|
1
|
Mihara Y, Komoriya K, Hagiwara K, Hatanaka Y, Shibahashi K, Hikone M, Sugiyama K. Accuracy of rapid blood coagulation testing device FibCare ® in a tertiary emergency department. Acute Med Surg 2024; 11:e934. [PMID: 38450033 PMCID: PMC10916673 DOI: 10.1002/ams2.934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim FibCare® is a novel point-of-care testing device enabling prompt evaluation of fibrinogen levels. This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of FibCare® at a tertiary emergency department. Methods Blood specimens obtained at a tertiary emergency medical center between October 1, 2021, and April 30, 2023, were evaluated. The correlation between the fibrinogen levels assessed via FibCare® and those via the Clauss method was evaluated using the Spearman's test. The discrepancy between the two measurement methods was assessed according to fibrinogen level and diagnosis. Results A total of 177 specimens from 147 patients were eligible for the analysis. The median age of the patients was 49 years, and 109 (61.6%) were men. The two measurements had statistically significant but moderate correlation (p < 0.001, ρ = 0.76). FibCare® missed 14 out of 35 cases from patients with hypofibrinogenemia (fibrinogen ≤150 mg/dL assessed by the Clauss method). The discrepancy between the two measurements was significantly greater in specimens with lower fibrinogen levels and those obtained from patients following trauma. Conclusions FibCare®, a novel point-of-care testing device, can be compatible with the Clauss method. However, clinicians should be aware of the risk that FibCare® may underestimate fibrinogen reduction, especially in severe cases and trauma cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Mihara
- Tertiary Emergency Medical Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh HospitalSumida‐kuJapan
| | - Kenta Komoriya
- Tertiary Emergency Medical Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh HospitalSumida‐kuJapan
| | - Kei Hagiwara
- Tertiary Emergency Medical Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh HospitalSumida‐kuJapan
| | - Yasuhito Hatanaka
- Tertiary Emergency Medical Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh HospitalSumida‐kuJapan
| | - Keita Shibahashi
- Tertiary Emergency Medical Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh HospitalSumida‐kuJapan
| | - Mayu Hikone
- Tertiary Emergency Medical Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh HospitalSumida‐kuJapan
| | - Kazuhiro Sugiyama
- Tertiary Emergency Medical Center, Tokyo Metropolitan Bokutoh HospitalSumida‐kuJapan
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Nguyen G, Lejeune M, Crichi B, Frere C. Hemostasis testing in patients with liver dysfunction: Advantages and caveats. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:7285-7298. [PMID: 34876789 PMCID: PMC8611202 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i42.7285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to concomitant changes in pro- and anti-coagulant mechanisms, patients with liver dysfunction have a “rebalanced hemostasis”, which can easily be tipped toward either a hypo- or a hypercoagulable phenotype. Clinicians are often faced with the question whether patients with chronic liver disease undergoing invasive procedures or surgery and those having active bleeding require correction of the hemostasis abnormalities. Conventional coagulation screening tests, such as the prothrombin time/international normalized ratio and the activated partial thromboplastin time have been demonstrated to have numerous limitations in these patients and do not predict the risk of bleeding prior to high-risk procedures. The introduction of global coagulation assays, such as viscoelastic testing (VET), has been an important step forward in the assessment of the overall hemostasis profile. A growing body of evidence now suggests that the use of VET might be of significant clinical utility to prevent unnecessary infusion of blood products and to improve outcomes in numerous settings. The present review discusses the advantages and caveats of both conventional and global coagulation assays to assess the risk of bleeding in patients with chronic liver disease as well as the current role of transfusion and hemostatic agents to prevent or manage bleeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Nguyen
- Department of Hematology, Trousseau Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75012, France
| | - Manon Lejeune
- Department of Hematology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75013, France
| | - Benjamin Crichi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint-Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75010, France
| | - Corinne Frere
- Department of Hematology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris 75013, France
- Inserm UMRS_1166, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Sorbonne Université, Paris 75013, France
| |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Major Thromboembolic Complications in Liver Transplantation: The Role of Rotational Thromboelastometry and Cryoprecipitate Transfusion. Transplantation 2021; 105:1771-1777. [PMID: 32852404 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although hemorrhage is a major concern during liver transplantation (LT), the risk for thromboembolism is well recognized. Implementation of rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) has been associated with the increased use of cryoprecipitate; however, the role of ROTEM-guided transfusion strategy and cryoprecipitate administration in the development of major thromboembolic complications (MTCs) has never been documented. METHODS We conducted a study on patients undergoing LT before and after the implementation of ROTEM. We defined MTC as intracardiac thrombus, pulmonary embolism, hepatic artery thrombosis, and ischemic stroke in 30 d after LT. We used a propensity score to match patients during the 2 study periods. RESULTS Among 2330 patients, 119 (4.9%) developed MTC. The implementation of ROTEM was significantly associated with an increase in cryoprecipitate use (1.1 ± 1.1 versus 2.9 ± 2.3 units, P < 0.001) and MTC (4.2% versus 9.5%, P < 0.001). Further analysis demonstrated that the use of cryoprecipitate was an independent risk factor for MTC (odds ratio 1.1, 95% confidence interval 1.04-1.24, P = 0.003). Patients with MTC had significantly lower 1-y survival. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that the implementation of ROTEM and the use of cryoprecipitate play significant roles in the development of MTC in LT. The benefits and risks of cryoprecipitate transfusion should be carefully evaluated before administration.
Collapse
|
|
4
|
Janko N, Majeed A, Kemp W, Roberts SK. Viscoelastic Tests as Point-of-Care Tests in the Assessment and Management of Bleeding and Thrombosis in Liver Disease. Semin Thromb Hemost 2020; 46:704-715. [PMID: 32932542 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1715475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Viscoelastic point-of-care (VET POC) tests provide a global assessment of hemostasis and have an increasing role in the management of bleeding and blood component delivery across several clinical settings. VET POC tests have a rapid turnaround time, provide a better overall picture of hemostasis, predict bleeding more accurately than conventional coagulation tests, and reduce blood component usage and health care costs. Despite commonly having abnormal conventional coagulation tests, most patients with chronic liver disease have a "rebalanced" hemostasis. However, this hemostatic balance is delicate and these patients are predisposed to both bleeding and thromboembolic events. Over recent years, VET POC tests have been increasingly studied for their potential as better functional tests of hemostasis in liver disease patients. This review provides a background on the most common VET POC tests (thromboelastography and rotational thromboelastometry) and discusses the current evidence for these tests in the prediction and management of bleeding and thrombosis in patients with chronic liver disease, and in liver resection and transplant. With the recent publication of several randomized controlled trials, there is growing evidence that VET POC tests may be used to improve bleeding risk assessment and reduce blood product use in liver disease patients outside of the transplant setting. However, consensus is still lacking regarding the VET POC tests' thresholds that should be used to trigger blood product transfusion. VET POC tests also show promise in predicting thrombosis in patients with liver disease, but further research is needed before they can be used to guide anticoagulant therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Janko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ammar Majeed
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - William Kemp
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stuart K Roberts
- Department of Gastroenterology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
|
5
|
Primary Hemostasis in Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis: What Did We Learn over the Past Decade? Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093294. [PMID: 32384725 PMCID: PMC7247544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in primary hemostasis have been described in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and cirrhosis and are still subject to ongoing debate. Thrombocytopenia is common and multifactorial. Numerous studies also reported platelet dysfunction. In spite of these changes, primary hemostasis seems to be balanced. Patients with CLD and cirrhosis can suffer from both hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications. Variceal bleeding is the major hemorrhagic complication and is mainly determined by high portal pressure. Non portal hypertension-related bleeding due to hemostatic failure is uncommon. Thrombocytopenia can complicate management of invasive procedures in CLD patients. Recently, oral thrombopoietin agonists have been approved to raise platelets before invasive procedures. In this review we aim to bundle literature, published over the past decade, discussing primary hemostasis in CLD and cirrhosis including (1) platelet count and the role of thrombopoietin (TPO) agonists, (2) platelet function tests and markers of platelet activation, (3) von Willebrand factor and (4) global hemostasis tests.
Collapse
|
|
6
|
Ranucci M, Di Dedda U, Baryshnikova E. Trials and Tribulations of Viscoelastic-Based Determination of Fibrinogen Concentration. Anesth Analg 2020; 130:644-653. [DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000004522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
|
7
|
Kamel Y, Hassanin A, Ahmed AR, Gad E, Afifi M, Khalil M, Görlinger K, Yassen K. Perioperative Thromboelastometry for Adult Living Donor Liver Transplant Recipients with a Tendency to Hypercoagulability: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study. TRANSFUSION MEDICINE AND HEMOTHERAPY : OFFIZIELLES ORGAN DER DEUTSCHEN GESELLSCHAFT FUR TRANSFUSIONSMEDIZIN UND IMMUNHAMATOLOGIE 2018. [PMID: 30574058 DOI: 10.1159/000489605.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Hypercoagulability can lead to serious thromboembolic events. The aim of this study was to assess the perioperative coagulation status in liver transplant recipients with a tendency to hypercoagulability. Methods In a prospective observational study (South African Cochrane Registry 201405000814129), 151 potential liver transplant recipients were screened for thrombophilic factors from October 2014 to June 2017, and 57 potential recipients fulfilled the inclusion criterion of presenting two or more of the following thrombophilic factors: low protein C, low protein S, low anti-thrombin, increased homocystein, increased antiphospholipid IgG/IgM antibodies, increased lupus anticoagulant, and positive Factor V Leiden mutation. Seven patients were excluded from the study because they fulfilled the exclusion criteria of cancelling the liver transplantation, oral anticoagulation, or intraoperative treatment with rFVIIa. Accordingly, 50 patients were included in the final analysis. Thromboelastometry (ROTEM) (EXTEM, INTEM and FIBTEM) and conventional coagulation tests (CCT) were performed preoperatively, during the anhepatic phase, post reperfusion, and on postoperative days (POD) 1, 3 and 7. ROTEM was used to guide blood product transfusion. Heparin was infused (60-180 U/kg/day) postoperatively for 3 days and then was replaced by low-molecular-weight heparin (20 mg/12 h). Results FIBTEM MCF significantly increased postoperatively above reference range on POD 7 despite normal fibrinogen plasma concentrations (p < 0.05). Both EXTEM and INTEM demonstrated significant changes with the phases of transplantation (p < 0.05), but with no intra- or postoperative hypercoagulability observed. INTEM CT (reference range, 100-240 s) normalized on POD 3 and 7 (196.1 ± 69.0 and 182.7 ± 63.8 s, respectively), despite prolonged aPTT (59.7 ± 18.7 and 46.4 ± 15.7 s, respectively; reference range, 20-40 s). Hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT) and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) were reported in 12.0% and 2.0%, respectively, mainly after critical care discharge and with high FIBTEM MCF values in 57% on POD 3 and 86% on POD 7. Receiver operating characteristics curve analyses of FIBTEM MCF were significant predictors for thromboembolic events with optimum cut-off, area under the curve and standard error on POD 3 (>23 mm, 0.779 and 0.097; p = 0.004) and POD 7 (>28 mm, 0.706 and 0.089; p = 0.020). Red blood cells (mean ± SD, 8.68 ± 5.81 units) were transfused in 76%, fresh frozen plasma (8.26 ± 4.14 units) in 62%, and cryoprecipitate (12.0 ± 3.68 units) in 28% of recipients. None of the recipients received intraoperative platelet transfusion or any postoperative transfusion. Main transplant indication was hepatitis C infection in 82%. 76% of recipients included in this highly selected patient population showed increased lupus anticoagulant, 2% increased antiphospholipid IgG/IgM antibodies, 20% increased homocysteine, 74% decreased anti-thrombin, 78% decreased protein C, 34% decreased protein S, and 24% a positive Factor V Leiden mutation. Overall 1-year survival was 62%. Conclusion A significant postoperative step-wise increase in FIBTEM MCF beyond the reference range was observed despite normal fibrinogen plasma concentrations, and FIBTEM MCF was a predictor for thromboembolic events in this study population, particularly after POD 3 and 7 on surgical wards when CCTs failed to detect this condition. However, the predictive value of FIBTEM MCF for postoperative HAT and PVT needs to be confirmed in a larger patient population. A ROTEM-guided anticoagulation regime needs to be developed and investigated in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Kamel
- Anesthesia Department of Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Sheeben El Kom, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Hassanin
- Anesthesia Department of Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Sheeben El Kom, Egypt
| | | | - Emad Gad
- Surgery Department of Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Sheeben El Kom, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Afifi
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Sheeben El Kom, Egypt
| | - Magdy Khalil
- Anesthesia Department of Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Sheeben El Kom, Egypt
| | - Klaus Görlinger
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Germany.,Tem International GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Khaled Yassen
- Anesthesia Department of Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Sheeben El Kom, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
|
8
|
Thromboelastography and Thromboelastometry in Assessment of Fibrinogen Deficiency and Prediction for Transfusion Requirement: A Descriptive Review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7020539. [PMID: 30596098 PMCID: PMC6286766 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7020539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Fibrinogen is crucial for the formation of blood clot and clinical outcomes in major bleeding. Both Thromboelastography (TEG) and Rotational Thromboelastometry (ROTEM) have been increasingly used to diagnose fibrinogen deficiency and guide fibrinogen transfusion in trauma and surgical bleeding patients. We conducted a comprehensive and comparative review on the technologies and clinical applications of two typical functional fibrinogen assays using TEG (FF TEG) and ROTEM (FIBTEM) for assessment of fibrinogen level and deficiency, and prediction of transfusion requirement. Clot strength and firmness of FF TEG and ROTEM FIBTEM were the most used parameters, and their associations with fibrinogen levels as measured by Clauss method ranged from 0 to 0.9 for FF TEG and 0.27 to 0.94 for FIBTEM. A comparison of the interchangeability and clinical performance of the functional fibrinogen assays using the two systems showed that the results were correlated, but are not interchangeable between the two systems. It appears that ROTEM FIBTEM showed better associations with the Clauss method and more clinical use for monitoring fibrinogen deficiency and predicting transfusion requirements including fibrinogen replacement than FF TEG. TEG and ROTEM functional fibrinogen tests play important roles in the diagnosis of fibrinogen-related coagulopathy and guidance of transfusion requirements. Despite the fact that high-quality evidence is still needed, the two systems are likely to remain popular for the hemostatic management of bleeding patients.
Collapse
|
|
9
|
Kamel Y, Hassanin A, Ahmed AR, Gad E, Afifi M, Khalil M, Görlinger K, Yassen K. Perioperative Thromboelastometry for Adult Living Donor Liver Transplant Recipients with a Tendency to Hypercoagulability: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study. Transfus Med Hemother 2018; 45:404-412. [PMID: 30574058 PMCID: PMC6288633 DOI: 10.1159/000489605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypercoagulability can lead to serious thromboembolic events. The aim of this study was to assess the perioperative coagulation status in liver transplant recipients with a tendency to hypercoagulability. METHODS In a prospective observational study (South African Cochrane Registry 201405000814129), 151 potential liver transplant recipients were screened for thrombophilic factors from October 2014 to June 2017, and 57 potential recipients fulfilled the inclusion criterion of presenting two or more of the following thrombophilic factors: low protein C, low protein S, low anti-thrombin, increased homocystein, increased antiphospholipid IgG/IgM antibodies, increased lupus anticoagulant, and positive Factor V Leiden mutation. Seven patients were excluded from the study because they fulfilled the exclusion criteria of cancelling the liver transplantation, oral anticoagulation, or intraoperative treatment with rFVIIa. Accordingly, 50 patients were included in the final analysis. Thromboelastometry (ROTEM) (EXTEM, INTEM and FIBTEM) and conventional coagulation tests (CCT) were performed preoperatively, during the anhepatic phase, post reperfusion, and on postoperative days (POD) 1, 3 and 7. ROTEM was used to guide blood product transfusion. Heparin was infused (60-180 U/kg/day) postoperatively for 3 days and then was replaced by low-molecular-weight heparin (20 mg/12 h). RESULTS FIBTEM MCF significantly increased postoperatively above reference range on POD 7 despite normal fibrinogen plasma concentrations (p < 0.05). Both EXTEM and INTEM demonstrated significant changes with the phases of transplantation (p < 0.05), but with no intra- or postoperative hypercoagulability observed. INTEM CT (reference range, 100-240 s) normalized on POD 3 and 7 (196.1 ± 69.0 and 182.7 ± 63.8 s, respectively), despite prolonged aPTT (59.7 ± 18.7 and 46.4 ± 15.7 s, respectively; reference range, 20-40 s). Hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT) and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) were reported in 12.0% and 2.0%, respectively, mainly after critical care discharge and with high FIBTEM MCF values in 57% on POD 3 and 86% on POD 7. Receiver operating characteristics curve analyses of FIBTEM MCF were significant predictors for thromboembolic events with optimum cut-off, area under the curve and standard error on POD 3 (>23 mm, 0.779 and 0.097; p = 0.004) and POD 7 (>28 mm, 0.706 and 0.089; p = 0.020). Red blood cells (mean ± SD, 8.68 ± 5.81 units) were transfused in 76%, fresh frozen plasma (8.26 ± 4.14 units) in 62%, and cryoprecipitate (12.0 ± 3.68 units) in 28% of recipients. None of the recipients received intraoperative platelet transfusion or any postoperative transfusion. Main transplant indication was hepatitis C infection in 82%. 76% of recipients included in this highly selected patient population showed increased lupus anticoagulant, 2% increased antiphospholipid IgG/IgM antibodies, 20% increased homocysteine, 74% decreased anti-thrombin, 78% decreased protein C, 34% decreased protein S, and 24% a positive Factor V Leiden mutation. Overall 1-year survival was 62%. CONCLUSION A significant postoperative step-wise increase in FIBTEM MCF beyond the reference range was observed despite normal fibrinogen plasma concentrations, and FIBTEM MCF was a predictor for thromboembolic events in this study population, particularly after POD 3 and 7 on surgical wards when CCTs failed to detect this condition. However, the predictive value of FIBTEM MCF for postoperative HAT and PVT needs to be confirmed in a larger patient population. A ROTEM-guided anticoagulation regime needs to be developed and investigated in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Kamel
- Anesthesia Department of Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Sheeben El Kom, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Hassanin
- Anesthesia Department of Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Sheeben El Kom, Egypt
| | | | - Emad Gad
- Surgery Department of Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Sheeben El Kom, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Afifi
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Sheeben El Kom, Egypt
| | - Magdy Khalil
- Anesthesia Department of Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Sheeben El Kom, Egypt
| | - Klaus Görlinger
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Germany
- Tem International GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | - Khaled Yassen
- Anesthesia Department of Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Sheeben El Kom, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
|
10
|
Schumacher C, Eismann H, Sieg L, Friedrich L, Scheinichen D, Vondran FWR, Johanning K. Use of Rotational Thromboelastometry in Liver Transplantation Is Associated With Reduced Transfusion Requirements. EXP CLIN TRANSPLANT 2018; 17:222-230. [PMID: 30295585 DOI: 10.6002/ect.2017.0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increased transfusion requirements in liver transplantation have been reported to be associated with worsened outcomes, more frequent reinterventions, and higher expenses. Anesthesiologists might counteract this through improved coagulation management. We evaluated the effects of rotational thromboelastometry on transfusion and coagulation product requirements and on outcome measurements. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients who were 14 years or older and who were undergoing liver transplant at Hannover Medical School between January 2005 and December 2009 were included in this retrospective analysis. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data, use of rotational thromboelastometry, intraoperative need for blood or coagulation products and antifibrinolytic substances, and clinical course were recorded. Correlations were examined using appropriate statistical tests. RESULTS Our study included 413 patients. Use of rotational thromboelastometry was associated with less frequent intraoperative administration of red blood cell concentrates, fresh frozen plasma, platelet concentrates, prothrombin complex concentrates, and antithrombin concentrates (all P < .05). In addition, univariate and multivariate tests showed that rotational thromboelastometry was correlated with decreased need for red blood cell concentrates and fresh frozen plasma (all P < .05). Intraoperative administration rates of antifibrinolytic substances and fibrinogen concentrate were significantly increased in patients who received rotational thromboelastometry monitoring (both P < .05). However, use of rotational thromboelastometry was not associated with massive transfusion rates (> 10 units vs less), clinical outcome, or length of stay in the intensive care unit (all P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Use of rotational thromboelastometry during liver transplant may reduce the need for intraoperative transfusion and coagulation products. Relevant effects of rotational thromboelastometry on patient outcomes or lengths of stay in the intensive care unit could not be ascertained. However, readjustment of therapeutic thresholds may improve the clinical impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Schumacher
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
11
|
Intagliata NM, Argo CK, Stine JG, Lisman T, Caldwell SH, Violi F. Concepts and Controversies in Haemostasis and Thrombosis Associated with Liver Disease: Proceedings of the 7th International Coagulation in Liver Disease Conference. Thromb Haemost 2018; 118:1491-1506. [PMID: 30060258 PMCID: PMC6202935 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1666861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. M. Intagliata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - C. K. Argo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - J. G. Stine
- Department of Medicine, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - T. Lisman
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - S. H. Caldwell
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
| | - F. Violi
- I Clinica Medica, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
|
12
|
Effects of Fibrinogen Levels and Platelet Counts on Viscoelastic Testing in Cirrhotic Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 4:90-95. [PMID: 30582001 PMCID: PMC6294986 DOI: 10.2478/jccm-2018-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Cirrhotic patients have been considered for decades to have a pro-haemorrhagic pattern and were treated as such based on the results from standard coagulation tests. The aim of our study was to determine the effects of platelet count and fibrinogen levels on rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) parameters. Methods We prospectively included 176 patients with End-Stage Liver Disease (ESLD) admitted to our Intensive Care Unit prior to liver transplantation. Collected data consisted of severity scores, liver, renal and standard coagulation tests, fibrinogen levels, platelet counts and ROTEM parameters. Four ROTEM assays were performed (ExTEM, InTEM, ApTEM and FibTEM) and the following parameters included: CT - clotting time, CFT - clot formation time, MCF - maximum clot firmness, ML - maximum lysis, alpha angle, TPI - thrombin potential index, MaxV - maximum velocity of clot formation (MaxV), MaxVt - time to MaxV, MCE - maximum clot elasticity and AUC - area under the curve. Results Statistical analysis demonstrated a linear correlation between platelet counts and ExTEM TPI (R2 linear =0.494), ExTEM MaxV (R2 linear =0.253), ExTEM MCE (R2 linear = 0.351) and ExTEM MCF (R2 cubic = 0.498). Fibrinogen levels correlated linearly with ExTEM MCF (R2 linear = 0.426), ExTEM TPI (R2 linear = 0.544), ExTEM MaxV (R2 linear = 0.332), ExTEM MCE (R2 linear = 0.395) and non-linearly with ExTEM CFT (R2 cubic = 0.475). Conclusion Fibrinogen levels and platelet counts had an important effect on both standard and derived ROTEM parameters. Further analysis is required in order to determine clinically oriented cut-off values below which severe coagulopathy would develop.
Collapse
|
|
13
|
Abstract
Long thought to be hypocoagulable, new evidence suggests cirrhosis patients have "rebalanced" coagulation in the setting of decreased synthesis of both pro- and anti-coagulant factors. Traditional testing like PT/INR reflects only the decreased synthesis of pro-coagulant factors and thus does not correspond to bleeding or clotting risk in this population. In this review, we discuss the use of viscoelastic testing (VET), an assay of global hemostasis in cirrhosis patients. We describe the technique and interpretation of commercially available VET and assess the application of VET in both transplant and non-transplant cirrhosis populations. VET largely correlates well with traditional testing including platelet count and fibrinogen level, however, is potentially less accurate in patients with low fibrinogen levels. VET may be useful in identifying patients at higher risk of hypercoagulable complications post-transplant and reflects changes in hemostasis in decompensated patients. While VET has been associated with decreased transfusión support in multiple studies, the lack of bleeding in patients who avoided prophylactic transfusion suggests a "rescue" rather than prophylactic approach to transfusion may be ideal and further studies with a "rescue" arm are needed. Additional prospective studies of VET should include clinically relevant endpoints of bleeding and thrombosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P E Davis
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Center for the Study of Coagulation in Liver Disease
| | - Patrick G Northup
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Center for the Study of Coagulation in Liver Disease
| | - Stephen H Caldwell
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA. Center for the Study of Coagulation in Liver Disease
| | - Nicolas M Intagliata
- Center for the Study of Coagulation in Liver Disease University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
14
|
Roullet S, de Maistre E, Ickx B, Blais N, Susen S, Faraoni D, Garrigue D, Bonhomme F, Godier A, Lasne D. Position of the French Working Group on Perioperative Haemostasis (GIHP) on viscoelastic tests: What role for which indication in bleeding situations? Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med 2018; 38:539-548. [PMID: 29355793 DOI: 10.1016/j.accpm.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Viscoelastic tests (VETs), thromboelastography (TEG®) and thromboelastometry (ROTEM®) are global tests of coagulation performed on whole blood. They evaluate the mechanical strength of a clot as it builds and develops after coagulation itself. The time required to obtain haemostasis results remains a major problem for clinicians dealing with bleeding, although some teams have developed a rapid laboratory response strategy. Indeed, the value of rapid point-of-care diagnostic devices such as VETs has increased over the years. However, VETs are not standardised and there are few recommendations from the learned societies regarding their use. In 2014, the recommendations of the International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) only concerned haemophilia. The French Working Group on Perioperative haemostasis (GIHP) therefore proposes to summarise knowledge on the clinical use of these techniques in the setting of emergency and perioperative medicine. METHODS A review of the literature. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The role of the VETs seems established in the management of severe trauma and in cardiac surgery, both adult and paediatric. In other situations, their role remains to be defined: hepatic transplantation, postpartum haemorrhage, and non-cardiac surgery. They must be part of the global management of haemostasis based on algorithms defined in each centre and for each population of patients. Their position at the bedside or in the laboratory is a matter of discussion between clinicians and biologists. CONCLUSION VETs must be included in algorithms. In consultation with the biology laboratory, these devices should be situated according to the way each centre functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Roullet
- Inserm U 12-11, service anesthésie-réanimation 1, université de Bordeaux, CHU de Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | | | - Brigitte Ickx
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Erasme University Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Normand Blais
- Hématologie et oncologie médicale, CHUM, Montréal, Canada
| | - Sophie Susen
- Institut d'hématologie et transfusion, CHRU de Lille, 59037 Lille, France
| | - David Faraoni
- Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Fanny Bonhomme
- Service d'anesthésiologie, hôpital universitaire de Genève, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anne Godier
- Service d'anesthésie-réanimation, Fondation Rothschild, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Dominique Lasne
- Laboratoire d'hématologie, hôpital Necker, 75015 Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
|
15
|
Blaine KP, Sakai T. Viscoelastic Monitoring to Guide Hemostatic Resuscitation in Liver Transplantation Surgery. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2017; 22:150-163. [PMID: 29099334 DOI: 10.1177/1089253217739121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Coagulopathic bleeding must be anticipated during liver transplantation (LT) surgery. Patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD) often present with disease-related hematologic disturbances, including the loss of hepatic procoagulant and anticoagulant clotting factors and thrombocytopenia. Transplantation surgery itself presents additional hemostatic changes, including hyperfibrinolysis. Viscoelastic monitoring (VEM) is often used to provide targeted, personalized hemostatic therapies for complex bleeding states including cardiac surgery and major trauma. The use in these coagulopathic conditions led to its application to LT, although the mechanisms of coagulopathy in these patients are quite different. While VEM is often used during transplant surgeries in Europe and North America, evidence supporting its use is limited to a few small clinical studies. The theoretical and clinical applications of the standard and specialized VEM assays are discussed in the setting of LT and ESLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P Blaine
- 1 Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tetsuro Sakai
- 2 University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Health System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
|
16
|
Blasi A, Sabate A, Beltran J, Costa M, Reyes R, Torres F. Correlation between plasma fibrinogen and FIBTEM thromboelastometry during liver transplantation: a comprehensive assessment. Vox Sang 2017; 112:788-795. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Blasi
- Department of Anesthesia; Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS; Barcelona Spain
| | - A. Sabate
- Department of Anesthesia; Hospital Universitari Bellvitge Barcelona, IDIBELL; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Spain
| | - J. Beltran
- Department of Anesthesia; Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS; Barcelona Spain
| | - M. Costa
- Department of Anesthesia; Hospital Universitari Bellvitge Barcelona, IDIBELL; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Spain
| | - R. Reyes
- Department of Anesthesia; Hospital Universitari Bellvitge Barcelona, IDIBELL; L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Spain
| | - F. Torres
- Biostatistics Unit; Faculty of Medicine; Medical Statistics Core Facility; IDIBAPS-Hospital Clinic; Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| |
Collapse
|
|
17
|
Sabate A, Gutierrez R, Beltran J, Mellado P, Blasi A, Acosta F, Costa M, Reyes R, Torres F. Impact of Preemptive Fibrinogen Concentrate on Transfusion Requirements in Liver Transplantation: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:2421-9. [PMID: 26880105 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesized that preemptive fibrinogen administration to obtain an initial plasma level of 2.9 g/L would reduce transfusion requirements in liver transplantation. A randomized, multicenter, hemoglobin-stratified, double-blind, fibrinogen-versus-saline-controlled trial was conducted. The primary end point was the percentage of patients requiring red blood cells. We evaluated 51 patients allocated to fibrinogen and 48 allocated to saline; the primary end point was assessed using data for 92 patients because the electronic record forms were offline for three patients in the fibrinogen group and four in the saline group. We injected a median of 3.54 g fibrinogen preemptively in the fibrinogen group. Nine patients in the saline group (20.9%) required fibrinogen at graft reperfusion (compared with one patient [2.1%] in the fibrinogen group; p = 0.005). Blood was transfused to 52.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 42.5-63.3%) in the fibrinogen group and 42.74% (95% CI 28.3-57.2%) in the saline group (p = 0.217). Relative risk for blood transfusion was 0.80 (95% CI 0.57-1.13). Thrombotic events occurred in one patient (2.1%) and five patients (11.4%) in the fibrinogen and saline groups, respectively. Seven patients (14.6%) in the fibrinogen group and nine (20.3%) in the saline group required reoperation. Preemptive administration of fibrinogen concentrate did not influence transfusion requirements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Sabate
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, University of Barcelona Health Campus, Idibell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Gutierrez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, Bilbao, Spain
| | - J Beltran
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Clinic Universitari, University of Barcelona Health Campus, Idibaps, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Mellado
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Sevilla, Spain
| | - A Blasi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Clinic Universitari, University of Barcelona Health Campus, Idibaps, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Acosta
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Costa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, University of Barcelona Health Campus, Idibell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Reyes
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, University of Barcelona Health Campus, Idibell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Torres
- Medical Statistics Core Facility, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Spain. Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|