1277-Canther-Cancer Heterogeneity, Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies, Lille, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Anna Rita Cantelmo
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, U1003 - PHYCEL - Physiologie Cellulaire, Lille, France
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22
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Woo SY, Lee SY, Yu SL, Park SJ, Kang D, Kim JS, Jeong IB, Kwon SJ, Hwang WJ, Park CR, Son JW. MicroRNA-7-5p's role in the O-GlcNAcylation and cancer metabolism. Noncoding RNA Res 2020; 5:201-207. [PMID: 33251387 PMCID: PMC7677666 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAc Transferase (OGT) is a complementary enzyme that regulates O-linked N-acetylglucosaminylation(O-GlcNAcylation) and plays a critical role in various cancer phenotypes, including invasion, migration, and metabolic reprogramming. In our previous study we found that miR-7-5p was downregulated at lung cancer cells with highly metastatic capacity. In the in-silico approach, OGT is the predicted target of miR-7-5p. To identify miR-7-5p′s role in cell growth and metabolism, we transfected various lung cancer cell lines with miR-7-5p. The expression level of miR-7-5p was confirmed by qRT-PCR in lung cancer cell lines. Western blot assays and qRT-PCR were performed to demonstrate miR-7-5p′s effect. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that OGT is a direct target of miR-7-5p. The binding sites of miR-7-5p in the OGT 3′ UTR were verified by luciferase reporter assay. To investigate the role of miR-7-5p in the cancer metabolism of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, mimic of miR-7-5p was transfected into NSCLC cells, and the effect of miR-7-5p on cancer metabolism was analyzed by LDH assays, glucose uptake, and mitochondrial ATP synthase inhibitor assay. O-GlcNAcylated protein level was determined by Western blot. The role of miR-7-5p in lung cancer growth was measured by MTS assays. To identify the delivery of miR-7-5p via PLGA, an in vitro release assay of PLGA-miR-7-5p was done. miR-7-5p was highly expressed whereas OGT showed low expression in H358, H827. However, miR-7-5p exhibited low expression while OGT had high expression in H522, H460, and H1299 cell lines. OGT were repressed by binding of miR-7a-5p to the 3′-UTR. Overexpression of miR-7-5p also diminished anaerobic glycolysis. miR-181a-5p transfection induced expression levels of OGT were diminished compared to those in the control group. O-GlcNAcylation was suppressed by miR-7-5p. Moreover, the overexpression of miR-7-5a suppressed lung cancer cell growth. miR-7-5p was released via PLGA for up to 10 days. In the present study, inhibition of OGT by miR-7-5p decreased the growth and cancer metabolism of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sin Yung Woo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, South Korea
| | - Su Yel Lee
- Priority Research Center, Myunggok Research Institute, College of Medicine, Konyang University, South Korea
| | - Seong-Lan Yu
- Priority Research Center, Myunggok Research Institute, College of Medicine, Konyang University, South Korea
| | - Se Jin Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, South Korea
| | - Daeun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, South Korea
| | - Jin Suk Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, South Korea
| | - In Beom Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, South Korea
| | - Sun Jung Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, South Korea
| | - Wan Jin Hwang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, South Korea
| | - Chang Ryul Park
- Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - Ji Woong Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, South Korea
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23
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Andrade-Tomaz M, de Souza I, Ribeiro Reily Rocha C, Rodrigues Gomes L. The Role of Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Cell Cycle Control and Its Implications in Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9092140. [PMID: 32971884 PMCID: PMC7565978 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell cycle involves a network of proteins that modulate the sequence and timing of proliferation events. Unregulated proliferation is the most fundamental hallmark of cancer; thus, changes in cell cycle control are at the heart of malignant transformation processes. Several cellular processes can interfere with the cell cycle, including autophagy, the catabolic pathway involved in degradation of intracellular constituents in lysosomes. According to the mechanism used to deliver cargo to the lysosome, autophagy can be classified as macroautophagy (MA), microautophagy (MI), or chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Distinct from other autophagy types, CMA substrates are selectively recognized by a cytosolic chaperone, one-by-one, and then addressed for degradation in lysosomes. The function of MA in cell cycle control, and its influence in cancer progression, are already well-established. However, regulation of the cell cycle by CMA, in the context of tumorigenesis, has not been fully addressed. This review aims to present and debate the molecular mechanisms by which CMA can interfere in the cell cycle, in the context of cancer. Thus, cell cycle modulators, such as MYC, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 subunit alpha (HIF-1α), and checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), regulated by CMA activity will be discussed. Finally, the review will focus on how CMA dysfunction may impact the cell cycle, and as consequence promote tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Andrade-Tomaz
- Departamento de Oncologia Clínica e Experimental, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04037-003, SP, Brazil; (M.A.-T.); (I.d.S.); (C.R.R.R.)
| | - Izadora de Souza
- Departamento de Oncologia Clínica e Experimental, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04037-003, SP, Brazil; (M.A.-T.); (I.d.S.); (C.R.R.R.)
| | - Clarissa Ribeiro Reily Rocha
- Departamento de Oncologia Clínica e Experimental, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04037-003, SP, Brazil; (M.A.-T.); (I.d.S.); (C.R.R.R.)
| | - Luciana Rodrigues Gomes
- Laboratório de Ciclo Celular, Center of Toxins, Immune Response and Cell Signaling (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-001, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-11-2627-3755
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24
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Metformin: Sentinel of the Epigenetic Landscapes That Underlie Cell Fate and Identity. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10050780. [PMID: 32443566 PMCID: PMC7277648 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The biguanide metformin is the first drug to be tested as a gerotherapeutic in the clinical trial TAME (Targeting Aging with Metformin). The current consensus is that metformin exerts indirect pleiotropy on core metabolic hallmarks of aging, such as the insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 and AMP-activated protein kinase/mammalian Target Of Rapamycin signaling pathways, downstream of its primary inhibitory effect on mitochondrial respiratory complex I. Alternatively, but not mutually exclusive, metformin can exert regulatory effects on components of the biologic machinery of aging itself such as chromatin-modifying enzymes. An integrative metabolo-epigenetic outlook supports a new model whereby metformin operates as a guardian of cell identity, capable of retarding cellular aging by preventing the loss of the information-theoretic nature of the epigenome. The ultimate anti-aging mechanism of metformin might involve the global preservation of the epigenome architecture, thereby ensuring cell fate commitment and phenotypic outcomes despite the challenging effects of aging noise. Metformin might therefore inspire the development of new gerotherapeutics capable of preserving the epigenome architecture for cell identity. Such gerotherapeutics should replicate the ability of metformin to halt the erosion of the epigenetic landscape, mitigate the loss of cell fate commitment, delay stochastic/environmental DNA methylation drifts, and alleviate cellular senescence. Yet, it remains a challenge to confirm if regulatory changes in higher-order genomic organizers can connect the capacity of metformin to dynamically regulate the three-dimensional nature of epigenetic landscapes with the 4th dimension, the aging time.
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25
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Monitoring Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Pancreatic Cancer Cells via Investigation of Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Methods Protoc 2020. [PMID: 32349411 DOI: 10.3390/mps3020032.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this protocol, we introduced a method of measuring mitochondrial dysfunction to confirm the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in pancreatic cancer cells under a hypoxic environment. There are many expertized and complicated methods to verify EMT. However, our methods have indicated that EMT can be identified by examining changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and membrane potential in mitochondria. To demonstrate whether the changes in the indicators of mitochondrial dysfunction are correlative to EMT, cell morphology, and expression of E-cadherin and N-cadherin were additionally observed. The results verified that a decrease in membrane potential and an increase in ROS in mitochondria were associated with EMT of pancreatic cancer cells. This protocol would be useful as a basis for providing an additional indicator for changes in the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer cells relating to EMT under a hypoxic environment.
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26
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Sim JJ, Jeong KY. Monitoring Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Pancreatic Cancer Cells via Investigation of Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Methods Protoc 2020; 3:32. [PMID: 32349411 PMCID: PMC7359699 DOI: 10.3390/mps3020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this protocol, we introduced a method of measuring mitochondrial dysfunction to confirm the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in pancreatic cancer cells under a hypoxic environment. There are many expertized and complicated methods to verify EMT. However, our methods have indicated that EMT can be identified by examining changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and membrane potential in mitochondria. To demonstrate whether the changes in the indicators of mitochondrial dysfunction are correlative to EMT, cell morphology, and expression of E-cadherin and N-cadherin were additionally observed. The results verified that a decrease in membrane potential and an increase in ROS in mitochondria were associated with EMT of pancreatic cancer cells. This protocol would be useful as a basis for providing an additional indicator for changes in the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer cells relating to EMT under a hypoxic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keun-Yeong Jeong
- MetiMedi Pharmaceuticals Co., Research Center, Incheon 22006, Korea;
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27
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Maffei B, Laverrière M, Wu Y, Triboulet S, Perrinet S, Duchateau M, Matondo M, Hollis RL, Gourley C, Rupp J, Keillor JW, Subtil A. Infection-driven activation of transglutaminase 2 boosts glucose uptake and hexosamine biosynthesis in epithelial cells. EMBO J 2020; 39:e102166. [PMID: 32134139 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2019102166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a ubiquitously expressed enzyme with transamidating activity. We report here that both expression and activity of TG2 are enhanced in mammalian epithelial cells infected with the obligate intracellular bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of TG2 impairs bacterial development. We show that TG2 increases glucose import by up-regulating the transcription of the glucose transporter genes GLUT-1 and GLUT-3. Furthermore, TG2 activation drives one specific glucose-dependent pathway in the host, i.e., hexosamine biosynthesis. Mechanistically, we identify the glucosamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFPT) among the substrates of TG2. GFPT modification by TG2 increases its enzymatic activity, resulting in higher levels of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine biosynthesis and protein O-GlcNAcylation. The correlation between TG2 transamidating activity and O-GlcNAcylation is disrupted in infected cells because host hexosamine biosynthesis is being exploited by the bacteria, in particular to assist their division. In conclusion, our work establishes TG2 as a key player in controlling glucose-derived metabolic pathways in mammalian cells, themselves hijacked by C. trachomatis to sustain their own metabolic needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Maffei
- Unité de Biologie cellulaire de l'infection microbienne, CNRS UMR3691, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Collège Doctoral, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Marc Laverrière
- Unité de Biologie cellulaire de l'infection microbienne, CNRS UMR3691, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Yongzheng Wu
- Unité de Biologie cellulaire de l'infection microbienne, CNRS UMR3691, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Triboulet
- Unité de Biologie cellulaire de l'infection microbienne, CNRS UMR3691, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Perrinet
- Unité de Biologie cellulaire de l'infection microbienne, CNRS UMR3691, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Magalie Duchateau
- Plateforme Protéomique, Unité de Spectrométrie de Masse pour la Biologie, USR 2000 CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Mariette Matondo
- Plateforme Protéomique, Unité de Spectrométrie de Masse pour la Biologie, USR 2000 CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Robert L Hollis
- Nicola Murray Centre for Ovarian Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Charlie Gourley
- Nicola Murray Centre for Ovarian Cancer Research, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, MRC IGMM, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jan Rupp
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jeffrey W Keillor
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Agathe Subtil
- Unité de Biologie cellulaire de l'infection microbienne, CNRS UMR3691, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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28
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Increased O-GlcNAcylation of c-Myc Promotes Pre-B Cell Proliferation. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010158. [PMID: 31936366 PMCID: PMC7016991 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification regulates the activity of hundreds of nucleocytoplasmic proteins involved in a wide variety of cellular processes, such as gene expression, signaling, and cell growth; however, the mechanism underlying the regulation of B cell development and function by O-GlcNAcylation remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that changes in cellular O-GlcNAc levels significantly affected the growth of pre-B cells, which rapidly proliferate to allow expansion of functional clones that express successfully rearranged heavy chains at the pro-B stage during early B cell development. In our study, the overall O-GlcNAc levels in these proliferative pre-B cells, which are linked to the glucose uptake rate, were highly induced when compared with those in pro-B cells. Thus, pharmacologically, genetically, or nutritionally, inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation in pre-B cells markedly downregulated c-Myc expression, resulting in cell cycle arrest via blockade of cyclin expression. Importantly, the population of B cells after the pro-B cell stage in mouse bone marrow was severely impaired by the administration of an O-GlcNAc inhibitor. These results strongly suggest that O-GlcNAcylation-dependent expression of c-Myc represents a new regulatory component of pre-B cell proliferation, as well as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of pre-B cell-derived leukemia.
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29
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Vanhove K, Graulus GJ, Mesotten L, Thomeer M, Derveaux E, Noben JP, Guedens W, Adriaensens P. The Metabolic Landscape of Lung Cancer: New Insights in a Disturbed Glucose Metabolism. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1215. [PMID: 31803611 PMCID: PMC6873590 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism encompasses the biochemical processes that allow healthy cells to keep energy, redox balance and building blocks required for cell development, survival, and proliferation steady. Malignant cells are well-documented to reprogram their metabolism and energy production networks to support rapid proliferation and survival in harsh conditions via mutations in oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes. Despite the histologic and genetic heterogeneity of tumors, a common set of metabolic pathways sustain the high proliferation rates observed in cancer cells. This review with a focus on lung cancer covers several fundamental principles of the disturbed glucose metabolism, such as the “Warburg” effect, the importance of the glycolysis and its branching pathways, the unanticipated gluconeogenesis and mitochondrial metabolism. Furthermore, we highlight our current understanding of the disturbed glucose metabolism and how this might result in the development of new treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolien Vanhove
- UHasselt, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, LCRC, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Algemeen Ziekenhuis Vesalius, Tongeren, Belgium
| | - Geert-Jan Graulus
- Biomolecule Design Group, Institute for Materials Research, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Mesotten
- UHasselt, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, LCRC, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | - Michiel Thomeer
- UHasselt, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, LCRC, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | - Elien Derveaux
- UHasselt, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, LCRC, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Noben
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Wanda Guedens
- Biomolecule Design Group, Institute for Materials Research, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Peter Adriaensens
- Biomolecule Design Group, Institute for Materials Research, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,Applied and Analytical Chemistry, Institute for Materials Research, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
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30
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Zhang B, Li MD, Yin R, Liu Y, Yang Y, Mitchell-Richards KA, Nam JH, Li R, Wang L, Iwakiri Y, Chung D, Robert ME, Ehrlich BE, Bennett AM, Yu J, Nathanson MH, Yang X. O-GlcNAc transferase suppresses necroptosis and liver fibrosis. JCI Insight 2019; 4:127709. [PMID: 31672932 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.127709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, over a billion people suffer from chronic liver diseases, which often lead to fibrosis and then cirrhosis. Treatments for fibrosis remain experimental, in part because no unifying mechanism has been identified that initiates liver fibrosis. Necroptosis has been implicated in multiple liver diseases. Here, we report that O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification protects against hepatocyte necroptosis and initiation of liver fibrosis. Decreased O-GlcNAc levels were seen in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and in mice with ethanol-induced liver injury. Liver-specific O-GlcNAc transferase-KO (OGT-LKO) mice exhibited hepatomegaly and ballooning degeneration at an early age and progressed to liver fibrosis and portal inflammation by 10 weeks of age. OGT-deficient hepatocytes underwent excessive necroptosis and exhibited elevated protein expression levels of receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL), which are key mediators of necroptosis. Furthermore, glycosylation of RIPK3 by OGT is associated with reduced RIPK3 protein stability. Taken together, these findings identify OGT as a key suppressor of hepatocyte necroptosis, and OGT-LKO mice may serve as an effective spontaneous genetic model of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bichen Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and
| | - Min-Dian Li
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and
| | - Ruonan Yin
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yuyang Liu
- Yale College, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yunfan Yang
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Jin Hyun Nam
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Rui Li
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology and.,Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yasuko Iwakiri
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Dongjun Chung
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Barbara E Ehrlich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Anton M Bennett
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease and Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, CUHK Shenzhen Research Institute, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Xiaoyong Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and.,Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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31
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Jiang M, Wu N, Xu B, Chu Y, Li X, Su S, Chen D, Li W, Shi Y, Gao X, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Du W, Nie Y, Liang J, Fan D. Fatty acid-induced CD36 expression via O-GlcNAcylation drives gastric cancer metastasis. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:5359-5373. [PMID: 31410220 PMCID: PMC6691574 DOI: 10.7150/thno.34024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the primary cause of death in patients with advanced cancer. Recently, a high-fat diet was shown to specifically promote the metastatic potential of specific cancer cells in a CD36-dependent manner. However, the molecular basis of the fatty acid (FA)-induced upregulation of CD36 has remained unclear. Methods: RT-qPCR, FACS analysis, immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry, as well as retrieving TCGA database, were carried out to quantitate CD36 expression in gastric cancer (GC) tissues and cell lines. Transwell assay and xenografts were used to assess cell metastasis abilities in vitro and in vivo after indicated treatment. Luciferase reporter assay was carried out to evaluate the changes in signaling pathways when O-GlcNAcylation level was increased in GC cells and in vitro O-GlcNAcylation assay was utilized for wild and mutant types of CD36 protein to explore the potential O-GlcNAcylation sites. Results: High CD36 expression is a predictor of poor survival and promotes metastasis of GC cells and the use of neutralizing antibodies to block CD36 inhibits GC metastasis in mice. FA or a HFD promotes the metastatic potential of GC cells by upregulating CD36 via increasing the O-GlcNAcylation level. Increased O-GlcNAcylation levels promote the transcription of CD36 by activating the NF-κB pathway and also increase its FA uptake activity by directly modifying CD36 at S468 and T470. Conclusion: FA-induced hyper-O-GlcNAcylation promotes the transcription and function of CD36 by activating the NF-κB pathway and directly modifying CD36 at S468 and T470, which drives GC metastasis.
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32
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Peixoto A, Relvas-Santos M, Azevedo R, Santos LL, Ferreira JA. Protein Glycosylation and Tumor Microenvironment Alterations Driving Cancer Hallmarks. Front Oncol 2019; 9:380. [PMID: 31157165 PMCID: PMC6530332 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Decades of research have disclosed a plethora of alterations in protein glycosylation that decisively impact in all stages of disease and ultimately contribute to more aggressive cell phenotypes. The biosynthesis of cancer-associated glycans and its reflection in the glycoproteome is driven by microenvironmental cues and these events act synergistically toward disease evolution. Such intricate crosstalk provides the molecular foundations for the activation of relevant oncogenic pathways and leads to functional alterations driving invasion and disease dissemination. However, it also provides an important source of relevant glyco(neo)epitopes holding tremendous potential for clinical intervention. Therefore, we highlight the transversal nature of glycans throughout the currently accepted cancer hallmarks, with emphasis on the crosstalk between glycans and the tumor microenvironment stromal components. Focus is also set on the pressing need to include glycans and glycoconjugates in comprehensive panomics models envisaging molecular-based precision medicine capable of improving patient care. We foresee that this may provide the necessary rationale for more comprehensive studies and molecular-based intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Peixoto
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Tumour and Microenvironment Interactions Group, INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Relvas-Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Azevedo
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
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Rozengurt E, Eibl G. Central role of Yes-associated protein and WW-domain-containing transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif in pancreatic cancer development. World J Gastroenterol 2019; 25:1797-1816. [PMID: 31057295 PMCID: PMC6478619 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i15.1797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a deadly disease with no efficacious treatment options. PDAC incidence is projected to increase, which may be caused at least partially by the obesity epidemic. Significantly enhanced efforts to prevent or intercept this cancer are clearly warranted. Oncogenic KRAS mutations are recognized initiating events in PDAC development, however, they are not entirely sufficient for the development of fully invasive PDAC. Additional genetic alterations and/or environmental, nutritional, and metabolic signals, as present in obesity, type-2 diabetes mellitus, and inflammation, are required for full PDAC formation. We hypothesize that oncogenic KRAS increases the intensity and duration of the growth-promoting signaling network. Recent exciting studies from different laboratories indicate that the activity of the transcriptional co-activators Yes-associated protein (YAP) and WW-domain-containing transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) play a critical role in the promotion and maintenance of PDAC operating as key downstream target of KRAS signaling. While initially thought to be primarily an effector of the tumor-suppressive Hippo pathway, more recent studies revealed that YAP/TAZ subcellular localization and co-transcriptional activity is regulated by multiple upstream signals. Overall, YAP has emerged as a central node of transcriptional convergence in growth-promoting signaling in PDAC cells. Indeed, YAP expression is an independent unfavorable prognostic marker for overall survival of PDAC. In what follows, we will review studies implicating YAP/TAZ in pancreatic cancer development and consider different approaches to target these transcriptional regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Rozengurt
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
- CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Guido Eibl
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
- CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
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34
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Rauth M, Freund P, Orlova A, Grünert S, Tasic N, Han X, Ruan HB, Neubauer HA, Moriggl R. Cell Metabolism Control Through O-GlcNAcylation of STAT5: A Full or Empty Fuel Tank Makes a Big Difference for Cancer Cell Growth and Survival. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1028. [PMID: 30818760 PMCID: PMC6429193 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a post-translational modification that influences tyrosine phosphorylation in healthy and malignant cells. O-GlcNAc is a product of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, a side pathway of glucose metabolism. It is essential for cell survival and proper gene regulation, mirroring the metabolic status of a cell. STAT3 and STAT5 proteins are essential transcription factors that can act in a mutational context-dependent manner as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. They regulate gene expression for vital processes such as cell differentiation, survival, or growth, and are also critically involved in metabolic control. The role of STAT3/5 proteins in metabolic processes is partly independent of their transcriptional regulatory role, but is still poorly understood. Interestingly, STAT3 and STAT5 are modified by O-GlcNAc in response to the metabolic status of the cell. Here, we discuss and summarize evidence of O-GlcNAcylation-regulating STAT function, focusing in particular on hyperactive STAT5A transplant studies in the hematopoietic system. We emphasize that a single O-GlcNAc modification is essential to promote development of neoplastic cell growth through enhancing STAT5A tyrosine phosphorylation. Inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation of STAT5A on threonine 92 lowers tyrosine phosphorylation of oncogenic STAT5A and ablates malignant transformation. We conclude on strategies for new therapeutic options to block O-GlcNAcylation in combination with tyrosine kinase inhibitors to target neoplastic cancer cell growth and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Rauth
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Patricia Freund
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Anna Orlova
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | | | | | - Xiaonan Han
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, the Ministry of Health, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences (ILAS), Beijing 100730, China.
- Chinese Academy of Medical Science (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing 100006, China.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA.
| | - Hai-Bin Ruan
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Heidi A Neubauer
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
- Medical University Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria.
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Abstract
In the early 1980s, while using purified glycosyltransferases to probe glycan structures on surfaces of living cells in the murine immune system, we discovered a novel form of serine/threonine protein glycosylation (O-linked β-GlcNAc; O-GlcNAc) that occurs on thousands of proteins within the nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria. Prior to this discovery, it was dogma that protein glycosylation was restricted to the luminal compartments of the secretory pathway and on extracellular domains of membrane and secretory proteins. Work in the last 3 decades from several laboratories has shown that O-GlcNAc cycling serves as a nutrient sensor to regulate signaling, transcription, mitochondrial activity, and cytoskeletal functions. O-GlcNAc also has extensive cross-talk with phosphorylation, not only at the same or proximal sites on polypeptides, but also by regulating each other's enzymes that catalyze cycling of the modifications. O-GlcNAc is generally not elongated or modified. It cycles on and off polypeptides in a time scale similar to phosphorylation, and both the enzyme that adds O-GlcNAc, the O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), and the enzyme that removes O-GlcNAc, O-GlcNAcase (OGA), are highly conserved from C. elegans to humans. Both O-GlcNAc cycling enzymes are essential in mammals and plants. Due to O-GlcNAc's fundamental roles as a nutrient and stress sensor, it plays an important role in the etiologies of chronic diseases of aging, including diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disease. This review will present an overview of our current understanding of O-GlcNAc's regulation, functions, and roles in chronic diseases of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald W Hart
- From the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center and Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
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36
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Zhou X, Liu S, Lin X, Xu L, Mao X, Liu J, Zhang Z, Jiang W, Zhou H. Metformin Inhibit Lung Cancer Cell Growth and Invasion in Vitro as Well as Tumor Formation in Vivo Partially by Activating PP2A. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:836-846. [PMID: 30693913 PMCID: PMC6362762 DOI: 10.12659/msm.912059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate whether PP2A activation is involved in the anti-cancer activity of metformin. Material/Methods A549 and H1651 human lung cancer cells were constructed with stable α4 overexpression (O/E α4) or knockdown of PP2A catalytic subunit A/B(sh-PP2Ac). Influences of okadaic acid (OA) treatment, O/E α4 or sh-PP2Ac on metformin treated cells were investigated by cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and Transwell invasion assay in vitro. Protein expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, Myc, and Akt as well as serine phosphorylation level of Bax, Myc, and Akt were examined by western blot. For in vivo assays, wild type (WT) or modified A549 cells were subcutaneously injected in nude mice, and metformin treatment on these xenografted tumors were assayed by tumor formation assay and western blot detecting cell proliferation marker PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) as well as protein expression level and serine phosphorylation level of Akt and Myc. Results Metformin treatment significantly reduced A549 or H1651 cell growth and invasive capacity in vitro as well as Ser184 phosphorylation of Bax, Ser62 phosphorylation of Myc, and Ser473 phosphorylation of Akt, all of which could be partially attenuated by OA treatment, O/E α4 or sh-PP2Ac. Metformin treatment also significantly reduced tumor formation in vivo as well as protein expression of PCNA, Akt, Myc, and serine phosphorylation of the latter 2, which can be partially blocked by O/E α4 or sh-PP2Ac. Conclusions Metformin reduced lung cancer cell growth and invasion in vitro as well as tumor formation in vivo partially by activating PP2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Zhou
- Department of Respiration, Jiangshan People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jiangshan People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Xuemei Lin
- Department of Respiration, Jiangshan People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Liping Xu
- Department of Respiration, Jiangshan People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoming Mao
- Department of Respiration, Jiangshan People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Respiration, Jiangshan People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Zixing Zhang
- Department of Respiration, Jiangshan People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Wenhong Jiang
- Department of Respiration, Jiangshan People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Respiration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
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37
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Glutamine Addiction and Therapeutic Strategies in Lung Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020252. [PMID: 30634602 PMCID: PMC6359540 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer cells are well-documented to rewire their metabolism and energy production networks to support rapid survival and proliferation. This metabolic reorganization has been recognized as a hallmark of cancer. The increased uptake of glucose and the increased activity of the glycolytic pathway have been extensively described. However, over the past years, increasing evidence has shown that lung cancer cells also require glutamine to fulfill their metabolic needs. As a nitrogen source, glutamine contributes directly (or indirectly upon conversion to glutamate) to many anabolic processes in cancer, such as the biosynthesis of amino acids, nucleobases, and hexosamines. It plays also an important role in the redox homeostasis, and last but not least, upon conversion to α-ketoglutarate, glutamine is an energy and anaplerotic carbon source that replenishes tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates. The latter is generally indicated as glutaminolysis. In this review, we explore the role of glutamine metabolism in lung cancer. Because lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death with limited curative treatment options, we focus on the potential therapeutic approaches targeting the glutamine metabolism in cancer.
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38
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Zeng Z, Konopleva M. Targeting dihydroorotate dehydrogenase in acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 2018; 103:1415-1417. [PMID: 30171015 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.197806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Zeng
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marina Konopleva
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA .,Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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39
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Wu D, Wang W, Chen W, Lian F, Lang L, Huang Y, Xu Y, Zhang N, Chen Y, Liu M, Nussinov R, Cheng F, Lu W, Huang J. Pharmacological inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase induces apoptosis and differentiation in acute myeloid leukemia cells. Haematologica 2018; 103:1472-1483. [PMID: 29880605 PMCID: PMC6119157 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.188185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia is a disorder characterized by abnormal differentiation of myeloid cells and a clonal proliferation derived from primitive hematopoietic stem cells. Interventions that overcome myeloid differentiation have been shown to be a promising therapeutic strategy for acute myeloid leukemia. In this study, we demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase leads to apoptosis and normal differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cells, indicating that dihydroorotate dehydrogenase is a potential differentiation regulator and a therapeutic target in acute myeloid leukemia. By screening a library of natural products, we identified a novel dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitor, isobavachalcone, derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Psoralea corylifolia Using enzymatic analysis, thermal shift assay, pull down, nuclear magnetic resonance, and isothermal titration calorimetry experiments, we demonstrate that isobavachalcone inhibits human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase directly, and triggers apoptosis and differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cells. Oral administration of isobavachalcone suppresses subcutaneous HL60 xenograft tumor growth without obvious toxicity. Importantly, our results suggest that a combination of isobavachalcone and adriamycin prolonged survival in an intravenous HL60 leukemia model. In summary, this study demonstrates that isobavachalcone triggers apoptosis and differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cells via pharmacological inhibition of human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, offering a potential therapeutic strategy for acute myeloid leukemia.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Chalcones/chemistry
- Chalcones/pharmacology
- Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Synergism
- Enzyme Activation/drug effects
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Gene Expression
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/mortality
- Mice
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Structure
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors/genetics
- Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors/metabolism
- Prognosis
- RNA Interference
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Dang Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Wanyan Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Wuyan Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China
| | - Fulin Lian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China
| | - Li Lang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Guangdong Institute for Drug Control, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yechun Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China
| | - Naixia Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China
| | - Yinbin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, China
| | - Ruth Nussinov
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, MD, USA
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Feixiong Cheng
- Center for Complex Networks Research and Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Cancer Systems Biology and Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, OH, USA
| | - Weiqiang Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, China
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40
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O-GlcNAcylation Signal Mediates Proteasome Inhibitor Resistance in Cancer Cells by Stabilizing NRF1. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00252-18. [PMID: 29941490 PMCID: PMC6094050 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00252-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells often heavily depend on the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) for their growth and survival. Irrespective of their strong dependence on the proteasome activity, cancer cells, except for multiple myeloma, are mostly resistant to proteasome inhibitors. Cancer cells often heavily depend on the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) for their growth and survival. Irrespective of their strong dependence on the proteasome activity, cancer cells, except for multiple myeloma, are mostly resistant to proteasome inhibitors. A major cause of this resistance is the proteasome bounce-back response mediated by NRF1, a transcription factor that coordinately activates proteasome subunit genes. To identify new targets for efficient suppression of UPS, we explored, using immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry, the possible existence of nuclear proteins that cooperate with NRF1 and identified O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) and host cell factor C1 (HCF-1) as two proteins capable of forming a complex with NRF1. O-GlcNAcylation catalyzed by OGT was essential for NRF1 stabilization and consequent upregulation of proteasome subunit genes. Meta-analysis of breast and colorectal cancers revealed positive correlations in the relative protein abundance of OGT and proteasome subunits. OGT inhibition was effective at sensitizing cancer cells to a proteasome inhibitor both in culture cells and a xenograft mouse model. Since active O-GlcNAcylation is a feature of cancer metabolism, our study has clarified a novel linkage between cancer metabolism and UPS function and added a new regulatory axis to the regulation of the proteasome activity.
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41
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Böttcher M, Renner K, Berger R, Mentz K, Thomas S, Cardenas-Conejo ZE, Dettmer K, Oefner PJ, Mackensen A, Kreutz M, Mougiakakos D. D-2-hydroxyglutarate interferes with HIF-1α stability skewing T-cell metabolism towards oxidative phosphorylation and impairing Th17 polarization. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1445454. [PMID: 29900057 PMCID: PMC5993507 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1445454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG) is released by various types of malignant cells including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) blasts carrying isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gain-of-function mutations. D-2HG acting as an oncometabolite promotes proliferation, anoikis, and differentiation block of hematopoietic cells in an autocrine fashion. However, prognostic impact of IDH mutations and high D-2HG levels remains controversial and might depend on the overall mutational context. An increasing number of studies focus on the permissive environment created by AML blasts to promote immune evasion. Impact of D-2HG on immune cells remains incompletely understood. Here, we sought out to investigate the effects of D-2HG on T-cells as key mediators of anti-AML immunity. D-2HG was efficiently taken up by T-cells in vitro, which is in line with high 2-HG levels measured in T-cells isolated from AML patients carrying IDH mutations. T-cell activation was slightly impacted by D-2HG. However, D-2HG triggered HIF-1a protein destabilization resulting in metabolic skewing towards oxidative phosphorylation, increased regulatory T-cell (Treg) frequency, and reduced T helper 17 (Th17) polarization. Our data suggest for the first time that D-2HG might contribute to fine tuning of immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Böttcher
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Renner
- Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Raffaela Berger
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kristin Mentz
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simone Thomas
- Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Katja Dettmer
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter J Oefner
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Mackensen
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marina Kreutz
- Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Mougiakakos
- Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology and Oncology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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42
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Poolsri WA, Phokrai P, Suwankulanan S, Phakdeeto N, Phunsomboon P, Pekthong D, Richert L, Pongcharoen S, Srisawang P. Combination of Mitochondrial and Plasma Membrane Citrate Transporter Inhibitors Inhibits De Novo Lipogenesis Pathway and Triggers Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:3683026. [PMID: 29546056 PMCID: PMC5818947 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3683026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Increased expression levels of both mitochondrial citrate transporter (CTP) and plasma membrane citrate transporter (PMCT) proteins have been found in various cancers. The transported citrates by these two transporter proteins provide acetyl-CoA precursors for the de novo lipogenesis (DNL) pathway to support a high rate of cancer cell viability and development. Inhibition of the DNL pathway promotes cancer cell apoptosis without apparent cytotoxic to normal cells, leading to the representation of selective and powerful targets for cancer therapy. The present study demonstrates that treatments with CTP inhibitor (CTPi), PMCT inhibitor (PMCTi), and the combination of CTPi and PMCTi resulted in decreased cell viability in two hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (HepG2 and HuH-7). Treatment with citrate transporter inhibitors caused a greater cytotoxic effect in HepG2 cells than in HuH-7 cells. A lower concentration of combined CTPi and PMCTi promotes cytotoxic effect compared with either of a single compound. An increased cell apoptosis and an induced cell cycle arrest in both cell lines were reported after administration of the combined inhibitors. A combination treatment exhibits an enhanced apoptosis through decreased intracellular citrate levels, which consequently cause inhibition of fatty acid production in HepG2 cells. Apoptosis induction through the mitochondrial-dependent pathway was found as a consequence of suppressed carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 (CPT-1) activity and enhanced ROS generation by combined CTPi and PMCTi treatment. We showed that accumulation of malonyl-CoA did not correlate with decreasing CPT-1 activity. The present study showed that elevated ROS levels served as an inhibition on Bcl-2 activity that is at least in part responsible for apoptosis. Moreover, inhibition of the citrate transporter is selectively cytotoxic to HepG2 cells but not in primary human hepatocytes, supporting citrate-mediating fatty acid synthesis as a promising cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-angkan Poolsri
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Phornpun Phokrai
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Somrudee Suwankulanan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Narinthorn Phakdeeto
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | | | - Dumrongsak Pekthong
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Lysiane Richert
- KaLy-Cell, 20A rue du Général Leclerc, 67115 Plobsheim, France
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie Cellulaire, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, EA 4267, Besançon, France
| | - Sutatip Pongcharoen
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Centre of Excellence in Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Petroleum, Petrochemicals and Advanced Materials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Piyarat Srisawang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
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43
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Very N, Vercoutter-Edouart AS, Lefebvre T, Hardivillé S, El Yazidi-Belkoura I. Cross-Dysregulation of O-GlcNAcylation and PI3K/AKT/mTOR Axis in Human Chronic Diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:602. [PMID: 30356686 PMCID: PMC6189293 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway are considered as nutrient sensors that regulate several essential biological processes. The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway produces uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc), the substrate for O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), the enzyme that O-GlcNAcylates proteins on serine (Ser) and threonine (Thr) residues. O-linked β-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) and phosphorylation are highly dynamic post-translational modifications occurring at the same or adjacent sites that regulate folding, stability, subcellular localization, partner interaction, or activity of target proteins. Here we review recent evidence of a cross-regulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and protein O-GlcNAcylation. Furthermore, we discuss their co-dysregulation in pathological conditions, e.g., cancer, type-2 diabetes (T2D), and cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases.
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44
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Aguilar AL, Hou X, Wen L, Wang PG, Wu P. A Chemoenzymatic Histology Method for O-GlcNAc Detection. Chembiochem 2017; 18:2416-2421. [PMID: 29044951 PMCID: PMC5771404 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Modification of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins by the addition or removal of O-GlcNAc dynamically impacts multiple biological processes. Here, we present the development of a chemoenzymatic histology method for the detection of O-GlcNAc in tissue specimens. We applied this method to screen murine organs, uncovering specific O-GlcNAc distribution patterns in different tissue structures. We then utilized our histology method for O-GlcNAc detection in human brain specimens from healthy donors and donors with Alzheimer's disease and found higher levels of O-GlcNAc in specimens from healthy donors. We also performed an analysis using a multiple cancer tissue array, uncovering different O-GlcNAc levels between healthy and cancerous tissues, as well as different O-GlcNAc cellular distributions within certain tissue specimens. This chemoenzymatic histology method therefore holds great potential for revealing the biology of O-GlcNAc in physiopathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aime Lopez Aguilar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Xiaomeng Hou
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Liuqing Wen
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30303, USA
| | - Peng G Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30303, USA
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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45
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Luanpitpong S, Chanthra N, Janan M, Poohadsuan J, Samart P, U-Pratya Y, Rojanasakul Y, Issaragrisil S. Inhibition of O-GlcNAcase Sensitizes Apoptosis and Reverses Bortezomib Resistance in Mantle Cell Lymphoma through Modification of Truncated Bid. Mol Cancer Ther 2017; 17:484-496. [PMID: 29167312 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant energy metabolism represents a hallmark of cancer and contributes to numerous aggressive behaviors of cancer cells, including cell death and survival. Despite the poor prognosis of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), due to the inevitable development of drug resistance, metabolic reprograming of MCL cells remains an unexplored area. Posttranslational modification of proteins via O-GlcNAcylation is an ideal sensor for nutritional changes mediated by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and is removed by O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Using various small-molecule inhibitors of OGT and OGA, we found for the first time that O-GlcNAcylation potentiates MCL response to bortezomib. CRISPR interference of MGEA5 (encoding OGA) validated the apoptosis sensitization by O-GlcNAcylation and OGA inhibition. To identify the potential clinical candidates, we tested MCL response to drug-like OGA inhibitor, ketoconazole, and verified that it exerts similar sensitizing effect on bortezomib-induced apoptosis. Investigations into the underlying molecular mechanisms reveal that bortezomib and ketoconazole act in concert to cause the accumulation of truncated Bid (tBid). Not only does ketoconazole potentiate tBid induction, but also increases tBid stability through O-GlcNAcylation that interferes with tBid ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Remarkably, ketoconazole strongly enhances bortezomib-induced apoptosis in de novo bortezomib-resistant MCL cells and in patient-derived primary cells with minimal cytotoxic effect on normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells and hepatocytes, suggesting its potential utility as a safe and effective adjuvant for MCL. Together, our findings provide novel evidence that combination of bortezomib and ketoconazole or other OGA inhibitors may present a promising strategy for the treatment of drug-resistant MCL. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(2); 484-96. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudjit Luanpitpong
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nawin Chanthra
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Montira Janan
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jirarat Poohadsuan
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Parinya Samart
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yaowalak U-Pratya
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yon Rojanasakul
- WVU Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - Surapol Issaragrisil
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. .,Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Bangkok Hematology Center, Wattanosoth Hospital, BDMS Center of Excellence for Cancer, Bangkok, Thailand
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46
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Calcium-dependent O-GlcNAc signaling drives liver autophagy in adaptation to starvation. Genes Dev 2017; 31:1655-1665. [PMID: 28903979 PMCID: PMC5647936 DOI: 10.1101/gad.305441.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, Ruan et al. demonstrate that O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is required for glucagon-stimulated liver autophagy and metabolic adaptation to starvation. Their findings delineate a new signaling pathway in which starvation promotes autophagy through OGT phosphorylation and establish the importance of O-GlcNAc signaling in coupling liver autophagy to nutrient homeostasis. Starvation induces liver autophagy, which is thought to provide nutrients for use by other organs and thereby maintain whole-body homeostasis. Here we demonstrate that O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) is required for glucagon-stimulated liver autophagy and metabolic adaptation to starvation. Genetic ablation of OGT in mouse livers reduces autophagic flux and the production of glucose and ketone bodies. Upon glucagon-induced calcium signaling, calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) phosphorylates OGT, which in turn promotes O-GlcNAc modification and activation of Ulk proteins by potentiating AMPK-dependent phosphorylation. These findings uncover a signaling cascade by which starvation promotes autophagy through OGT phosphorylation and establish the importance of O-GlcNAc signaling in coupling liver autophagy to nutrient homeostasis.
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47
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Frenkel-Pinter M, Shmueli MD, Raz C, Yanku M, Zilberzwige S, Gazit E, Segal D. Interplay between protein glycosylation pathways in Alzheimer's disease. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1601576. [PMID: 28929132 PMCID: PMC5600531 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1601576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Deviations from the normal nucleoplasmic protein O-GlcNAcylation, as well as from normal protein sialylation and N-glycosylation in the secretory pathway, have been reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the interplay between the cytoplasmic protein O-GlcNAcylation and the secretory N-/O-glycosylation in AD has not been described. We present a comprehensive analysis of the N-, O-, and O-GlcNAc-glycomes in AD-affected brain regions as well as in AD patient serum. We detected marked differences in levels of glycan involved in both protein O-GlcNAcylation and N-/O-glycosylation between patients and healthy individuals and revealed brain region-specific glycosylation-related pathology in patients. These alterations are not general for other neurodegenerative conditions, such as frontotemporal dementia and corticobasal degeneration. The alterations in the AD glycome in the serum could potentially lead to novel glyco-based biomarkers for AD progression. Strikingly, negative interrelationship was found between the pathways of protein O-GlcNAcylation and N-/O-glycosylation, suggesting a novel intracellular cross-talk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chen Raz
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Interdisciplinary Sagol School of Neurosciences, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Michaela Yanku
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Interdisciplinary Sagol School of Neurosciences, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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48
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Ali A, Kim SH, Kim MJ, Choi MY, Kang SS, Cho GJ, Kim YS, Choi JY, Choi WS. O-GlcNAcylation of NF-κB Promotes Lung Metastasis of Cervical Cancer Cells via Upregulation of CXCR4 Expression. Mol Cells 2017; 40:476-484. [PMID: 28681591 PMCID: PMC5547217 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.2309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) stimulates cancer metastasis. NF-κB regulates CXCR4 expression in cancer cells, and O-GlcNAc modification of NF-κB promotes its transcriptional activity. Here, we determined whether CXCR4 expression is affected by O-GlcNAcylation of NF-κB in lung metastasis of cervical cancer. We found elevated levels of O-linked-N-actylglucosamine transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcylation in cervical cancer cells compared to those in non-malignant epithelial cells and detected increased expression of NF-κB p65 (p65) and CXCR4 in cervical cancer cells. Knockdown of OGT inhibited the O-GlcNAcylation of p65 and decreased CXCR4 expression levels in HeLa cells. Thiamet G treatment increased O-GlcNAcylated p65, which subsequently enhanced CXCR4 expression levels. Inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation by 6-Diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON) treatment decreased p65 activation, eventually inhibiting CXCR4 expression in HeLa cells. Lung tissues from mice engrafted with OGT-knockdown HeLa cells (shOGT) exhibited lower expression of Ki-67 and HPV E6 and E7 oncogenes compared to lung tissues from mice engrafted with control HeLa cells (shCTL). In addition, lung tissues from mice engrafted with shOGT cells exhibited lower p65 and CXCR4 immunoreactivity compared to tissues from mice engrafted with shCTL cells. Taken together, our data suggest that p65 O-GlcNAcylation promotes lung metastasis of cervical cancer cells by activating CXCR4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhtar Ali
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju 52727,
Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Kim
- Department of Thoriac and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju 52727,
Korea
| | - Min Jun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju 52727,
Korea
| | - Mee Young Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju 52727,
Korea
| | - Sang Soo Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju 52727,
Korea
| | - Gyeong Jae Cho
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju 52727,
Korea
| | - Yoon Sook Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju 52727,
Korea
| | - Jun-Young Choi
- Department of Thoriac and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju 52727,
Korea
| | - Wan Sung Choi
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, School of Medicine, Jinju 52727,
Korea
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49
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Shtraizent N, DeRossi C, Nayar S, Sachidanandam R, Katz LS, Prince A, Koh AP, Vincek A, Hadas Y, Hoshida Y, Scott DK, Eliyahu E, Freeze HH, Sadler KC, Chu J. MPI depletion enhances O-GlcNAcylation of p53 and suppresses the Warburg effect. eLife 2017. [PMID: 28644127 PMCID: PMC5495572 DOI: 10.7554/elife.22477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid cellular proliferation in early development and cancer depends on glucose metabolism to fuel macromolecule biosynthesis. Metabolic enzymes are presumed regulators of this glycolysis-driven metabolic program, known as the Warburg effect; however, few have been identified. We uncover a previously unappreciated role for Mannose phosphate isomerase (MPI) as a metabolic enzyme required to maintain Warburg metabolism in zebrafish embryos and in both primary and malignant mammalian cells. The functional consequences of MPI loss are striking: glycolysis is blocked and cells die. These phenotypes are caused by induction of p53 and accumulation of the glycolytic intermediate fructose 6-phosphate, leading to engagement of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), increased O-GlcNAcylation, and p53 stabilization. Inhibiting the HBP through genetic and chemical methods reverses p53 stabilization and rescues the Mpi-deficient phenotype. This work provides mechanistic evidence by which MPI loss induces p53, and identifies MPI as a novel regulator of p53 and Warburg metabolism. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22477.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataly Shtraizent
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Charles DeRossi
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Shikha Nayar
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Ravi Sachidanandam
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Liora S Katz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Adam Prince
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Anna P Koh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Adam Vincek
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Yoav Hadas
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Yujin Hoshida
- Department of Medicine, Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Donald K Scott
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Efrat Eliyahu
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
| | - Hudson H Freeze
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, United States
| | - Kirsten C Sadler
- Biology Program, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jaime Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States.,The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States
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50
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Zhang B, Zhou P, Li X, Shi Q, Li D, Ju X. Bitterness in sugar: O-GlcNAcylation aggravates pre-B acute lymphocytic leukemia through glycolysis via the PI3K/Akt/c-Myc pathway. Am J Cancer Res 2017; 7:1337-1349. [PMID: 28670495 PMCID: PMC5489782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal cellular energetics has emerged as a hallmark of cancer cells. Deregulating aerobic glycolysis can alter multiple metabolic and signaling pathways in cancer cells, and trigger unlimited growth and proliferation. Accumulating evidence suggests that elevated levels of protein modification with β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation) along with dysregulation of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and/or O-GlcNAcase (OGA) levels may act as a nutrient sensor in cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanism of O-GlcNAcylation and the relationship between O-GlcNAcylation and glycolysis are largely unknown in pre-B acute lymphocytic leukemia (pre-B-ALL). In this study, CD19+ bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) from untreated pre-B-ALL patients displayed increased O-GlcNAcylation levels, upregulated OGT, and downregulated OGA. Patients with higher lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels exhibited higher O-GlcNAcylation levels with OGT upregulation and overactivation of the PI3K/Akt/c-Myc pathway. The extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and the mRNA expression of key enzymes in glycolysis were determined to assess glycolysis activation. Our results revealed the existence of abnormal glycolysis in the CD19+ BM-MNCs of pre-B-ALL patients. The knockdown of OGT decreased the ECAR and downregulated glycolysis-related enzymes in Nalm-6 cells via the PI3K/Akt/c-Myc pathway. The suppression of OGT slowed the rate of proliferation and induced apoptosis in Nalm-6 cells. The glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose induced cytotoxicity of Nalm-6 cells, which was potentiated by OGT-siRNA. These findings suggested that O-GlcNAcylation could be a hallmark of pre-B-ALL, which has considerable therapeutic potential in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong UniversityShenzhen, Guangdong 518057, P. R. China
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China
| | - Panpan Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China
| | - Qing Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China
| | - Xiuli Ju
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong UniversityShenzhen, Guangdong 518057, P. R. China
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan, Shandong 250012, P. R. China
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