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Özdemir H. Clinical characteristics of male lymphedema: A single center-experience. Phlebology 2025:2683555241313014. [PMID: 39819184 DOI: 10.1177/02683555241313014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of male patients. METHODS Retrospective data were collected from the files of 52 male patients with lymphedema. Duration, diagnostic category, localization and stage of lymphedema, and complaints were analyzed and reported. In addition, subgroups based on age, lymphedema etiology and cellulite history were compared in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics. RESULTS The most common cause of lymphedema was chronic venous insufficiency (32.7%), followed by cancer-related lymphedema (30.8%). The location of the lymphedema varied, with 46.2% having it in the unilateral lower extremity, 32.7% in both lower extremities, and smaller percentages in the upper extremities, genital area, and head and neck. The median duration of lymphedema was 12 months, and the most common referral source was cardiovascular surgeons. The most common symptoms reported were swelling and feeling of heaviness. Approximately 23.1% of patients had a history of cellulitis. Non-cancer related lymphedema patients had higher body mass index and longer duration, and a third of them had a history of cellulitis, unlike cancer-related lymphedema patients. CONCLUSION It is crucial to acknowledge that lymphedema can also affect men. Prompt diagnosis of men with potential risk factors, such as chronic venous insufficiency and cancer, is vital to prevent lymphedema and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hande Özdemir
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Türkiye
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Jabbour G, Sellami M, Iancu HD. Plasma volume variations in response to high intensity interval training in obese women: The influential role of menopausal status and age. Exp Gerontol 2025; 199:112664. [PMID: 39701433 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2024] [Revised: 12/05/2024] [Accepted: 12/16/2024] [Indexed: 12/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on plasma volume (PV) variations in obese women, with a focus on understanding how menopausal status and age influence these changes. METHODS We enrolled fifty-nine obese women (perimenopausal and postmenopausal), aged approximately 56.6 years in a six-week HIIT program. Measurements of fitness, health, and PV were taken before and after the intervention. PV was assessed at two points during each session: at post-warm-up (PV1), and immediately post-training (PV2). These measurements were derived using hematocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb) values. RESULTS The intervention led to notable reductions in anthropometric measures and blood pressure (P < 0.01). For all women pre- and post-HIIT comparisons revealed significant differences in the extent of PV reduction at all two points (P < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age was a significant contributor to the decreases in plasma volume (PV) observed both after warm-up and following the supramaximal cycling test - SCT (r = 0.44 and r = 0.57). On the other hand, menopause status was an independent predictor for PV decreases after warm-up (r = 0.33) as well after SCT (r = 0.38). Following HIIT, only menopause status accounted for 19 % of the variation in PV decreases after warm-up and 21 % of the variation in PV decreases after SCT. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that HIIT is effective in enhancing plasma volume among obese menopausal women, attenuating the age-related decline in PV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Jabbour
- Sport Coaching Department, College of Sport Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Maha Sellami
- Sport Coaching Department, College of Sport Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Horia-Daniel Iancu
- School of Kinesiology and Leisure, University of Moncton, Moncton, Canada
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Wang C, Zhao J, Zhou Q, Li J. Serum vitamin C levels and their correlation with chronic kidney disease in adults: a nationwide study. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2298079. [PMID: 38186336 PMCID: PMC10776057 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2298079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammation and oxidative stress play significant roles in the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Given the recognized antioxidant properties of vitamin C, our study aimed to explore the correlation between CKD and serum vitamin C levels. METHODS Data were gathered from the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants below 18 years of age, pregnant individuals, those lacking essential data for CKD diagnosis, or individuals with incomplete serum vitamin C data were excluded. Subgroup and weighted multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the potential correlation between serum vitamin C and CKD. RESULTS Our study comprised 4969 participants, revealing an overall CKD prevalence of 15.0%. The results indicated that individuals with reduced serum vitamin C levels were more likely to be male, possess lower educational attainment, have a diminished poverty-income ratio, engage in heavy drinking, and be current smokers. Additionally, they exhibited a higher prevalence of obesity and diabetes. Significantly, participants in the third quartile group experienced a 37.0%, 47.0%, and 46.6% decrease in the risk of developing albuminuria, low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and CKD, respectively. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that individuals between 65 and 80 years of age showed a statistically reduced risk of developing CKD and low eGFR when their serum vitamin C levels fell in the third and fourth quartile groups. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal a correlation between elevated serum vitamin C levels and a decreased risk of developing albuminuria, low eGFR, and CKD. Appropriately increasing serum vitamin C levels may hold promise in protecting renal function, particularly among older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Wang
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jili Zhao
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Zhou
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Aydin A, Goktas Aydin S. A Case-Control Study of the Correlation Between Blood Parameters and Obesity. Cureus 2024; 16:e69809. [PMID: 39429354 PMCID: PMC11491136 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.69809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has become a global health crisis in adults, and is linked to conditions like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. This study explored associations between body mass index (BMI) and laboratory parameters in healthy individuals to identify risk factors and guide targeted interventions in Turkey. It was found that screening and lifestyle changes can help prevent and manage obesity-related health issues. METHODS This retrospective case-control study analyzed 2153 adult participants using medical records between 2021 and 2024. The study included those with good overall health; those under 18 years of age or had organ failure, chronic metabolic disorders, obesity complications, or were on multiple obesity-related medications were excluded. Data collected included demographic details, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), BMI, and laboratory findings. Statistical analyses, including Pearson and Spearman correlations, Mann-Whitney U test and t test, and receiver operating characteristic analysis, were performed using SPSS 24.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). RESULTS The study, comprising 1016 men and 1137 women, revealed that 31.8% of adults were obese. Gender disparities were evident, with a higher prevalence of obesity observed in women: 76.5%, 68.8%, and 45.3% for classes 1, 2, and 3, respectively, compared to corresponding rates of 23.5%, 31.2%, and 54.7% in men. BMI significantly correlated with WHR. Despite the disparity between BMI and WHR between men and women, positive correlations were found between BMI and age (r=0.4) and serum uric acid (SUA) levels (r=0.5). The Mann-Whitney U test also demonstrated a significant association between BMI and fasting plasma glucose level, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), uric acid, platelet count, and lymphocyte count (all p values<0.005). Despite the poor correlation with BMI, SUA levels emerged as a potential obesity predictor, with a 4.1 mg/dl cutoff value, exhibiting 50% sensitivity and 34% specificity (p<0.001; area under the curve, or AUC, 0.67; 95% CI 0.65-0.70). There was no significant link between BMI and aspartate aminotransferase, hemoglobin, mean platelet volume, neutrophil and lymphocyte count, vitamin D, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and free thyroxine 4 levels. CONCLUSION This study found significant associations between BMI and laboratory parameters, including serum uric acid, fasting glucose, LDL, triglycerides, and ALT. WHR was also closely linked to BMI, with notable gender differences in body composition. These significant findings underscore the complex nature of obesity and highlight the importance of gender-specific considerations and biomarkers in research and management strategies that are crucial for understanding and addressing this global health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Aydin
- Internal Medicine, Medipol University Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
| | - Sabin Goktas Aydin
- Medical Oncology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TUR
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Abd El Mawgod MM, Mohammad H, Abdulsattar ZA, Abdulrehman A, Almaradhi FA, Alenzi YM, Alanazi AM, Alanazi AA. The Association Between BMI and Cardiorespiratory Functions Among Medical Students at Northern Border University. Cureus 2024; 16:e63191. [PMID: 39070370 PMCID: PMC11281857 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiorespiratory function is one of the key health indicators that promote good health. Knowing the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and cardiorespiratory functioning might assist in the creation of evidence-based therapies that focus on addressing difficulties associated with obesity. OBJECTIVE To assess the correlation between BMI and cardiorespiratory functions among medical students at Northern Border University. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students at Northern Border University, Saudi Arabia. The blood pressure (BP), respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulse pressure (PP), and BMI of the students were measured. RESULTS The mean age of the students was 17.1 ± 1.9 years. Nearly 40% of students were overweight or obese. Our study revealed a significant positive correlation between BMI and BP, RR, tidal volume (TV), and MAP. CONCLUSIONS The correlation analysis of our study revealed a significant positive correlation of BMI with BP, RR, TV, and MAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Abd El Mawgod
- Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, SAU
- Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, EGY
| | - Hassan Mohammad
- Anatomy, College of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, SAU
| | | | | | - Fahad A Almaradhi
- Medicine, College of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, SAU
| | - Yousef M Alenzi
- Medicine, College of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, SAU
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Jung CH, Mok JO. Recent Updates on Associations among Various Obesity Metrics and Cognitive Impairment: from Body Mass Index to Sarcopenic Obesity. J Obes Metab Syndr 2022; 31:287-295. [PMID: 36530066 PMCID: PMC9828704 DOI: 10.7570/jomes22058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and obesity-associated morbidity continues to be a major public health issue worldwide. Dementia is also a major health concern in aging societies and its prevalence has increased rapidly. Many epidemiologic studies have shown an association between obesity and cognitive impairment, but this relationship is not as well established as other comorbidities. Conflicting results related to the age and sex of participants, and the methodology used to define obesity and dementia may account for the uncertainty in whether obesity is a modifiable risk factor for dementia. More recently, sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity have been reported to be associated with cognitive impairment. In addition, new mediators such as the muscle-myokine-brain axis and gut-microbiota-brain axis have been suggested and are attracting interest. In this review, we summarize recent evidence on the link between obesity and cognitive impairment, especially dementia. In particular, we focus on various metrics of obesity, from body mass index to sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Hee Jung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Ji-Oh Mok
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Bucheon, Korea,Corresponding author Ji-Oh Mok https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4882-1206 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon 14584, Korea Tel: +82-32-621-5156 Fax: +82-32-621-5016 E-mail:
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An exploratory identification of biological markers of chronic musculoskeletal pain in the low back, neck, and shoulders. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266999. [PMID: 35427389 PMCID: PMC9012384 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study was an in-depth exploration of unique data from a nationally representative sample of adults living in the United States to identify biomarkers associated with musculoskeletal pain. Methods We performed secondary analyses of 2003–2004 NHANES data. After a first screening of 187 markers, analyses of 31 biomarkers were conducted on participants aged ≥20 years identified in all counties using the 2000 Census Bureau data (n = 4,742). To assess the association of each biomarker with each pain outcome (acute, subacute and chronic low back, neck, and shoulder pain), analyses were carried out using multivariable logistic regression with adjustments for sex, age and body mass index. Biomarkers were considered as continuous variables and categorized at the median of their distributions. Results Pain at any site for ≥24 hours during the past month was reported by 1,214 participants. Of these, 779 mentioned that the pain had lasted for ≥3 months (“chronic pain”). α-carotene, ascorbic acid, β-carotene, mercury and total protein had a statistically significant, inverse association with ≥2 chronic pain sites. Acrylamide, alkaline phosphatase, cadmium, cotinine, glycidamide, homocysteine, retinol, triglycerides and white blood cell count were positively associated with ≥2 chronic pain sites. Few biological markers were associated with acute and subacute pain. Conclusions This study identified some biomarkers that were strongly and consistently associated with musculoskeletal pain. These results raise new hypotheses and could have tremendous implications for advancing knowledge in the field. Research on musculoskeletal pain needs to put more effort on the biological dimension of the biopsychosocial model of pain.
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Shah H, Mali S, Ranga S, Jadhav C, Rukadikar A, Singh AK, Shamnani G. Effect of body mass index on cardiorespiratory parameters among medical students: a cross-sectional study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 14:4-9. [PMID: 35310861 PMCID: PMC8918606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a global crisis due to its significant contribution to mortality and morbidity. This study discovered an association between body mass index (BMI) with pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and aerobic capacity (VO2 max) in medical students of Zydus Medical College and Hospital, Dahod, Gujarat. AIM The study aimed to determine the effect of obesity on cardiopulmonary health of medical students. OBJECTIVES The study objectives were as follows: 1. To compare PFT parameters and VO2 max between obese and non-obese students. 2. To study the correlation of BMI with PFTs and VO2 max. MATERIAL AND METHODS BMI was calculated with the formula BMI = weight/height2. PFTs were assessed with computerized spirometry. Aerobic capacity was calculated with Astrand 6-minute Cycle Test. Statistical analysis was done with unpaired t-test. RESULTS This study found a significant difference in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 minute (FEV1), slow vital capacity (SVC), maximum ventilatory volume (MVV), and VO2 max between obese and non-obese students (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between BMI and forced mid-expiratory flow (FEF25-75), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), MVV, SVC, expiratory reserve volume (ERV), and MVV and negative correlation with FVC, FEV1, lung age, and VO2 max in non-obese students. There was also a positive correlation between BMI and PEFR, SVC, FVC, FEV1, lung age, MVV, ERV, and a negative correlation with FEF25-75 and VO2 max in obese students. CONCLUSION As BMI is inversely related to cardiopulmonary function, students having high BMI can be motivated toward a healthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Snehalata Mali
- Department of Physiology, MIMSR Medical CollegeLatur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Surbhi Ranga
- Department of Physiology College of Dental Science & Research CentreAhmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Atul Rukadikar
- Department of Microbiology, AIIMSGorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Kant Singh
- Department of Physiology, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical SciencesSaifai, Etawah Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Geeta Shamnani
- Department of Physiology, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Government Medical CollegeVidisha, India
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Pitrou I, Vasiliadis HM, Hudon C. Body mass index and cognitive decline among community-living older adults: the modifying effect of physical activity. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2022; 19:3. [PMID: 35033022 PMCID: PMC8903608 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-022-00284-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the associations between BMI categories and subsequent 3-year cognitive decline among older adults, and to test whether physical activity modifies the associations. Methods Study sample included n = 1028 cognitively unimpaired older adults participating in the Étude sur la Santé des Aînés (ESA)-Services longitudinal study and followed 3 years later. Cognitive decline was defined as a decrease of > 3 points in MMSE scores between baseline and follow-up. BMI categories (normal weight (reference), underweight, overweight, obese) were derived from self-reported weight and height. Moderate to vigorous physical activity of ≥20 min (# of times per week) was self-reported. The presence of chronic disorders was ascertained from administrative and self-reported data. Logistic regression analyses were used to study the risk of cognitive decline associated with BMI categories stratified by weekly physical activity (≥140 min), the presence of metabolic, cardiovascular and anxio-depressive disorders. Results In the overall sample, there was no evidence that underweight, overweight, or obesity, as compared to normal weight, was associated with cognitive decline, after adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle factors, and comorbidities. Individuals with overweight reporting high physical activity had lower odds of cognitive decline (OR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.07–0.89), whereas no association was observed in individuals with overweight reporting low physical activity (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.41–1.75). Among participants with metabolic and cardiovascular disorders, individuals with overweight reporting high physical activity had lower odds of cognitive decline (OR = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.01–0.59 and OR = 0.03, 95% CI = 0.01–0.92 respectively), whereas no association was observed in those with low physical activity. Conclusion Physical activity modifies the association between overweight and cognitive decline in older adults overall, as in those with metabolic and cardiovascular disorders. Results highlight the importance of promoting and encouraging regular physical activity in older adults with overweight as prevention against cognitive decline. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s11556-022-00284-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Pitrou
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Charles-Le Moyne Research Center (CRCLM), 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, J4K 0A8, Canada.
| | - Helen-Maria Vasiliadis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Charles-Le Moyne Research Center (CRCLM), 150 Place Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, QC, J4K 0A8, Canada
| | - Carol Hudon
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, CERVO Brain Research Center, 2601 chemin de la Canardière (F-2400), Québec, QC, G1J 2G3, Canada
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Saranteas T, Souvatzoglou R, Kostroglou A, Sioutis S, Christodoulaki K, Koulalis D, Soulioti E, Papadimos T, Mavrogenis A. A lumbar paravertebral space ultrasound lumbar plexus block technique for hip fracture surgery in the elderly. J Long Term Eff Med Implants 2022; 32:65-71. [DOI: 10.1615/jlongtermeffmedimplants.2022042501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Ilodibia TF, Odia JO. Evaluation of the Seattle and International Criteria in elite Nigerian athletes. J Electrocardiol 2021; 68:14-23. [PMID: 34273803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Seattle Criteria (SC) and International Criteria (IC) were both developed for cardiovascular pre-participation screening in young athletes. Neither set of Criteria has been systematically evaluated in high level indigenous black African athletes. OBJECTIVES (1) To determine the pattern of ECG findings in athletes of the University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria; (2) To determine the predictors of altered repolarization in these athletes; and (3) To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the SC and IC in these athletes. METHODS 77 athletes (42 males, 35 females) without any known cardiovascular disease were recruited alongside 78 similarly healthy non-athletic controls (44 males, 34 females). The two groups were matched for age, sex, and body mass index. Clinical assessment was according to the Lausanne Recommendations. All subjects underwent electrocardiography and echocardiography. Analysis with the IC was retrospective. RESULTS The most common physiological finding in the athletes was sinus bradycardia (n = 37; 48.1%). Early repolarization pattern, ERP (n = 27, 35.1% with SC; n = 42, 54.5% with IC), and dome-shaped ST-segment elevation with T-wave inversion (DSSTWI) in leads V1-4 (n = 21, 29.3% with both criteria), were also prevalent. Compared to controls, only male sex (adjusted odds ratio 2.89, 1.05 to 7.97, p = .040 with SC; OR 2.57, 1.19 to 5.53, p = .016 with IC) and ECG LVH (OR 2.82, 1.18 to 6.75, p = .020 with SC alone) independently predicted ERP, while athletic status (OR 4.76, 1.66 to 13.68, p = .004 with both criteria) alone had a significant multivariate association with DSSTWI. Three athletes (3.9%) had abnormal ECGs while two (2.6%) had major echocardiographic abnormalities. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the SC for structural cardiac disease in the athletes were 50.0% (1.3 to 98.7), 97.3% (90.7 to 99.7) and 96.1% (89.0 to 99.2) respectively. The respective figures for the IC were 50.0% (1.3 to 98.7), 98.7% (92.8 to 100) and 97.4% (90.9 to 99.7). CONCLUSION Both criteria showed high accuracy in this Black African cohort with a high frequency of electrocardiographic repolarization changes. While ERP seems to be primarily related to black ethnicity, DSSTWI appears to be a bona fide marker of Athlete's Heart in blacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tochukwu F Ilodibia
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, East-West Road, Opposite Alakahia Junction, Rivers State, PMB, 6173, Nigeria.
| | - James O Odia
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, East-West Road, Opposite Alakahia Junction, Rivers State, PMB, 6173, Nigeria
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Davison KM, Hyland CE, West ML, Lin SL, Tong H, Kobayashi KM, Fuller-Thomson E. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in mid-age and older adults differs by immigrant status and ethnicity, nutrition, and other determinants of health in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2021; 56:963-980. [PMID: 33533972 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-020-02003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to address knowledge gaps about post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in mid-age and older adults, with particular attention to the relationship of PTSD with nutrition and with ethnicity and immigrant status. METHODS Binary logistic regression analysis of weighted comprehensive cohort data from the baseline Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA; n = 27,211) was conducted using the four-item Primary Care-PTSD tool (outcome) and immigrant status by ethnicity (Canadian-born white, Canadian-born minority, immigrant white, immigrant minority). Covariates included various social, economic, nutrition and health-related variables. RESULTS After controlling for socioeconomic and health variables, immigrants from minority groups had significantly higher odds of PTSD compared to their Canadian-born counterparts, whereas white immigrants had lower odds of PTSD. These relationships were significantly robust across seven cluster-based regression models. After adjusting for ethnicity/immigrant status, the odds of PTSD were higher among those earning lower household incomes, widowed, divorced, or separated respondents, ever smokers, and those who had multi-morbidities, chronic pain, high nutritional risk, or who reported daily consumptions of pastries, pulses and nuts, or chocolate. Conversely, those 55 years and over, who had high waist-to-height ratio, or who consumed 2-3 fiber sources daily had significantly lower odds of PTSD. CONCLUSION Interventions aimed at managing PTSD in mid-age and older adults should consider ethnicity, immigrant status, as well as socioeconomic, health, and nutrition status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Davison
- Faculty of Social Science, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA.,Faculty of Science and Horticulture (Health Science), Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Surrey, BC, Canada
| | - Christina E Hyland
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street W, Toronto, ON, M5S 1V4, Canada
| | - Meghan L West
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street W, Toronto, ON, M5S 1V4, Canada
| | - Shen Lamson Lin
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street W, Toronto, ON, M5S 1V4, Canada.,Institute for Life Course & Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hongmei Tong
- Faculty of Health and Community Studies, MacEwan University, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Karen M Kobayashi
- Faculty of Social Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Esme Fuller-Thomson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street W, Toronto, ON, M5S 1V4, Canada. .,Institute for Life Course & Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Hörnberg K, Pomeroy J, Sandberg C, Ångström L, Södergren A, Sundström B. Isotemporal Substitution of Time Between Sleep and Physical Activity: Associations With Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis. ACR Open Rheumatol 2021; 3:138-146. [PMID: 33570840 PMCID: PMC7966882 DOI: 10.1002/acr2.11225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine relationships between objectively measured nightly sleep, sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Furthermore, we aimed to estimate consequences for these risk factors of theoretical displacements of 30 minutes per day in one behavior with the same duration of time in another. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 78 patients with early RA. Nightly sleep, SB, LPA, and MVPA were assessed by a combined heart rate and accelerometer monitor. Associations with risk factors for CVD were analyzed using linear regression models and consequences of reallocating time between the behaviors by isotemporal substitution modeling. RESULTS Median (Q1-Q3) nightly sleep duration was 4.6 (3.6-5.8) hours. Adjusted for monitor wear time, age, and sex, 30-minutes-longer sleep duration was associated with favorable changes in the values β (95% confidence interval [CI]) for waist circumference by -2.2 (-3.5, -0.9) cm, body mass index (BMI) by -0.9 (-1.4, -0.4) kg/m2 , body fat by -1.5 (-2.3, -0.8)%, fat-free mass by 1.6 (0.8, 2.3)%, sleeping heart rate by -0.8 (-1.5, -0.1) beats per minute, and systolic blood pressure by -2.5 (-4.0, -1.0) mm Hg. Thirty-minute decreases in SB, LPA, or MVPA replaced with increased sleep was associated with decreased android fat and lower systolic blood pressure levels. Replacement of SB or LPA with MVPA yielded lower BMIs. CONCLUSION Shorter sleep during the night is common among patients with early RA and is associated with adverse risk factors for CVD.
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Acute cardiovascular health effects in a panel study of personal exposure to traffic-related air pollutants and noise in Toronto, Canada. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16703. [PMID: 33028877 PMCID: PMC7541521 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73412-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Urban populations are often simultaneously exposed to air pollution and environmental noise, which are independently associated with cardiovascular disease. Few studies have examined acute physiologic responses to both air and noise pollution using personal exposure measures. We conducted a repeated measures panel study of air pollution and noise in 46 non-smoking adults in Toronto, Canada. Data were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models and weighted cumulative exposure modeling of recent exposure. We examined acute changes in cardiovascular health effects of personal (ultrafine particles, black carbon) and regional (PM2.5, NO2, O3, Ox) measurements of air pollution and the role of personal noise exposure as a confounder of these associations. We observed adverse changes in subclinical cardiovascular outcomes in response to both air pollution and noise, including changes in endothelial function and heart rate variability (HRV). Our findings show that personal noise exposures can confound associations for air pollutants, particularly with HRV, and that impacts of air pollution and noise on HRV occur soon after exposure. Thus, both noise and air pollution have a measurable impact on cardiovascular physiology. Noise should be considered alongside air pollution in future studies to elucidate the combined impacts of these exposures in urban environments.
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Mondor L, Watson T, Kornas K, Bornbaum C, Wodchis WP, Rosella LC. Direct and indirect pathways between low income status and becoming a high-cost health care user in Ontario, Canada: a mediation analysis of health risk behaviors. Ann Epidemiol 2020; 51:28-34.e4. [PMID: 32739531 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated natural direct and indirect pathways between low-income status and high-cost user (HCU) transitions considering health risk behaviors as potential mediators. METHODS We analyzed data from respondents (aged 18+) from four pooled cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey (2005-2010/2011) linked to administrative data in Ontario, Canada. HCUs were defined as the top 5% of the population, ranked by cost consumption in any of the five years after survey interview. Low-income status was defined from the provincial distribution of self-reported household income, with missing values imputed from neighborhood-level data. In mediation analyses based on marginal structural models, we quantified the contributions of smoking, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, and body mass index to income-HCU associations. RESULTS 115,091 respondents (representative of 9,661,764 Ontarians) were included in the study, of which 7.2% became HCUs. The odds of becoming HCUs were 1.36 times (95% CI: 1.25-1.48) greater for low (vs. high) income status respondents. Smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and body mass index contributed 9.4%, 6.5%, 10.6%, and 4.4% to this association, respectively. Tests for exposure-mediator interactions were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Health risk behaviors only partially explain income inequalities in future HCU transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Mondor
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Health System Performance Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Kathy Kornas
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine Bornbaum
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Walter P Wodchis
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Health System Performance Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Better Health, Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura C Rosella
- ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Health System Performance Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Davison KM, Lung Y, Lin SL, Tong H, Kobayashi KM, Fuller-Thomson E. Psychological distress in older adults linked to immigrant status, dietary intake, and physical health conditions in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA). J Affect Disord 2020; 265:526-537. [PMID: 32090781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological distress increases mortality risk; there is little knowledge about its prevelance and contributory factors in older populations. METHODS Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging baseline data (2010-2015) were analyzed to examine the relationship between Kessler's Psychological Distress Scale-K10 and immigrant status (recent/mid-term,<20 years; long-term, ≥20 years; Canadian-born). Covariates included socioeconomic and health-related variables. Stratified by sex, two series of multinomial logistic regression were used to calculate the likelihood of having mild distress (20 < K10 score ≤24) and moderate/severe distress (K10 score >24). RESULTS Respondents (n = 25,700) were mainly Canadian-born (82.8%), 45-65 years (59.3%), earning <C$100,000/year (58.2%), and had a post-secondary education (78.4%). For women, psychological distress was associated with being a recent/mid-term immigrant(OR=1.76, 99% CI 1.09-2.83), marital status (widowed/divorced/separated, OR=1.62, 99% CI 1.19-2.20), lower education level (<secondary school; OR = 1.95, 99% CI 1.32-2.88), lower intake of fruit and vegetable (≤ 2/day; OR=1.50, 99% CI 1.05-2.14), higher waist-to-height ratio (>cut-off; OR=1.32, 99% CI 1.02-1.70), and higher nutritional risk (ORs = 2.16-3.31, p's <0.001). For men, psychological distress was associated with under-nutrition (grip strength<cut-off, OR=1.57, 99% CI 1.14-2.16). For men and women, psychological distress was associated with age (>56 years, ORs=0.19-0.79, p's<0.01), lower income (≤C$149,000, ORs = 1.68-7.79, p's<0.01), multi-morbidities (ORs = 1.67-4.70, p's<0.01), chronic pain (ORs = 1.67-3.09, p's<0.001) and higher intake of chocolate (≥ 0.6 bar/week, ORs=1.61-2.23, p's<0.001). LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional design prohibits causal inferences. CONCLUSIONS Nutritional factors, immigration status, social, and health-related problems are strongly associated with psychological distress among midlife and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Davison
- Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Canada; University of Hawai'i, USA.
| | - Yu Lung
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work & Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street W, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1V4, Canada.
| | - Shen Lamson Lin
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work & Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street W, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1V4, Canada.
| | | | | | - Esme Fuller-Thomson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work & Institute for Life Course and Aging, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street W, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1V4, Canada; Department of Family & Community Medicine and Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Canada.
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Dağ F, Taş S, Kaynak BA, Bölgen Çimen O. Temporomandibular dysfunction affects aerobic capacity in females: A preliminary study. Cranio 2020; 40:113-118. [PMID: 32155115 DOI: 10.1080/08869634.2020.1739190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the aerobic capacity in patients with temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) and to compare the results with those of the asymptomatic individuals.Methods: The TMD group included a total of 31 females between the ages of 18 and 25 years. The control group consisted of 31 asymptomatic females with an age range of 18 to 27 years. A graded exercise test was performed using an electronically braked arm crank ergometer. An indirect calorimeter system was used to calculate the peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). In addition, peak heart rate (HRpeak) and respiratory quotient were calculated for each participant.Results: The TMD group had lower VO2peak (p = 0.017) and HRpeak (p = 0.012) in aerobic capacity tests; however, respiratory quotient was similar in both groups (p = 0.446).Discussion: The TMD group had lower aerobic capacity compared to the asymptomatic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Figen Dağ
- School of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Serkan Taş
- School of Health Science, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Toros University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Besime Ahu Kaynak
- School of Health Science, Department of Health Management, Toros University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Bölgen Çimen
- School of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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Ångström L, Hörnberg K, Sundström B, Jonsson SW, Södergren A. Aerobic capacity is associated with disease activity and cardiovascular risk factors in early rheumatoid arthritis. PHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 25:e1833. [PMID: 31913553 PMCID: PMC7378948 DOI: 10.1002/pri.1833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate aerobic capacity and its associations with disease activity and risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods This cross‐sectional study included 67 patients with early RA. Aerobic capacity was estimated with the Åstrand submaximal test adjusted according to the Nord‐Tröndelag Health Study formula. The following were also assessed: subclinical atherosclerosis by carotid intima‐media thickness and pulse wave analysis; body composition by dual X‐ray absorptiometry; estimated CVD mortality risk by the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation; disease activity by the Disease Activity Score 28, C‐reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate; blood lipids by total cholesterol, low‐density lipoproteins, high‐density lipoproteins, and triglycerides; and functional ability by the Stanford health assessment questionnaire. Univariate and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to explore the associations between variables. Results The mean (SD) aerobic capacity was 31.6 (8.7) ml O2−1 kg min−1. Disease activity and risk factors for CVD were more favourable for patients with aerobic capacity above the median value. Aerobic capacity was associated with ESR and several CVD risk factors, independent of age and sex. In a multiple regression model that was adjusted for age and sex, aerobic capacity was significantly associated with per cent body fat (β = −0.502, 95% CI [−0.671, −0.333]) and triglycerides (β = −2.365, 95% CI [−4.252, −0.479]). Conclusions Disease activity and risk factors for CVD were in favour for patients with a higher aerobic capacity. Aerobic capacity was associated with disease activity and several risk factors for CVD, independent of age and sex. In RA, these findings may provide insights into the benefits of using aerobic capacity as a marker to prevent CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Ångström
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Rheumatology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Kristina Hörnberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Rheumatology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Björn Sundström
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Rheumatology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Anna Södergren
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Rheumatology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine (WCMM), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Taş S, Ünlüer NÖ, Çetin A. Thickness, cross-sectional area, and stiffness of intrinsic foot muscles affect performance in single-leg stance balance tests in healthy sedentary young females. J Biomech 2019; 99:109530. [PMID: 31785820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of thickness, cross-sectional area and stiffness of intrinsic foot muscles on performance in single-leg stance balance tasks in healthy sedentary young females. This study included a total of 40 healthy sedentary young females between the ages of 19 and 35 years. Single-leg stance balance assessments were carried out using Biodex Balance Systems (Biodex Medical Systems, Shirley, NY, USA). Performance in the single-leg stance balance tests was assessed using the overall stability index (OSI), mediolateral stability index (MLSI) and the anteroposterior stability index (APSI). Lower scores indicated better postural stability. Stiffness, thickness and cross-sectional area measurements of the abductor hallucis (AbH), flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) and flexor hallucis brevis (FHB) muscles were performed using an ultrasonography device. Larger AbH and FHB muscles were correlated with higher OSI, APSI, and MLSI (r = 0.31-0.46, p < 0.05), whereas larger FDB muscle was correlated with higher OSI and MLSI (r = 0.28-0.38, p < 0.05). Higher stiffness of the AbH and FHB muscles were correlated with lower OSI, APSI, and MLSI (r = -0.32 to 0.58, p < 0.05), but stiffness of the FDB muscle was not significantly correlated with OSI, APSI, and MLSI (r = 0.03-0.22, p ˃ 0.05). These results suggest that larger AbH, FDB and FHB muscles are related to reduced performance in single-leg stance balance tests, whereas higher AbH and FHB stiffness are related to better performance in single-leg stance balance tests in healthy sedentary young females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Taş
- Toros University, School of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, 33140 Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Nezehat Özgül Ünlüer
- Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, 06010 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Alp Çetin
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
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Hörnberg K, Pomeroy J, Sandberg C, Södergren A, Ångström L, Sundström B, Wållberg Jonsson S. Physical activity in rheumatoid arthritis: relationship to cardiovascular risk factors, subclinical atherosclerosis, and disease activity. Scand J Rheumatol 2019; 49:112-121. [DOI: 10.1080/03009742.2019.1657491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Hörnberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
| | - J Pomeroy
- Clinical Research Center, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield Clinic Health System, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - C Sandberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
| | - A Södergren
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
| | - L Ångström
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
| | - B Sundström
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
| | - S Wållberg Jonsson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
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Davison KM, Lung Y, Lin SL, Tong H, Kobayashi KM, Fuller-Thomson E. Depression in middle and older adulthood: the role of immigration, nutrition, and other determinants of health in the Canadian longitudinal study on aging. BMC Psychiatry 2019; 19:329. [PMID: 31690283 PMCID: PMC6833158 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-019-2309-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about depression in middle-aged and older Canadians and how it is affected by health determinants, particularly immigrant status. This study examined depression and socio-economic, health, immigration and nutrition-related factors in older adults. METHODS Using weighted comprehensive cohort data from the baseline Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (n = 27,162) of adults aged 45-85, gender-specific binary logistic regression was conducted with the cross-sectional data using the following variables: 1) Depression (outcome) measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression (CESD-10) rating scale; 2) Immigration status: native-born, recent and mid-term (< 20 years), and long-term immigrants (≥20 years); and 3) covariates: socioeconomic status, physical health (e.g., multi-morbidity), health behavior (e.g., substance use), over-nutrition (e.g., anthropometrics), under-nutrition (e.g., nutrition risk), and dietary intake. RESULTS The sample respondents were mainly Canadian-born (82.6%), women (50.6%), 56-65 years (58.9%), earning between C$50,000-99,999 (33.2%), and in a relationship (69.4%). When compared to Canadian-born residents, recent, mid-term (< 20 years), and longer-term (≥ 20 years) immigrant women were more likely to report depression and this relationship was robust to adjustments for 32 covariates (adjusted ORs = 1.19, 2.54, respectively, p < 0.001). For women, not completing secondary school (OR = 1.23, p < 0.05), stage 1 hypertension (OR = 1.31, p < 0.001), chronic pain (OR = 1.79, p < 0.001), low fruit/vegetable intakes (OR = 1.33, p < 0.05), and fruit juice (OR = 1.80, p < 0.001), chocolate (ORs = 1.15-1.66, p's < 0.05), or salty snack (OR = 1.19, p < 0.05) consumption were associated with depression. For all participants, lower grip strength (OR = 1.25, p < 0.001) and high nutritional risk (OR = 2.24, p < 0.001) were associated with depression. For men, being in a relationship (OR = 0.62, p < 0.001), completing post-secondary education (OR = 0.82, p < 0.05), higher fat (ORs = 0.67-83, p's < 0.05) and omega-3 egg intake (OR = 0.86, p < 0.05) as well as moderate intakes of fruits/vegetables and calcium/high vitamin D sources (ORs = 0.71-0.743, p's < 0.05) predicted a lower likelihood of depression. For men, chronic conditions (ORs = 1.36-3.65, p's < 0.001), chronic pain (OR = 1.86, p < 0.001), smoking (OR = 1.17, p < 0.001), or chocolate consumption (ORs = 1.14-1.72, p's < 0.05) predicted a higher likelihood of depression. CONCLUSIONS The odds of developing depression were highest among immigrant women. Depression in middle-aged and older adults is also associated with socioeconomic, physical, and nutritional factors and the relationships differ by sex. These results provide insights for mental health interventions specific to adults aged 45-85.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Davison
- Faculty of Social Science, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
- Faculty of Science and Horticulture (Health Science), Kwantlen Polytechnic University, Surrey, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yu Lung
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shen Lamson Lin
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Life Course & Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hongmei Tong
- Faculty of Health and Community Studies, MacEwan University, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Karen M Kobayashi
- Faculty of Social Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Esme Fuller-Thomson
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Institute for Life Course & Aging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Ugur K, Aydin S. Saliva and Blood Asprosin Hormone Concentration Associated with Obesity. Int J Endocrinol 2019; 2019:2521096. [PMID: 31049060 PMCID: PMC6458951 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2521096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim was to investigate the amounts of saliva and serum asprosin in order to determine whether it is related to obesity and whether salivary glands synthesize asprosin or not. METHODS A total of 116 underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese (class I, class II, and class III) volunteers participated in the study. Saliva and blood samples were collected simultaneously from the participants. The amounts of asprosin in saliva, salivary gland tissue supernatants, and bloods were determined by ELISA, whereas asprosin synthesis sites of salivary gland tissues were determined immunohistochemically. RESULTS The amount of asprosin from the lowest to the highest was in the order as follows: underweight, normal weight (control), overweight, and obese classes I and III. The lowest level of asprosin was detected in underweight individuals. It was also found that the interlobular striated ducts and the interlobular ducts of the submandibular and parotid salivary glands produce asprosin. According to these data, the asprosin level is related with obesity as the amount increases in accordance with increasing body mass index (BMI). On the other hand, there is also a relationship between the underweight and asprosin because the amount decreases with BMI decrease. CONCLUSIONS Asprosin, a new adipokine, may be a novel indicator of adipose tissue mass. Therefore, we anticipate that antiasprosin preparations may be an alternative in the treatment of obesity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kader Ugur
- Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism Diseases), School of Medicine, Fırat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Aydin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, (Firat Hormones Research Group), Medical School, Fırat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey
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The Association between Plasma Omega-6/Omega-3 Ratio and Anthropometric Traits Differs by Racial/Ethnic Groups and NFKB1 Genotypes in Healthy Young Adults. J Pers Med 2019; 9:jpm9010013. [PMID: 30781516 PMCID: PMC6462983 DOI: 10.3390/jpm9010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence for a relationship between omega-6/omega-3 (n-6/n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio and obesity in humans is inconsistent, perhaps due to differences in dietary intake or metabolism of PUFAs between different subsets of the population. Since chronic inflammation is central to obesity and inflammatory pathways are regulated by PUFAs, the objective of this study was to examine whether variants in the NFKB1 gene, an upstream regulator of the inflammatory response, modify the association between the n-6/n-3 ratio (from diet and plasma) and anthropometric traits in a multiethnic/multiracial population of young adults. Participants' (n = 898) dietary PUFA intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and plasma PUFA concentrations by gas chromatography. Nine tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in NFKB1 were genotyped. Significant interactions were found between racial/ethnic groups and plasma n-6/n-3 ratio for body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.02) and waist circumference (WC) (p = 0.007). Significant interactions were also observed between racial/ethnic groups and three NFKB1 genotypes (rs11722146, rs1609798, and rs230511) for BMI and WC (all p ≤ 0.04). Significant interactions were found between two NFKB1 genotypes and plasma n-6/n-3 ratio for BMI and WC (rs4648090 p = 0.02 and 0.03; rs4648022 p = 0.06 and 0.04, respectively). Our findings suggest that anthropometric traits may be influenced by a unique combination of n-6/n-3 ratio, racial/ethnic background, and NFKB1 genotypes.
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Ibrahim MM, Abuelmatty AM, Mohamed GH, Nasr MA, Hussein AK, Ebaed MED, Sarhan HA. Best tigecycline dosing for treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens in critically ill patients with different body weights. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:4171-4179. [PMID: 30584281 PMCID: PMC6290867 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s181834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background The intensive care unit (ICU) is a center of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. This is due to overuse of antibiotics in the treatment of critically ill patients. Tigecycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that belongs to the glycylcycline group. Tigecycline has been indicated in treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) and complicated skin and soft-tissue infections (cSSTIs). Objective This study was done to discover the best dose regimen of tigecycline in treatment of cSSTIs and cIAIs, especially in patients who are critically ill and obese, for clinical outcomes and safety. Setting The study was conducted in an adult ICU that consists of 25 beds in a general hospital and was conducted within 2 years. A total of 954 patients were screened in this study. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study that compared the clinical outcomes of patients: mortality, ICU stay, and safety of using two different dose regimens of tigecycline between patients with different body weight who were treated for infections caused by MDR pathogens in the ICU. The study was conducted within 2 years. All results were collected from patients’ files and were analyzed with SPSS version 20. Main outcome The study was implemented to figure out the best dose regimen of tigecycline to achieve a reduction in mortality, ICU stay, treatment duration, and secondary septic-shock incidence with minimum side effects in treatment of cSSTIs and cIAIs in patients with different body weight. Results There was a significant improvement in mortality, ICU stay, recurrent infection by the same organism, duration of tigecycline treatment, number of patients who had first negative culture after starting treatment, secondary bacteremia, and secondary septic shock with patients who used high-dose regimens of tigecycline in different subgroups of body weight, with no significant difference in side effects. Conclusion The use of high-dose tigecycline resulted in a significant enhancement in all clinical outcomes, especially mortality and ICU stay when used in treatment of overweight and obese patients with cSSTIs and cIAIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M Ibrahim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt,
| | | | - Gehan H Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohsen A Nasr
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal K Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | | | - Hatem A Sarhan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Barry JC, Simtchouk S, Durrer C, Jung ME, Mui AL, Little JP. Short-term exercise training reduces anti-inflammatory action of interleukin-10 in adults with obesity. Cytokine 2018; 111:460-469. [PMID: 29885989 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Tait CA, L’Abbé MR, Smith PM, Rosella LC. The association between food insecurity and incident type 2 diabetes in Canada: A population-based cohort study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195962. [PMID: 29791453 PMCID: PMC5965821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A pervasive and persistent finding is the health disadvantage experienced by those in food insecure households. While clear associations have been identified between food insecurity and diabetes risk factors, less is known about the relationship between food insecurity and incident type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study is to investigate the association between household food insecurity and the future development of type 2 diabetes. METHODS We used data from Ontario adult respondents to the 2004 Canadian Community Health Survey, linked to health administrative data (n = 4,739). Food insecurity was assessed with the Household Food Security Survey Module and incident type 2 diabetes cases were identified by the Ontario Diabetes Database. Multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for type 2 diabetes as a function of food insecurity. RESULTS Canadians in food insecure households had more than 2 times the risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to those in food secure households [HR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.17-4.94]. Additional adjustment for BMI attenuated the association between food insecurity and type 2 diabetes [HR = 2.08, 95% CI = 0.99, 4.36]. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that food insecurity is independently associated with increased diabetes risk, even after adjustment for a broad set of measured confounders. Examining diabetes risk from a broader perspective, including a comprehensive understanding of socioeconomic and biological pathways is paramount for informing policies and interventions aimed at mitigating the future burden of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A. Tait
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary R. L’Abbé
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter M. Smith
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Laura C. Rosella
- Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Zaninotto P, Batty GD, Allerhand M, Deary IJ. Cognitive function trajectories and their determinants in older people: 8 years of follow-up in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. J Epidemiol Community Health 2018; 72:685-694. [PMID: 29691286 PMCID: PMC6204948 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2017-210116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Maintaining cognitive function is an important aspect of healthy ageing. In this study, we examined age trajectories of cognitive decline in a large nationally representative sample of older people in England. We explored the factors that influence such decline and whether these differed by gender. Methods Latent growth curve modelling was used to explore age-specific changes, and influences on them, in an 8-year period in memory, executive function, processing speed and global cognitive function among 10 626 participants in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. We run gender-specific models with the following exposures: age, education, wealth, childhood socioeconomic status, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, physical function, body mass index, physical activity, alcohol, smoking, depression and dementia. Results After adjustment, women had significantly less decline than men in memory (0.011, SE 0.006), executive function (0.012, SE 0.006) and global cognitive function (0.016, SE 0.004). Increasing age and dementia predicted faster rates of decline in all cognitive function domains. Depression and alcohol consumption predicted decline in some cognitive function domains in men only. Poor physical function, physical inactivity and smoking were associated with faster rates of decline in specific cognitive domains in both men and women. For example, relative to study members who were physically active, the sedentary experienced greater declines in memory (women −0.018, SE 0.009) and global cognitive function (men −0.015, SE 0.007 and women −0.016, SE 0.007). Conclusions The potential determinants of cognitive decline identified in this study, in particular modifiable risk factors, should be tested in the context of randomised controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Zaninotto
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - G David Batty
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.,Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Michael Allerhand
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Molinari M, Puttarajappa C, Wijkstrom M, Ganoza A, Lopez R, Tevar A. Robotic Versus Open Renal Transplantation in Obese Patients: Protocol for a Cost-Benefit Markov Model Analysis. JMIR Res Protoc 2018. [PMID: 29519780 PMCID: PMC5865002 DOI: 10.2196/resprot.8294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have reported a significant decrease in wound problems and hospital stay in obese patients undergoing renal transplantation by robotic-assisted minimally invasive techniques with no difference in graft function. Objective Due to the lack of cost-benefit studies on the use of robotic-assisted renal transplantation versus open surgical procedure, the primary aim of our study is to develop a Markov model to analyze the cost-benefit of robotic surgery versus open traditional surgery in obese patients in need of a renal transplant. Methods Electronic searches will be conducted to identify studies comparing open renal transplantation versus robotic-assisted renal transplantation. Costs associated with the two surgical techniques will incorporate the expenses of the resources used for the operations. A decision analysis model will be developed to simulate a randomized controlled trial comparing three interventional arms: (1) continuation of renal replacement therapy for patients who are considered non-suitable candidates for renal transplantation due to obesity, (2) transplant recipients undergoing open transplant surgery, and (3) transplant patients undergoing robotic-assisted renal transplantation. TreeAge Pro 2017 R1 TreeAge Software, Williamstown, MA, USA) will be used to create a Markov model and microsimulation will be used to compare costs and benefits for the two competing surgical interventions. Results The model will simulate a randomized controlled trial of adult obese patients affected by end-stage renal disease undergoing renal transplantation. The absorbing state of the model will be patients' death from any cause. By choosing death as the absorbing state, we will be able simulate the population of renal transplant recipients from the day of their randomization to transplant surgery or continuation on renal replacement therapy to their death and perform sensitivity analysis around patients' age at the time of randomization to determine if age is a critical variable for cost-benefit analysis or cost-effectiveness analysis comparing renal replacement therapy, robotic-assisted surgery or open renal transplant surgery. After running the model, one of the three competing strategies will result as the most cost-beneficial or cost-effective under common circumstances. To assess the robustness of the results of the model, a multivariable probabilistic sensitivity analysis will be performed by modifying the mean values and confidence intervals of key parameters with the main intent of assessing if the winning strategy is sensitive to rigorous and plausible variations of those values. Conclusions After running the model, one of the three competing strategies will result as the most cost-beneficial or cost-effective under common circumstances. To assess the robustness of the results of the model, a multivariable probabilistic sensitivity analysis will be performed by modifying the mean values and confidence intervals of key parameters with the main intent of assessing if the winning strategy is sensitive to rigorous and plausible variations of those values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Molinari
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,University of Pittsburgh Transplant Centre, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Chethan Puttarajappa
- University of Pittsburgh Transplant Centre, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Martin Wijkstrom
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,University of Pittsburgh Transplant Centre, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Armando Ganoza
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,University of Pittsburgh Transplant Centre, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Roberto Lopez
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,University of Pittsburgh Transplant Centre, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Amit Tevar
- University of Pittsburgh Transplant Centre, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Hörnberg K, Sundström B, Innala L, Rantapää-Dahlqvist S, Wållberg-Jonsson S. Aerobic capacity over 16 years in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Relationship to disease activity and risk factors for cardiovascular disease. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0190211. [PMID: 29272303 PMCID: PMC5741242 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse the change in aerobic capacity from disease onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) over 16.2 years, and its associations with disease activity and cardiovascular risk factors. Twenty-five patients (20 f/5 m), diagnosed with RA 1995-2002 were tested at disease onset and after mean 16.2 years. Parameters measured were: sub-maximal ergometer test for aerobic capacity, functional ability, self-efficacy, ESR, CRP and DAS28. At follow-up, cardiovascular risk factors were assessed as blood lipids, glucose concentrations, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), body composition, pulse wave analysis and carotid intima-media thickness. Aerobic capacity [median (IQR)] was 32.3 (27.9-42.1) ml O2/kg x min at disease onset, and 33.2 (28.4-38.9) at follow-up (p>0.05). Baseline aerobic capacity was associated with follow-up values of: BMI (rs = -.401, p = .047), waist circumference (rs = -.498, p = .011), peripheral pulse pressure (rs = -.415, p = .039) self-efficacy (rs = .420, p = .037) and aerobic capacity (rs = .557, p = .004). In multiple regression models adjusted for baseline aerobic capacity, disease activity at baseline and over time predicted aerobic capacity at follow-up (AUC DAS28, 0-24 months; β = -.14, p = .004). At follow-up, aerobic capacity was inversely associated with blood glucose levels (rs = -.508, p = .016), BMI (rs = -.434, p = .030), body fat% (rs = -.419, p = .037), aortic pulse pressure (rs = -.405, p = .044), resting heart rate (rs = -.424, p = .034) and self-efficacy (rs = .464, p = .020) at follow-up. We conclude that the aerobic capacity was maintained over 16 years. High baseline aerobic capacity associated with favourable measures of cardiovascular risk factors at follow-up. Higher disease activity in early stages of RA predicted lower aerobic capacity after 16.2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Hörnberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Rheumatology, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Björn Sundström
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Rheumatology, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lena Innala
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Rheumatology, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Solveig Wållberg-Jonsson
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine/Rheumatology, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
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30
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Do MT, Chang VC, Mendez MA, de Groh M. Urinary bisphenol A and obesity in adults: results from the Canadian Health Measures Survey. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can 2017; 37:403-412. [PMID: 29236378 PMCID: PMC5765817 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.37.12.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) has been shown to affect lipid metabolism and promote weight gain in animal studies. Recent epidemiological studies also support a link between BPA and obesity in human populations, although many were limited to a single adiposity measure or have not considered potential confounding by dietary factors. The purpose of this study is to examine associations between urinary BPA and adiposity measures in a nationally representative sample of Canadian adults. METHODS We performed analyses using biomonitoring and directly measured anthropometric data from 4733 adults aged 18 to 79 years in the Canadian Health Measures Survey (2007-2011). We used multinomial and binary logistic regression models to estimate associations of urinary BPA with body mass index (BMI) categories (overweight vs. under/normal weight; obesity vs. under/normal weight) and elevated waist circumference (males: ≥ 102 cm; females: ≥ 88 cm), respectively, while controlling for potential confounders. Linear regression analyses were also performed to assess associations between urinary BPA and continuous BMI and waist circumference measures. RESULTS Urinary BPA was positively associated with BMI-defined obesity, with an odds ratio of 1.54 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.002-2.37) in the highest (vs. lowest) BPA quartile (test for trend, p = .041). Urinary BPA was not associated with elevated waist circumference defined using standard cut-offs. Additionally, each natural-log unit increase in urinary BPA concentration was associated with a 0.33 kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.10- 0.57) increase in BMI and a 1.00 cm (95% CI: 0.34-1.65) increase in waist circumference. CONCLUSION Our study contributes to the growing body of evidence that BPA is positively associated with obesity. Prospective studies with repeated measures are needed to address temporality and improve exposure classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh T Do
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vicky C Chang
- Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michelle A Mendez
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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BARRY JULIANNEC, SIMTCHOUK SVETLANA, DURRER CODY, JUNG MARYE, LITTLE JONATHANP. Short-Term Exercise Training Alters Leukocyte Chemokine Receptors in Obese Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017; 49:1631-1640. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Al-Jefout M, Alnawaiseh N, Al-Qtaitat A. Insulin resistance and obesity among infertile women with different polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5339. [PMID: 28706269 PMCID: PMC5509707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05717-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common problem among Arab women and is the main cause of infertility due to anovulation. This study investigates insulin resistance (IR) and obesity in different PCOS phenotypes among infertile women (n = 213), of whom 159 had PCOS and 54 women without PCOS, recruited as a control group. Biometric, hormonal and clinical parameters were studied. IR was observed in 133 (83.6%) women with PCOS and in 25 (46.3%) women without PCOS (p < 0.001). IR was significantly associated with PCOS only among women with central obesity (χ2 = 35.0, p < 0.001) and not for the normal category (χ2 = 4.04, p < 0.058). The LH/FSH ratio was not significantly different among the PCOS group (n = 37, 23.3%) compared to the control group (n = 9, 16.7%) (p = 0.308). Among women with PCOS, the most common phenotype was type I (50.3%), with type III (29.6%), type II (14.5%) and type IV (5.7%). Type I had the highest values of fasting insulin (median = 12.98 mU/mL) and HOMA IR values (significant difference among the four phenotypes, p = 0.009 and 0.006, respectively) and is associated with severity of the disease. There was no difference in glucose levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moamar Al-Jefout
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mutah Medical Faculty, Mutah University, Mutah, Jordan. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, CM&HS, UAEU, Al-Ain, UAE.
| | - Nedal Alnawaiseh
- Department of Public Health, Mutah Medical Faculty, Mutah University, Mutah, Jordan
| | - Aiman Al-Qtaitat
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Mutah Medical Faculty, Mutah University, Mutah, Jordan
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Taş S, Bek N, Ruhi Onur M, Korkusuz F. Effects of Body Mass Index on Mechanical Properties of the Plantar Fascia and Heel Pad in Asymptomatic Participants. Foot Ankle Int 2017; 38:779-784. [PMID: 28535692 DOI: 10.1177/1071100717702463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal foot disorders have a high incidence among overweight and obese individuals. One of the important factors causing this high incidence may be plantar fascia and heel pad (HP)-related mechanical changes occurring in these individuals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the plantar fascia and HP stiffness and thickness parameters in overweight and obese individuals and compare these values with those of normal-weight individuals. METHODS This study was carried out in 87 (52 female, 35 male) healthy sedentary individuals between the ages of 19 and 58 years (34 ± 11 years). Participants were subsequently categorized according to body mass index (BMI) as normal weight (18.5 kg/m2 < BMI < 25 kg/m2) or overweight and obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2). Plantar fascia and HP thickness and stiffness were measured with an ultrasonography device using a linear ultrasonography probe. RESULTS Overweight and obese individuals had higher HP thickness ( P < .001), plantar fascia thickness ( P = .001), heel pad microchamber layer (MIC) stiffness ( P < .001), and heel pad macrochamber layer (MAC) stiffness ( P < .001), whereas they had lower plantar fascia stiffness ( P < .001) compared with the individuals with normal weight. BMI had a moderate correlation with HP thickness ( P < .001, r = 0.500), plantar fascia thickness ( P = .001, r = 0.536), MIC stiffness ( P < .001, r = 0.496), and MAC stiffness ( P < .001, r = 0.425). A negative and moderate correlation was found between BMI and plantar fascia stiffness ( P < .001, r = -0.439). CONCLUSION Increased BMI causes a decrease in the stiffness of plantar fascia and an increase in the thickness of the plantar fascia as well as the thickness and stiffness of HP. Increased body mass could cause changes in the mechanical properties of HP and plantar fascia. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 3, comparative study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Taş
- 1 Beytepe Hospital, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nilgün Bek
- 2 Faculty of Health Sciences, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Department, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ruhi Onur
- 3 Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Feza Korkusuz
- 4 School of Medicine, Departments of Sports Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Sánchez-García S, Gallegos-Carrillo K, Espinel-Bermudez MC, Doubova SV, Sánchez-Arenas R, García-Peña C, Salvà A, Briseño-Fabian SC. Comparison of quality of life among community-dwelling older adults with the frailty phenotype. Qual Life Res 2017; 26:2693-2703. [PMID: 28667436 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-017-1630-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the perception of the quality of life (QOL) of community-dwelling older adults with the phenotype of frailty. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data of the "Cohort of Obesity, Sarcopenia and Frailty of Mexican Older Adults" (COSFOMA). Operationalization of frailty was carried out using the phenotype as follows: weight loss, self-report of exhaustion, low physical activity, slow gait, and weakness. QOL was measured using two scales: World Health Organization Quality of Life of Older Adults (WHOQOL-OLD), which is a specific instrument for the elderly population, and Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36), a generic instrument to evaluate the QOL related to health. One-way analyses of variance were conducted to assess the differences among the three phenotypes of frailty and QOL perception. RESULTS There were 1252 older adult participants who were analyzed; 11.2% (n = 140) had frailty, 50.3% (n = 630) pre-frailty and 38.5% (n = 482) were not frail. The mean (±SD) total score of the WHOQOL-OLD according to the phenotype of frailty was 60.3 (13.9) for those with frailty, 67.4 (12.7) pre-frailty and 72.4 (11.2) not frail (ANOVA, p < 0.001). The mean (±SD) of the SF-36 of the physical and mental component measures the sum, 38.9 (9.9) and 41.9 (11.3) with frailty, 45.7 (9.1) and 46.6 (9.8) pre-frailty, and 49.6 (7.3) and 49.4 (7.9) not frail, respectively (ANOVA, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Frailty is observed in 1/10 community-dwelling older adults. Those with frailty and pre-frailty had a lower perception of QOL compared with those who were not frail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Sánchez-García
- Epidemiological Research Unit and Health Services, Aging AreaXXI Century National Medical Center, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City, Mexico. .,Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología y Servicios de Salud, Área Envejecimiento, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Avenida Cuauhtémoc No. 330., Edificio CORCE, Tercer piso. Col. Doctores, Delegación Cuauhtémoc, 06725, México, D.F., Mexico.
| | - Katia Gallegos-Carrillo
- Epidemiological Research Unit and Health Services, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City, Morelos, Mexico
| | - María Claudia Espinel-Bermudez
- Medical Research Unit in Clinical Epidemiology, Medical Unit of High Specialty, Specialty Hospital, National Medical Center West, Mexican Social Security Institute, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Svetlana V Doubova
- Epidemiological Research Unit and Health Services, XXI Century National Medical Center, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosalinda Sánchez-Arenas
- Epidemiological Research Unit and Health Services, Aging AreaXXI Century National Medical Center, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carmen García-Peña
- National Institute of Geriatrics, National Institutes of Health of Mexico, Ministry of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antoni Salvà
- Fundació Salut i Envelliment, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia C Briseño-Fabian
- Family Medicine Unit No. 14, North Delegation, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
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Sánchez-García S, García-Peña C, Salvà A, Sánchez-Arenas R, Granados-García V, Cuadros-Moreno J, Velázquez-Olmedo LB, Cárdenas-Bahena Á. Frailty in community-dwelling older adults: association with adverse outcomes. Clin Interv Aging 2017; 12:1003-1011. [PMID: 28721028 PMCID: PMC5498785 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s139860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of frailty is important to identify the additional needs of medical long-term care and prevent adverse outcomes in community dwelling older adults. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of frailty and its association with adverse outcomes in community dwelling older adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out from April to September 2014. The population sample was 1,252 older adults (≥60 years) who were beneficiaries of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) in Mexico City. Data were derived from the database of the "Cohort of Obesity, Sarcopenia and Frailty of Older Mexican Adults" (COSFOMA). Operationalization of the phenotype of frailty was performed using the criteria of Fried et al (weight loss, self-report of exhaustion, low physical activity, slow gait, and weakness). Adverse outcomes studied were limitation in basic activities of daily living (ADLs), falls and admission to emergency services in the previous year, and low quality of life (WHOQOL-OLD). RESULTS Frailty was identified in 20.6% (n=258), pre-frailty in 57.6% (n=721), and not frail in 21.8% (n=273). The association between frailty and limitations in ADL was odds ratio (OR) =2.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7-3.2) and adjusted OR =1.7 (95% CI 1.2-2.4); falls OR =1.6 (95% CI 1.2-2.1) and adjusted OR =1.4 (95% CI 1.0-1.9); admission to emergency services OR =1.9 (95% CI 1.1-3.1) and adjusted OR =1.9 (95% CI 1.1-3.4); low quality of life OR =3.4 (95% CI 2.6-4.6) and adjusted OR =2.1 (95% CI 1.5-2.9). CONCLUSION Approximately 2 out of 10 older adults demonstrate frailty. This is associated with limitations in ADL, falls, and admission to emergency rooms during the previous year as well as low quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Sánchez-García
- Epidemiology and Health Services Research Unit, Aging Area, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
| | - Carmen García-Peña
- Research Department, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Institutos Nacionales de Salud de México, Secretaría de Salud
| | - Antoni Salvà
- Health and Ageing Foundation, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - Rosalinda Sánchez-Arenas
- Epidemiology and Health Services Research Unit, Aging Area, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
| | - Víctor Granados-García
- Epidemiology and Health Services Research Unit, Aging Area, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
| | | | - Laura Bárbara Velázquez-Olmedo
- Department of Public Health and Oral Epidemiology, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ángel Cárdenas-Bahena
- Epidemiology and Health Services Research Unit, Aging Area, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
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Mead E, Brown T, Rees K, Azevedo LB, Whittaker V, Jones D, Olajide J, Mainardi GM, Corpeleijn E, O'Malley C, Beardsmore E, Al‐Khudairy L, Baur L, Metzendorf M, Demaio A, Ells LJ. Diet, physical activity and behavioural interventions for the treatment of overweight or obese children from the age of 6 to 11 years. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017; 6:CD012651. [PMID: 28639319 PMCID: PMC6481885 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Child and adolescent overweight and obesity has increased globally, and can be associated with significant short- and long-term health consequences. This is an update of a Cochrane review published first in 2003, and updated previously in 2009. However, the update has now been split into six reviews addressing different childhood obesity treatments at different ages. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of diet, physical activity and behavioural interventions (behaviour-changing interventions) for the treatment of overweight or obese children aged 6 to 11 years. SEARCH METHODS We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, LILACS as well as trial registers ClinicalTrials.gov and ICTRP Search Portal. We checked references of studies and systematic reviews. We did not apply any language restrictions. The date of the last search was July 2016 for all databases. SELECTION CRITERIA We selected randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of diet, physical activity, and behavioural interventions (behaviour-changing interventions) for treating overweight or obese children aged 6 to 11 years, with a minimum of six months' follow-up. We excluded interventions that specifically dealt with the treatment of eating disorders or type 2 diabetes, or included participants with a secondary or syndromic cause of obesity. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently screened references, extracted data, assessed risk of bias, and evaluated the quality of the evidence using the GRADE instrument. We contacted study authors for additional information. We carried out meta-analyses according to the statistical guidelines in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. MAIN RESULTS We included 70 RCTs with a total of 8461 participants randomised to either the intervention or control groups. The number of participants per trial ranged from 16 to 686. Fifty-five trials compared a behaviour-changing intervention with no treatment/usual care control and 15 evaluated the effectiveness of adding an additional component to a behaviour-changing intervention. Sixty-four trials were parallel RCTs, and four were cluster RCTs. Sixty-four trials were multicomponent, two were diet only and four were physical activity only interventions. Ten trials had more than two arms. The overall quality of the evidence was low or very low and 62 trials had a high risk of bias for at least one criterion. Total duration of trials ranged from six months to three years. The median age of participants was 10 years old and the median BMI z score was 2.2.Primary analyses demonstrated that behaviour-changing interventions compared to no treatment/usual care control at longest follow-up reduced BMI, BMI z score and weight. Mean difference (MD) in BMI was -0.53 kg/m2 (95% confidence interval (CI) -0.82 to -0.24); P < 0.00001; 24 trials; 2785 participants; low-quality evidence. MD in BMI z score was -0.06 units (95% CI -0.10 to -0.02); P = 0.001; 37 trials; 4019 participants; low-quality evidence and MD in weight was -1.45 kg (95% CI -1.88 to -1.02); P < 0.00001; 17 trials; 1774 participants; low-quality evidence.Thirty-one trials reported on serious adverse events, with 29 trials reporting zero occurrences RR 0.57 (95% CI 0.17 to 1.93); P = 0.37; 4/2105 participants in the behaviour-changing intervention groups compared with 7/1991 participants in the comparator groups). Few trials reported health-related quality of life or behaviour change outcomes, and none of the analyses demonstrated a substantial difference in these outcomes between intervention and control. In two trials reporting on minutes per day of TV viewing, a small reduction of 6.6 minutes per day (95% CI -12.88 to -0.31), P = 0.04; 2 trials; 55 participants) was found in favour of the intervention. No trials reported on all-cause mortality, morbidity or socioeconomic effects, and few trials reported on participant views; none of which could be meta-analysed.As the meta-analyses revealed substantial heterogeneity, we conducted subgroup analyses to examine the impact of type of comparator, type of intervention, risk of attrition bias, setting, duration of post-intervention follow-up period, parental involvement and baseline BMI z score. No subgroup effects were shown for any of the subgroups on any of the outcomes. Some data indicated that a reduction in BMI immediately post-intervention was no longer evident at follow-up at less than six months, which has to be investigated in further trials. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Multi-component behaviour-changing interventions that incorporate diet, physical activity and behaviour change may be beneficial in achieving small, short-term reductions in BMI, BMI z score and weight in children aged 6 to 11 years. The evidence suggests a very low occurrence of adverse events. The quality of the evidence was low or very low. The heterogeneity observed across all outcomes was not explained by subgrouping. Further research is required of behaviour-changing interventions in lower income countries and in children from different ethnic groups; also on the impact of behaviour-changing interventions on health-related quality of life and comorbidities. The sustainability of reduction in BMI/BMI z score and weight is a key consideration and there is a need for longer-term follow-up and further research on the most appropriate forms of post-intervention maintenance in order to ensure intervention benefits are sustained over the longer term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Mead
- Teesside UniversityHealth and Social Care InstituteMiddlesbroughUKTS1 3BA
| | - Tamara Brown
- Teesside UniversityHealth and Social Care InstituteMiddlesbroughUKTS1 3BA
- Durham University Queen's CampusSchool of Medicine, Pharmacy and HealthDurhamUKTS17 6BH
| | - Karen Rees
- Warwick Medical School, University of WarwickDivision of Health SciencesCoventryUKCV4 7AL
| | - Liane B Azevedo
- Teesside UniversityHealth and Social Care InstituteMiddlesbroughUKTS1 3BA
| | - Victoria Whittaker
- Teesside UniversityHealth and Social Care InstituteMiddlesbroughUKTS1 3BA
| | - Dan Jones
- Teesside UniversityHealth and Social Care InstituteMiddlesbroughUKTS1 3BA
| | - Joan Olajide
- Teesside UniversityHealth and Social Care InstituteMiddlesbroughUKTS1 3BA
| | - Giulia M Mainardi
- School of Medicine, University of São PauloDepartment of Preventive MedicineSão PauloBrazilCEP 01246 903
| | - Eva Corpeleijn
- University Medical Centre GroningenDepartment of EpidemiologyHanzeplein 1GroningenNetherlands9713 GZ
| | - Claire O'Malley
- Durham University Queen's CampusSchool of Medicine, Pharmacy and HealthDurhamUKTS17 6BH
| | | | - Lena Al‐Khudairy
- Warwick Medical School, University of WarwickDivision of Health SciencesCoventryUKCV4 7AL
| | - Louise Baur
- The University of SydneyDepartment of Paediatrics and Child HealthLocked Bag 4001WestmeadAustraliaNSW 2145
| | - Maria‐Inti Metzendorf
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich‐Heine‐University DüsseldorfCochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders GroupMoorenstr. 5DüsseldorfGermany40225
| | | | - Louisa J Ells
- Teesside UniversityHealth and Social Care InstituteMiddlesbroughUKTS1 3BA
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Morisset AS, Dubois L, Colapinto CK, Luo ZC, Fraser WD. Prepregnancy Body Mass Index as a Significant Predictor of Total Gestational Weight Gain and Birth Weight. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2017; 78:66-73. [DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2016-035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to describe adherence to gestational weight gain (GWG) recommendations and identify determinants of excessive GWG in a sample of women from Quebec, Canada. Methods: Data were collected from the multi-centre 3D (Design, Develop, Discover) pregnancy cohort study, which included women who delivered between May 2010 and August 2012 at 9 obstetrical hospitals in Quebec, Canada. GWG was calculated for 1145 women and compared to the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations. Results: Overall, 51% of participants exceeded the recommendations. Approximately 68% of women with obesity gained weight in excess of the IOM recommendations. The corresponding numbers were 75%, 44%, and 27% in overweight, normal weight, and underweight women, respectively. A prepregnancy BMI of 25 kg/m2 or more was the only significant predictor of exceeding GWG recommendations (OR 3.35, 95% CI 2.44–4.64) in a multivariate model. Birth weight was positively associated with GWG. GWG and prepregnancy BMI could explain 3.13% and 2.46% of the variance in birth weight, respectively. Conclusion: About half of women exceeded GWG recommendations, and this was correlated with infant birth weight. This reinforces the need to develop and evaluate strategies, including nutritional interventions, for pregnant women to achieve optimal GWG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Morisset
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC
- Sainte Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC
| | - Lise Dubois
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - Cynthia K. Colapinto
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC
| | - Zong-Chen Luo
- Sainte Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, Huangpu
| | - William D. Fraser
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC
- Sainte Justine University Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC
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Terada T, Forhan M, Norris CM, Qiu W, Padwal R, Sharma AM, Nagendran J, Johnson JA. Differences in Short- and Long-Term Mortality Associated With BMI Following Coronary Revascularization. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:e005335. [PMID: 28411242 PMCID: PMC5533024 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.005335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between obesity and mortality risks following coronary revascularization is not clear. We examined the associations of BMI (kg/m2) with short-, intermediate-, and long-term mortality following coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with different coronary anatomy risks and diabetes mellitus status. METHODS AND RESULTS Data from the Alberta Provincial Project for Outcomes Assessment in Coronary Heart Disease (APPROACH) registry were analyzed. Using normal BMI (18.5-24.9) as a reference, multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause mortality within 6 months, 1 year, 5 years, and 10 years were individually calculated for CABG and PCI with 4 prespecified BMI categories: overweight (25.0-29.9), obese class I (30.0-34.9), obese class II (35.0-39.9), and obese class III (≥40.0). The analyses were repeated after stratifying for coronary risks and diabetes mellitus status. The cohorts included 7560 and 30 258 patients for CABG and PCI, respectively. Following PCI, overall mortality was lower in patients with overweight and obese class I compared to those with normal BMI; however, 5- and 10-year mortality rates were significantly higher in patients with obese class III with high-risk coronary anatomy, which was primarily driven by higher mortality rates in patients without diabetes mellitus (5-year adjusted hazard ratio, 1.78 [95% CI, 1.11-2.85] and 10-year adjusted hazard ratio, 1.57 [95% CI, 1.02-2.43]). Following CABG, overweight was associated with lower mortality risks compared with normal BMI. CONCLUSIONS Overweight was associated with lower mortality following CABG and PCI. Greater long-term mortality in patients with obese class III following PCI, especially in those with high-risk coronary anatomy without diabetes mellitus, warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasuku Terada
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mary Forhan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Colleen M Norris
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Transplant Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Cardiovascular Health and Stroke Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Weiyu Qiu
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Raj Padwal
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Arya M Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jayan Nagendran
- Alberta Transplant Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jeffrey A Johnson
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Tashani OA, Astita R, Sharp D, Johnson MI. Body mass index and distribution of body fat can influence sensory detection and pain sensitivity. Eur J Pain 2017; 21:1186-1196. [DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O. A Tashani
- School of Clinical and Applied Sciences; Leeds Beckett University; UK
| | - R. Astita
- School of Clinical and Applied Sciences; Leeds Beckett University; UK
- Higher Institute of Medical Professions; Al-Bayda Libya
| | - D. Sharp
- School of Clinical and Applied Sciences; Leeds Beckett University; UK
| | - M. I Johnson
- School of Clinical and Applied Sciences; Leeds Beckett University; UK
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40
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Taş S, Yılmaz S, Onur MR, Soylu AR, Altuntaş O, Korkusuz F. Patellar tendon mechanical properties change with gender, body mass index and quadriceps femoris muscle strength. ACTA ORTHOPAEDICA ET TRAUMATOLOGICA TURCICA 2017; 51:54-59. [PMID: 28010997 PMCID: PMC6197583 DOI: 10.1016/j.aott.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to assess the effect and correlation of gender, body mass index (BMI) and quadriceps femoris (QF) muscle strength on patellar tendon (PT) thickness and stiffness in healthy sedentary individuals. METHODS This study was carried out with 67 (36 female, 31 male) healthy sedentary individuals between the ages of 18-44 (28.0 ± 7.5 years). The individuals included in the study were divided into two groups according to their gender and BMI (18.5<BMI<25 and 25<BMI). The body composition was determined with Tanita Body Composition Analyser. PT thickness and stiffness was measured with ACUSON S3000 Ultrasonography Device using 9L4 ultrasonography probe. QF concentric muscle strength of the individuals was measured with Biodex® System 4 Dynamometer at 60°/sec angular speed. RESULTS It was found that PT stiffness was higher in males compared to females (p<0.001). It was found that PT stiffness was lower in obese individuals compared to individuals with normal weight (p = 0.017). A negative and weak correlation was found between BMI and PT stiffness (r = -0.26, p = 0.032), whereas a negative and moderate correlation was found between fat percentage and PT stiffness (r = -0.50, p<0.001). A moderate correlation was found between BMI and PT thickness (r = 0.54, p<0.001). It was found that peak torque at 60°/sec angular speed had a moderate correlation with PT stiffness (r = 0.44, p<0.001) and PT thickness (r = 0.45, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS PT stiffness is correlated and affected by gender, BMI and QF muscle strength whereas PT thickness is correlated and affected only to BMI and QF muscle strength.
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Ho J, Pedersen SD, Virtanen H, Nettel-Aguirre A, Huang C. Family Intervention for Obese/Overweight Children Using Portion Control Strategy (FOCUS) for Weight Control: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Glob Pediatr Health 2016; 3:2333794X16669014. [PMID: 27699184 PMCID: PMC5030784 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x16669014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutritional counseling for children with obesity is an important component of management. This randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare change in body mass index (BMI) z score after 6 months. Children 8 to 16 years with a BMI greater than the 85th percentile were randomized to standard of care nutrition counseling versus intervention with standard nutrition counseling including portion control tool training for the family. Measures were completed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Fifty-one children were randomized to control and 48 to intervention. Mean age was 11 years (SD = 2.2). Mean BMI z score was 2.7 (SD = 0.4). Forty-five percent were male (n = 45). Follow-up at 6 months was 73.7% (73/99). Although no differences were seen between the groups, there was a significant decrease in BMI z score between baseline and 6 months within each group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Ho
- Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sue D. Pedersen
- C-ENDO Diabetes & Endocrinology Clinic, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Alberto Nettel-Aguirre
- Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carol Huang
- Alberta Children’s Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Terada T, Johnson JA, Norris C, Padwal R, Qiu W, Sharma AM, Janzen W, Forhan M. Severe Obesity Is Associated With Increased Risk of Early Complications and Extended Length of Stay Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.003282. [PMID: 27250114 PMCID: PMC4937271 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Better understanding of the relationship between obesity and postsurgical adverse outcomes is needed to provide quality and efficient care. We examined the relationship of obesity with the incidence of early adverse outcomes and in‐hospital length of stay following coronary artery bypass grafting surgery. Methods and Results We analyzed data from 7560 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting. Using body mass index (BMI; in kg/m2) of 18.5 to 24.9 as a reference, the associations of 4 BMI categories (25.0–29.9, 30.0–34.9, 35.0–39.9, and ≥40.0) with rates of operative mortality, overall early complications, subgroups of early complications (ie, infection, renal and pulmonary complications), and length of stay were assessed while adjusting for clinical covariates. There was no difference in operative mortality; however, higher risks of overall complications were observed for patients with BMI 35.0 to 39.9 (adjusted odds ratio 1.35, 95% CI 1.11–1.63) and ≥40.0 (adjusted odds ratio 1.56, 95% CI 1.21–2.01). Subgroup analyses identified obesity as an independent risk factor for infection (BMI 30.0–34.9: adjusted odds ratio 1.60, 95% CI 1.24–2.05; BMI 35.0–39.9: adjusted odds ratio 2.34, 95% CI 1.73–3.17; BMI ≥40.0: adjusted odds ratio 3.29, 95% CI 2.30–4.71). Median length of stay was longer with BMI ≥40.0 than with BMI 18.5 to 24.9 (median 7.0 days [interquartile range 5 to 10] versus 6.0 days [interquartile range 5 to 9], P=0.026). Conclusions BMI ≥40.0 was an independent risk factor for longer length of stay, and infection was a potentially modifiable risk factor. Greater perioperative attention and intervention to control the risks associated with infection and length of stay in patients with BMI ≥40.0 may improve patient care quality and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasuku Terada
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jeffrey A Johnson
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Colleen Norris
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Cardiovascular Health and Stroke Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Raj Padwal
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Weiyu Qiu
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Arya M Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Wonita Janzen
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mary Forhan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Kim S, Kim Y, Park SM. Body Mass Index and Decline of Cognitive Function. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148908. [PMID: 26867138 PMCID: PMC4751283 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The association between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive function is a public health issue. This study investigated the relationship between obesity and cognitive impairment which was assessed by the Korean version of the Mini-mental state examination (K-MMSE) among mid- and old-aged people in South Korea. Methods A cohort of 5,125 adults, age 45 or older with normal cognitive function (K-MMSE≥24) at baseline (2006), was derived from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA) 2006~2012. The association between baseline BMI and risk of cognitive impairment was assessed using multiple logistic regression models. We also assessed baseline BMI and change of cognitive function over the 6-year follow-up using multiple linear regressions. Results During the follow-up, 358 cases of severe cognitive impairment were identified. Those with baseline BMI≥25 kg/m2 than normal-weight (18.5≤BMI<23 kg/m2) were marginally less likely to experience the development of severe cognitive impairment (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.52 to 1.03; Ptrend = 0.03). This relationship was stronger among female (aOR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.40 to 1.00; Ptrend = 0.01) and participants with low-normal K-MMSE score (MMSE: 24–26) at baseline (aOR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.35 to 0.98; Ptrend<0.01). In addition, a slower decline of cognitive function was observed in obese individuals than those with normal weight, especially among women and those with low-normal K-MMSE score at baseline. Conclusion In this nationally representative study, we found that obesity was associated with lower risk of cognitive decline among mid- and old-age population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Kim
- Takemi Program in International Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yongjoo Kim
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Sang Min Park
- Takemi Program in International Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Family Medicine & Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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Michopoulos S, Chouzouri VI, Manios ED, Grapsa E, Antoniou Z, Papadimitriou CA, Zakopoulos N, Dimopoulos AM. Untreated newly diagnosed essential hypertension is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a population of a hypertensive center. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2016; 9:1-9. [PMID: 26834493 PMCID: PMC4716740 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s92714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Recent studies have demonstrated that hypertension (HTN) is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in treated hypertensive patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between newly diagnosed essential HTN and NAFLD in untreated hypertensive patients. Patients and methods A consecutive series of 240 subjects (143 hypertensives and 97 normotensives), aged 30–80 years, without diabetes mellitus were enrolled in the study. Subjects with 24-hour systolic blood pressure (SBP) values ≥130 mmHg and/or diastolic BP values ≥80 mmHg were defined as hypertensives. NAFLD was defined as the presence of liver hyperechogenicity on ultrasound. Results Body mass index (P=0.002) and essential HTN (P=0.016) were independently associated with NAFLD in the multivariate logistic regression model. Furthermore, the multivariate analysis revealed that morning SBP (P=0.044) was independently associated with NAFLD. Conclusion Untreated, newly diagnosed essential HTN is independently associated with NAFLD. Ambulatory BP monitoring could be used for the diagnosis of essential HTN in patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyros Michopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki I Chouzouri
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstathios D Manios
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Grapsa
- Nephrology Department, Medical School of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Zoi Antoniou
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos Zakopoulos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Medical School of Athens, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece
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A social health services model to promote active ageing in Mexico: design and evaluation of a pilot programme. AGEING & SOCIETY 2015; 35:1457-1480. [PMID: 26190874 PMCID: PMC4501303 DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x14000361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to design and evaluate a pilot programme aimed at promoting the active ageing of older adults at the Mexican Institute of Social Security. The study was conducted in three stages: (a) design; (b) implementation; and (c) before–after evaluation through analysis of changes in functional status, occupational functioning and health-related quality of life. To overcome the limitations of the study design, we evaluated the effect of 80 per cent adherence to the programme on the outcome variables using the generalised linear regression models (GLM). Two hundred and thirty-nine older adults agreed to participate, of whom 65 per cent completed the programme. Most were women; the average age was 77 years. Adherence to the programme was higher than 75 per cent for the group who completed active ageing services and less than 60 per cent for the drop-out group. Overall, 46 per cent of older adults reached an adherence level of 80 per cent or higher. Adherence was significantly associated with improved quality of life total score (coefficient 2.7, p<0.0001) and occupational functioning total score (coefficient 2.2, p<0.0001). Participation of older adults in an active ageing programme may improve their health-related quality of life and occupational functioning. It is necessary to identify the potential barriers and to implement strategies to improve the recruitment and retention rates during the intervention.
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Brauer P, Gorber SC, Shaw E, Singh H, Bell N, Shane AR, Jaramillo A, Tonelli M. Recommendations for prevention of weight gain and use of behavioural and pharmacologic interventions to manage overweight and obesity in adults in primary care. CMAJ 2015; 187:184-195. [PMID: 25623643 PMCID: PMC4330141 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.140887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Brauer
- Family Relations and Applied Nutrition (Brauer), University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont.; Public Health Agency of Canada (Connor Gorber, Shane, Jaramillo), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Family Medicine (Shaw), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Departments of Internal Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Singh), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Family Medicine (Bell) University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary (Tonelli), Calgary, Alta
| | - Sarah Connor Gorber
- Family Relations and Applied Nutrition (Brauer), University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont.; Public Health Agency of Canada (Connor Gorber, Shane, Jaramillo), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Family Medicine (Shaw), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Departments of Internal Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Singh), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Family Medicine (Bell) University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary (Tonelli), Calgary, Alta
| | - Elizabeth Shaw
- Family Relations and Applied Nutrition (Brauer), University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont.; Public Health Agency of Canada (Connor Gorber, Shane, Jaramillo), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Family Medicine (Shaw), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Departments of Internal Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Singh), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Family Medicine (Bell) University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary (Tonelli), Calgary, Alta
| | - Harminder Singh
- Family Relations and Applied Nutrition (Brauer), University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont.; Public Health Agency of Canada (Connor Gorber, Shane, Jaramillo), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Family Medicine (Shaw), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Departments of Internal Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Singh), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Family Medicine (Bell) University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary (Tonelli), Calgary, Alta
| | - Neil Bell
- Family Relations and Applied Nutrition (Brauer), University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont.; Public Health Agency of Canada (Connor Gorber, Shane, Jaramillo), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Family Medicine (Shaw), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Departments of Internal Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Singh), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Family Medicine (Bell) University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary (Tonelli), Calgary, Alta
| | - Amanda R.E. Shane
- Family Relations and Applied Nutrition (Brauer), University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont.; Public Health Agency of Canada (Connor Gorber, Shane, Jaramillo), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Family Medicine (Shaw), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Departments of Internal Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Singh), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Family Medicine (Bell) University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary (Tonelli), Calgary, Alta
| | - Alejandra Jaramillo
- Family Relations and Applied Nutrition (Brauer), University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont.; Public Health Agency of Canada (Connor Gorber, Shane, Jaramillo), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Family Medicine (Shaw), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Departments of Internal Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Singh), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Family Medicine (Bell) University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary (Tonelli), Calgary, Alta
| | - Marcello Tonelli
- Family Relations and Applied Nutrition (Brauer), University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont.; Public Health Agency of Canada (Connor Gorber, Shane, Jaramillo), Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Family Medicine (Shaw), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.; Departments of Internal Medicine and Community Health Sciences (Singh), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man.; Department of Family Medicine (Bell) University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary (Tonelli), Calgary, Alta
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Keller H, Beck AM, Namasivayam A. Improving Food and Fluid Intake for Older Adults Living in Long-Term Care: A Research Agenda. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2015; 16:93-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2014.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Prevalence of anemia and its impact on the state of frailty in elderly people living in the community: SADEM study. Ann Hematol 2014; 93:2057-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-014-2155-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Away-from-home eating: nutritional status and dietary intake among Brazilian adults. Public Health Nutr 2014; 18:1011-7. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980014001189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the association between eating away from home and BMI and to examine whether dietary intake differs based on the consumption of away-from-home food (AFHF).DesignData were obtained from the first Brazilian National Dietary Survey, using food records. The association between the percentage of energy provided by foods consumed away from home and BMI status was tested using logistic regression models. The mean percentages of energy provided by protein, fat, saturated fat and free sugars were calculated based on the consumption of foods away from home among AFHF consumers.SettingUrban areas of Brazil.SubjectsAdults (n13 736) between 25 and 65 years old.ResultsAFHF was not associated with BMI status. Individuals who consumed AFHF had higher intakes of free sugars away from home than at home and had higher intakes of energy-dense foods than AFHF non-consumers.ConclusionAlthough AFHF consumption was not related to overweight or obesity status, individuals who consumed foods away from home had higher intakes of energy-dense foods. Public health policies should be implemented to help people make healthier food choices away from home.
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A weight loss program in a chiropractic practice: a retrospective analysis. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2014; 20:125-9. [PMID: 24767958 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Revised: 11/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Obesity is a global problem and places individuals at risk for developing chronic metabolic disorders. The need for investigating simple, effective and sustaining approaches to weight loss cannot be overstated. METHODS We performed a retrospective file analysis of patient files attending a 13-week weight loss program. Inclusion for analysis were files of adults (i.e., >18 years) completing the program consisting of chiropractic adjustments/spinal manipulative therapy augmented with diet/nutritional intervention, exercise and one-on-one counseling. RESULTS Sixteen of 30 people (i.e., 53.33%) completed the program. Statistically and clinically significant changes were noted in weight and BMI measures based on pre-treatment (average weight = 190.46 lbs. and BMI = 30.94 kg/m(2)) and comparative measurements (average weight = 174.94 lbs. and BMI = 28.50 kg/m(2)). CONCLUSION A cohort of patients under enrolled in a weight loss program was described. This provides supporting evidence on the effectiveness of a multi-modal approach to weight loss implemented in a chiropractic clinic.
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