• commercial weight loss program
• intermittent restricted eating
• online weight loss

• Humans
• Male
• Female
• Weight Loss
• Middle Aged
• Adult
• Weight Reduction Programs/methods
• Obesity/diet therapy
• Obesity/therapy
• Exercise
• Life Style
• Aged
• Feeding Behavior
• Internet

• BMI trajectories
• CLHLS-HF
• economic income
• the elderly

• Humans
• Body Mass Index
• Longitudinal Studies
• Male
• Female
• Aged
• Income
• China/epidemiology
• Obesity/epidemiology
• Overweight/epidemiology
• Aged, 80 and over
• Asian People
• East Asian People

• No.2016YFC1305201 the sub-project of the National Key R&D Program of China

• COVID-19
• Implementation
• Primary care
• Screening
• Web-based application

• Adult
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• COVID-19/prevention & control
• COVID-19/epidemiology
• Mass Screening/methods
• Men's Health
• Mobile Applications
• Pandemics/prevention & control
• Pilot Projects
• Primary Health Care
• Telemedicine

• Universiti Malaysia Sarawak

• Feeding and eating disorders
• Obesity
• Primary health care
• Treatment engagement
• Veterans health
• Weight reduction programs

• Humans
• Male
• Female
• United States
• Middle Aged
• Adult
• United States Department of Veterans Affairs
• Aged
• Obesity/therapy
• Adolescent
• Weight Reduction Programs/statistics & numerical data
• Veterans/statistics & numerical data
• Veterans/psychology
• Young Adult
• Behavior Therapy/methods
• Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data
• Cohort Studies
• Veterans Health

• Breathlessness
• Diet
• Fatigue
• Long COVID
• Pain
• Personalisation
• Post COVID-19 Syndrome
• Remote delivery
• Weight management

• Black men
• Diet
• Obesity
• Physical activity
• Qualitative research
• Rural
• Weight management

• Male
• Humans
• United States
• Adult
• Middle Aged
• Motivation
• Reproducibility of Results
• Obesity/therapy
• Obesity/epidemiology
• Qualitative Research
• South Carolina

• K23 MD013899 NIMHD NIH HHS
• K23 MD016123 NIMHD NIH HHS

• diabetes prevention program
• lifestyle intervention
• nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
• weight loss

• Attitudes
• Obesity
• Treatment
• Virtual reality

• Childbirth
• Experience
• Father
• Fatherhood
• Migrant father
• Narrative synthesis
• Pregnancy

• cardiovascular disease
• co-design
• eHealth
• men
• taxi drivers

• Humans
• Male
• Automobile Driving
• Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology
• Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control
• Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology
• Sedentary Behavior
• Surveys and Questionnaires
• Telemedicine
• Systematic Reviews as Topic
• Meta-Analysis as Topic

• eHealth
• gender
• mHealth
• mobile health
• mobile phone
• tailoring
• weight loss intervention

• CONSORT guidelines
• masculinity
• weight-loss gamification

• Australia
• Feasibility Studies
• Humans
• Male
• Obesity/therapy
• Overweight/psychology
• Overweight/therapy
• Soccer
• Weight Loss

• RCT
• inequalities
• socioeconomic characteristics
• weight management

• Clinical trials
• Health policy
• PUBLIC HEALTH

• Adult
• Body Mass Index
• Educational Status
• Ethnicity
• Humans
• Obesity, Morbid
• Social Class

• HSRU1 Chief Scientist Office

The forced isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic interrupted the lifestyle intervention programs for people with obesity. This study aimed to assess: (1) the behaviors of subjects with obesity towards medical care during the pandemic and (2) their interest in following a remotely delivered multidisciplinary program for weight loss. An online self-made survey addressed to subjects with obesity was linked to the official website of our institute. Four hundred and six subjects completed the questionnaire (90% females, 50.2 ± 11.6 years). Forty-six percent of the subjects cancelled any scheduled clinical assessments during the pandemic, 53% of whom had chronic disease. Half of the subjects were prone to following a remotely delivered lifestyle intervention, especially with a well-known health professional. About 45% of the respondents were favorable towards participating in remote psychological support and nutritional intervention, while 60% would practice physical activity with online tools. Male subjects and the elderly were more reluctant than those female and younger, especially for online psychological support. Our survey showed an interest on the part of the subjects with obesity to join a multidisciplinary weight loss intervention remotely delivered. Male subjects and the elderly seem less attracted to this intervention, and this result highlights that, even with telemedicine, the approach to weight management should be tailored.

• Aged
• COVID-19/therapy
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Obesity/epidemiology
• Obesity/therapy
• Pandemics
• Telemedicine
• Weight Loss

• Process evaluation
• behaviour change
• diet
• motivation
• physical activity
• self-determination
• weight loss

Current treatments of obesity often fail to consider gender and psychological aspects, which are essential for weight loss and weight maintenance. The aim of our study was to analyze subjective illness representations (SIRs) of adults with obesity according to the Common-Sense Self-Regulation Model (CSM) by assessing their associations with weight-related variables and gender.

Data was collected via online self-assessment between April 2017 and March 2018. SIRs were operationalized by the revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R) and illness outcomes according to the CSM were defined as BMI, eating behaviour, physical wellbeing, bodyweight satisfaction, and shape concerns. The sample consisted of 427 adults (M = 42.2 years, SD = 10.9; 82% female) with obesity (BMI: M = 42.3 kg/m², SD = 9.0). Student's t-tests and multiple hierarchical regression analyses were conducted with the control variables (age and BMI) and subjective illness representations and gender as independent variables.

The explanation of outcome variances was moderate to high (21-43%) except for restraint eating behaviour (10%). Subjective illness representations showed several significant associations with weight-related variables, especially timeline and emotional representations. Female gender was significantly associated with more restraint eating behaviour [F_{(1, 400)} = 4.19, p < 0.001] and females had unfavourable values of the weight-related variables as well as a more cyclic [t₍₄₂₅₎ = 3.68, p < 0.001], and more emotional representation [t₍₁₀₀₎ = 5.17, p < 0.001] of their obesity.

The results of this study indicate that gender and subjective illness representations, especially the emotional representation, play an important role for weight-related variables. Therefore, the assessment of SIRs may constitute an economic tool to identify specific individual deficits of self-regulation.

• Bundesministerium f�r Bildung und Forschung

With shown reticence by men to engage with dietary interventions for weight loss, investigations that provide detail on men’s perceptions for the causes of weight gain and subsequent concerns over health and image are important. Such discoveries have potential to make a valuable contribution to male gendered programme design aimed at tackling weight gain and promoting good health. Connecting to men to health using their hobbies and interests, this study deployed semi-structured interviews of eight male participants (age > 35 years) enrolled on The Alpha Programme (TAP). TAP is a 12-week football and weight management intervention delivered in local community venues. Results captured men’s lived experiences and feelings of being overweight, their attempts at dietary modification, health and causes of weight gain. Results signify externalized attribution for weight gain, entrenched habitual intake practices, despondency related to weight stigmatization, self-objectification and low self-worth. Moreover, this study outlines the processes for capturing this information using a male friendly approach and setting. Outcomes have potential for shaping bespoke men’s weight management and health improvement interventions in the future.

• football
• men
• obesity
• physical activity
• sedentary
• self-esteem
• self-objectification
• weight gain
• weight stigmatization

• behavior change
• depression
• males
• mental fitness
• obesity
• online
• physical activity
• process evaluation

• Humans
• Male
• Men
• Men's Health
• Mental Health
• Middle Aged
• Motivation
• Overweight/therapy
• Telemedicine

This study mapped existing health-promotion provisions targeting adults in professional football clubs across England, the Netherlands, Norway, and Portugal, and explored motives behind the clubs’ adoption of the European Fans in Training (EuroFIT) programme. We surveyed top-tier football clubs in the four countries and interviewed representatives from football clubs and the clubs’ charitable foundation who delivered EuroFIT. The findings showed large between-country differences, with football clubs in England reporting far greater healthy lifestyle provision than other countries. Relatively few health-promotion programmes targeted adults, particularly in the Netherlands, Portugal, and Norway. Club representatives reported that the motives for adopting the EuroFIT programme often involved adhering to both the social objectives of the football club or club’s foundation and business-related objectives. They viewed the scientific evidence and evaluation underpinning EuroFIT as helpful in demonstrating the value and potential future impact of both the programme and the clubs’ wider corporate social responsibility provision.

• Health care
• Masculinity
• Men's health
• Obesity

Background: Excess weight is associated with an increased risk of poor health and premature mortality. This is more problematic for men than for women because men have a lower life expectancy and a higher prevalence of several lifestyle-related diseases. A concept whereby overweight male supporters of professional football clubs are recruited and offered a weight-loss intervention has been developed in Scotland. In the present study, we explore participants' experiences of a similar pilot intervention, called ViSiT, conducted with supporters in one ice hockey club and one football club in Sweden to assess the feasibility of using the intervention in a Swedish context.

Methods: In this user centered evaluation, focus groups were conducted with 12 men who had completed the 12-week ViSiT intervention. Participants discussed reasons for participating in and completing the intervention, effects of the intervention, advantages, and areas of improvement of the intervention, and thoughts on the club's involvement. The material was analyzed using thematic analysis according to Braun and Clarke.

Results: The analyses revealed four themes: reasons to participate, motivation and reinforcement, change of habit, and areas for improvement. The intervention was seen as an opportunity to change daily lifestyle behaviors. The group format, as well as the involvement of a prestigious sports club, was important for signing up to the intervention and for motivating continued involvement. The intervention had also resulted in increased knowledge on health and changed mindsets about being more attentive to regulating day-to-day behavior. Although the overall feedback on the intervention was positive, the participants suggested that possibilities to have more individual coaching should be added.

Conclusions: The ViSiT weight loss and lifestyle intervention may be feasible in a Swedish context to reach overweight men at risk of poor health. The ice hockey and football club supporters expressed similar experiences from participating in the intervention. ViSiT seem to have a potential to be adopted by many sports clubs for a widespread reach to a group normally considered reluctant to participate in lifestyle change programs.

• focus groups
• gender
• masculinity
• sports club
• training intervention
• weight management
• weight-loss intervention

• Cost-effectiveness
• premature coronary artery disease
• revascularization

The Well Now health and weight course teaches body respect and health gain for all. The course validates peoples’ lived experiences and knowledge through group activities and discussion with the aim of helping people to better understand their food and body stories. Well Now explores different ways of knowing, including the use and limits of body signals, like energy levels, hunger, taste and emotions and helps people keep food and behaviours in perspective by drawing attention to other factors that impact on health and wellbeing. This study undertook a service evaluation of the Well Now course to understand its acceptability for participants and its impact on diet quality, food preoccupation, physical activity and mental wellbeing.

This service evaluation combined quantitative pre- and post-course measures with telephone interviews with previous attendees. Paired t-tests were used to determine if there were statistically significant differences in the intended outcomes. Semi-structured qualitative telephone interviews were undertaken with previous attendees 6–12 months after attendance to understand how participants experienced the Well Now course.

Significant improvements were demonstrated in diet quality, food preoccupation, physical activity and mental wellbeing outcomes. Medium effect sizes are demonstrated for mental wellbeing and diet quality, with smaller effect sizes shown for physical activity and food preoccupation. The weight and Body Mass Index (BMI) of attendees remained stable in this timeframe. The qualitative data corroborates and extends elements of the quantitative outcomes and highlights areas of the course that may benefit from further development and improvement. The findings further indicate that the Well Now approach is largely acceptable for attendees.

Well Now’s non-judgemental holistic approach facilitates change for those who complete the course, and for those who do not. This health gain approach upholds non-maleficence and beneficence, and this is demonstrated with this service evaluation for both completers and partial completers.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-021-06836-z.

• Health at every size (HAES)
• Healthy weight
• Non-diet approach
• Obesity
• Public health
• Service evaluation

• Gamification
• Gender
• Inhibitory control training
• Weight loss

• Health improvement
• Healthcare
• Men
• Men’s sheds
• Physical health

• cardiovascular disorders
• communication
• complex intervention
• development
• erectile dysfunction
• interview
• patients’ perspectives
• physical activity
• sexual health
• thematic analysis

With increasing rates of liver transplantation and a stagnant donor pool, the annual wait list removals have remained high. Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is an established modality in expanding the donor pool and is the primary method of liver donation in large parts of the world. Marginal living donors, including those with hepatic steatosis, have been used to expand the donor pool. However, due to negative effects of steatosis on graft and recipient outcomes, current practice excludes overweight or obese donors with more than 10% macro vesicular steatosis. This has limited a potentially important source to help expand the donor pool. Weight loss is known to improve or resolve steatosis and rapid weight loss with short-term interventions have been used to convert marginal donors to low-risk donors in a small series of studies. There is, however, a lack of a consensus driven standardized approach to such interventions.

To assess the available data on using weight loss interventions in potential living liver donors with steatotic livers and investigated the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of using such donors on the donor, graft and recipient outcomes. The principal objective was to assess if using such treated donor livers, could help expand the donor pool.

We performed a comprehensive literature review and meta-analysis on studies examining the role of short-term weight loss interventions in potential living liver donors with hepatic steatosis with the aim of increasing liver donation rates and improving donor, graft, and recipient outcomes.

A total of 6 studies with 102 potential donors were included. Most subjects were males (71). All studies showed a significant reduction in body mass index post-intervention with a mean difference of -2.08 (-3.06, 1.10, I² = 78%). A significant reduction or resolution of hepatic steatosis was seen in 93 of the 102 (91.2%). Comparison of pre- and post-intervention liver biopsies showed a significant reduction in steatosis with a mean difference of -21.22 (-27.02, -15.43, I² = 56%). The liver donation rates post-intervention was 88.5 (74.5, 95.3, I² = 42%). All donors who did not undergo LDLT had either recipient reasons or had fibrosis/steatohepatitis on post intervention biopsies. Post-operative biliary complications in the intervention group were not significantly different compared to controls with an odds ratio of 0.96 [(0.14, 6.69), I² = 0]. The overall post-operative donor, graft, and recipient outcomes in treated donors were not significantly different compared to donors with no steatosis.

Use of appropriate short term weight loss interventions in living liver donors is an effective tool in turning marginal donors to low-risk donors and therefore in expanding the donor pool. It is feasible and safe, with comparable donor, graft, and recipient outcomes, to non-obese donors. Larger future prospective studies are needed.

• Living donor liver transplant
• Living liver donors
• Liver steatosis
• Weight loss interventions
• Donor outcomes
• Recipient outcomes

• Fatty Liver
• Humans
• Liver
• Liver Transplantation/adverse effects
• Living Donors
• Male
• Prospective Studies
• Treatment Outcome
• Weight Loss

• comorbidity
• lower extremity
• outcomes
• replacement

• digital therapeutics
• gut microbiota
• health coaching
• lifestyle medicine
• mHealth
• machine learning
• mobile apps
• mobile phone
• nutrigenomics
• obesity
• personalized nutrition
• precision nutrition

• Body Weight/genetics
• COVID-19/epidemiology
• Cohort Studies
• Epigenomics/methods
• Female
• Genomics/methods
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Pandemics
• Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
• Retrospective Studies
• SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification
• Weight Loss/physiology
• Weight Reduction Programs/methods

• Indigenous
• brief intervention
• multiple health behaviours
• nutrition
• physical activity
• primary health care
• program evaluation
• smoking
• workforce development

• Crisis Intervention
• Health Risk Behaviors
• Health Services, Indigenous
• Humans
• Program Evaluation
• Queensland
• Retrospective Studies

• Caribbean
• Trinidad and Tobago
• health literacy
• interactive health literacy
• men’s health

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Aged
• Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
• Health Literacy/statistics & numerical data
• Health Services/statistics & numerical data
• Humans
• Male
• Masculinity
• Men's Health
• Middle Aged
• Surveys and Questionnaires
• Telemedicine
• Trinidad and Tobago

• Health engagement
• Healthcare
• Men
• Men’s sheds
• Public health

Physical activity is a critical component of lifestyle interventions to reduce body weight and maintain weight loss. The goal of this study was to examine the motivations to exercise in young men following a 5-month residential weight loss programme conducted in the Singapore military as part of National Service.

We conducted a sequential mixed methods study starting with three focus groups comprising 21 programme instructors. Fifteen former programme participants aged 20.8 years (±1.4) with an average body mass index (BMI) of 29.3 kg/m² (±4.6) were interviewed in-depth over a total duration of 9 h. Another 487 current programme participants aged 20.8 years (±1.1), BMI 27.1 kg/m² (±2.6), completed a survey on weight loss, physical fitness, and motivations to exercise using the Behaviours Regulating Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3). Qualitative data was coded thematically using the six constructs of exercise motivation described by self-determination theory: amotivation, external, introjected, identified and integrated regulation and intrinsic motivation. Quotes from interviewees were cross-tabulated according to their weight maintenance trajectories. BREQ-3 responses were analysed according to initial body mass index (BMI), percentage weight loss and fitness.

Over the course of the residential programme interview and survey participants experienced an average weight loss of 15.6 kg (±6.5) and 13.0 kg (±5.4) respectively. Among the fifteen interviewees seven had gained no more than 34% of initial weight loss 6 months after completing the programme while another eight had gained more than 51%. We elicited three key themes from the data: (1) Barriers to exercise; (2) diminishing extrinsic motivation; and (3) unidentified exercise benefits. The integration of findings uncovered reinforcing motivational patterns in the areas of health, fitness, camaraderie and identified regulation. Narratives of self-acceptance and shift-work environments gave rise to potentially deleterious motivational patterns. Our findings suggest that successful transition from a residential programme to independent weight management requires a more deliberate pivot from predominantly extrinsic to intrinsic motivational approaches.

Residential programmes such as the one investigated here, should develop a deliberate transition strategy, replace weight loss targets with physical performance goals and promote sports that are appropriate for young men affected by overweight and obesity.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10373-z.

• BREQ-3
• Motivations to exercise
• Overweight & obesity
• Weight loss maintenance
• Young men

• brief opportunistic intervention
• gender
• primary care
• randomized controlled trial
• weight loss

• Crisis Intervention
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Obesity/therapy
• Primary Health Care
• Sex Factors
• Weight Reduction Programs

• NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and CLAHRC Oxford
• NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre
• MR/J000515/1 Medical Research Council
• Medical Research Council
• NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre

• Aging
• BASE-II
• Berlin Aging Study II
• Gender
• Gender score
• Sex

• Aged
• Aging
• Female
• Humans
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Neuroticism
• Personality
• Retrospective Studies
• Sex Characteristics

• 01GL1716A Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
• 01GL1716A Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
• 01GL1716B Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung

Men, particularly those living in disadvantaged areas, are less likely to participate in weight management programmes than women despite similar levels of excess weight. Little is known about how best to recruit men to weight management interventions. This paper describes patient and public involvement in pre-trial decisions relevant to recruitment and aims to report on recruitment to the subsequent men-only weight management feasibility trial, including the: i) acceptability and feasibility of recruitment; and ii) baseline sample characteristics by recruitment strategy.

Men with BMI ≥30 kg/m² and/or waist circumference ≥ 40 in. were recruited to the feasibility trial via two strategies; community outreach (venue information stands and word of mouth) and GP letters, targeting disadvantaged areas. Recruitment activities (e.g. letters sent, researcher venue hours) were recorded systematically, and baseline characteristics questionnaire data collated. Qualitative interviews (n = 50) were conducted three months post-recruitment. Analyses and reporting followed a complementary mixed methods approach.

105 men were recruited within four months (community n = 60, GP letter n = 45). Community outreach took 2.3 recruiter hours per participant and GP letters had an opt-in rate of 10.2% (n = 90/879). More men were interested than could be accommodated. Most participants (60%) lived in more disadvantaged areas. Compared to community outreach, men recruited via GP letters were older (mean = 57 vs 48 years); more likely to report an obesity-related co-morbidity (87% vs 44%); and less educated (no formal qualifications, 32% vs 10%, degree educated 11% vs 41%). Recruitment strategies were acceptable, a sensitive approach and trusting relationships with recruiters valued, and the ‘catchy’ study name drew attention.

Targeted community outreach and GP letters were acceptable strategies that successfully recruited participants to a men-only weight management feasibility trial. Both strategies engaged men from disadvantaged areas, a typically underserved population. Using two recruitment strategies produced samples with different health risk profiles, which could add value to research where either primary or secondary prevention is of interest. Further work is required to examine how these strategies could be implemented and sustained in practice.

ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03040518, 2nd February 2017.

• Community outreach
• Financial incentives
• Health inequalities
• Obesity
• Primary care
• Randomised feasibility trial
• Recruitment
• SMS
• Weight management

• clinical trial
• diet
• digital behavioral interventions
• focus group
• health
• health behavior
• mobile food record
• mobile phone
• obesity
• physical activity
• qualitative research
• sedentary behavior
• wearable activity monitor

• Hispanic
• Latino
• child
• fathers
• feasibility
• obesity