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For: Dahan S, Dalmasso G, Imbert V, Peyron JF, Rampal P, Czerucka D. Saccharomyces boulardii interferes with enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli-induced signaling pathways in T84 cells. Infect Immun 2003;71:766-73. [PMID: 12540556 PMCID: PMC145355 DOI: 10.1128/iai.71.2.766-773.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open

For:	Dahan S, Dalmasso G, Imbert V, Peyron JF, Rampal P, Czerucka D. Saccharomyces boulardii interferes with enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli-induced signaling pathways in T84 cells. Infect Immun 2003;71:766-73. [PMID: 12540556 PMCID: PMC145355 DOI: 10.1128/iai.71.2.766-773.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open

Number

Cited by Other Article(s)

Jiang YZ, Ma K, Cui C, Li ZY, Wang XY. Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii supplementation to bismuth quadruple therapy on Helicobacter pylori eradication. BMC Gastroenterol 2025;25:273. [PMID: 40251486 PMCID: PMC12008914 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-025-03879-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2025] [Indexed: 04/20/2025] Open

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a common chronic infection, and there are over half of the global population infected with H. pylori. It is still controversial whether the supplementation of Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii) to bismuth quadruple therapy is beneficial for H. pylori eradication.

AIM

To determine the effects of S. boulardii supplementation to bismuth quadruple therapy on H. pylori eradication.

METHODS

We performed a systematic literature search across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure for articles published up to October 2023. We calculated the pooled relative risk (RR) with the 95% confidence interval (CI). Statistical analyses were conducted using Stata/SE 15.1 software.

RESULTS

Ten randomized controlled trials were included. Notably, S. boulardii supplementation to bismuth quadruple therapy significantly improved H. pylori eradication rates (RR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.04-1.12) and reduced the incidence of total adverse effects (RR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.45-0.62). Specifically, it reduced the incidence of some gastrointestinal adverse effects and nonspecific adverse effects, including diarrhea (RR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.22-0.36), constipation (RR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.18-0.55), abdominal distention (RR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.26-0.59), nausea (RR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.36-0.97), and rash (RR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.28-0.86). In the subgroup analysis, long-term eradication duration (> 10 days; RR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.04-1.13) and S. boulardii supplementation to be started and stopped at the same time as eradication treatment (RR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04-1.14) were found to significantly improve the eradication rate regardless of the S. boulardii dose (500 mg/day, RR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03-1.17; 1000 mg/day, RR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03-1.12).

CONCLUSIONS

The addition of S. boulardii to bismuth quadruple therapy significantly increased H. pylori eradication rates and decreased the adverse effects. We recommend adding 500 mg/day S. boulardii concurrently with bismuth quadruple therapy and continuing this therapy for > 10 days for optimal H. pylori eradication efficacy.

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Fneish FH, Abd El Galil KH, Domiati SA. Evaluation of Single and Multi-Strain Probiotics with Gentamicin Against E. coli O157:H7: Insights from In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Microorganisms 2025;13:460. [PMID: 40005825 PMCID: PMC11858083 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms13020460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2025] [Revised: 02/09/2025] [Accepted: 02/16/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open

Abstract

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant food-borne pathogens, especially Escherichia coli O157:H7, highlights the urgent need for innovative treatment strategies, particularly in light of rising resistances and the ongoing controversy surrounding antibiotic use in response to E. coli O157:H7 infections. To address this issue, we explored the potential of single- and multi-strain probiotics, both independently and in combination with gentamicin, through a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vitro, gentamicin alone produced a mean inhibition zone of 12.9 ± 2.27 mm against E. coli O157:H7. The combination of gentamicin with single-strain probiotics (P1) increased the inhibition zone to 16.5 ± 2.24 mm (p < 0.05), while the combination with multi-strain probiotics (P2) resulted in the largest inhibition zone of 19 ± 2.8 mm (p < 0.05). In vivo, mice infected with E. coli O157:H7 and treated with P2, gentamicin (G), or their combination (G+P2), achieved 100% survival, no pathological symptoms, and full weight recovery within seven days. Conversely, mice treated with P1 or G+P1 exhibited lower survival rates (71.4% and 85%, respectively) and slower weight recovery. Hematological parameters improved across all groups, but kidney function analysis showed significantly higher serum creatinine levels in the P1, G, G+P1, and G+P2 groups compared to the P2 group (P1: 0.63 ± 0.15 mg/dL; G: 0.34 ± 0.09 mg/dL; G+P1: 0.53 ± 0.19 mg/dL; G+P2: 0.5 ± 0.23 mg/dL vs. P2: 0.24 ± 0.2 mg/dL). Histological analysis showed better intestinal and kidney tissue recovery in the P2 group, while the P1 and G+P1 groups exhibited abnormal ileal structures and severe cortical bleeding. These findings highlight the promise of multi-strain probiotics, alone or in conjunction with antibiotics, as a therapeutic strategy for E. coli O157:H7 infections. However, the nephrotoxicity associated with gentamicin co-administration remains a limitation, warranting further studies to optimize this approach.

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Li M, Xie Y. Efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii as an adjuvant therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori: a meta-analysis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2025;15:1441185. [PMID: 40012609 PMCID: PMC11860874 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1441185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2025] [Indexed: 02/28/2025] Open

Abstract

Background

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is highly prevalent worldwide and is closely associated with many gastric conditions. Current methods for eradicating H. pylori include triple or quadruple therapy, including antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, and bismuth agents; however, with antibiotic abuse and increased drug resistance rates, the effectiveness of traditional methods is gradually decreasing, with many adverse effects such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and intolerance. In recent years, there has been controversy regarding whether adding Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii) to traditional therapies is beneficial for eradicating H. pylori.

Aim

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of S. boulardii as an adjuvant therapy for the eradication of H. pylori.

Methods

We systematically searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases from January 2002 to January 2023. The primary outcome was the H. pylori eradication rate. The secondary outcomes included total adverse effects, abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, constipation, nausea, vomiting, taste disorders, and other adverse reactions. We evaluated the included studies for publication bias and heterogeneity. Fixed- and random-effects models were used for studies without and with heterogeneity, respectively, to calculate the risk ratios (RRs) and conduct sensitivity and subgroup analyses.

Results

Nineteen studies comprising 5,036 cases of H. pylori infection were included in this meta-analysis. The addition of S. boulardii to traditional therapy significantly improved the H. pylori eradication rate [RR=1.11, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08-1.15] and reduced the incidence of total adverse effects (RR=0.49, 95% CI: 0.37-0.66), diarrhea (RR=0.36, 95% CI: 0.26-0.48), abdominal distension (RR=0.49, 95% CI: 0.33-0.72), constipation (RR=0.38, 95% CI: 0.26-0.57), and nausea (RR=0.50, 95% CI: 0.37-0.68). However, it did not reduce the occurrence of abdominal pain, vomiting, or taste disorders.

Conclusions

S. boulardii supplementation in traditional eradication therapy significantly improves the H. pylori eradication rate and reduces the total adverse effects and incidence of diarrhea, bloating, constipation, and nausea.

Systematic review registration

Prospero, identifier CRD42024549780.

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Zhang H, Nuermaimaiti Y, Hao K, Qi Y, Xu Y, Zhuang Y, Wang F, Hou G, Chen T, Xiao J, Guo G, Wang Y, Li S, Cao Z, Liu S. Supplementation with Combined Additive Improved the Production of Dairy Cows and Their Offspring with Maintenance of Antioxidative Stability. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024;13:650. [PMID: 38929089 PMCID: PMC11200508 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open

Abstract

Oxidative stress damage in periparturient cows decreases both production and their health; supplementation with complex additives during the periparturient period has been used as an important strategy to enhance the antioxidant status and production of dairy cows. The periparturient cows not only risk a negative energy balance due to reduced dry matter intake but also represent a sensitive period for oxidative stress. Therefore, we have developed an immunomodulatory and nutritional regulation combined additive (INC) that hopefully can improve the immune status and production of cows during the periparturient period and their offspring health and growth by improving their antioxidant stress status. The INC comprised a diverse array of additives, including water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins, Selenomethionine, and active dry Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Forty-five multiparous Holstein cows were randomly assigned to three treatments: CON (no INC supplementation, n = 15), INC30 (30 g/d INC supplementation, n = 15), and INC60 (60 g/d INC supplementation, n = 15) based on last lactation milk yield, body condition score, and parity. Newborn calves were administered 4 L of maternal colostrum originating from the corresponding treatment and categorized based on the treatment received by their respective dams. The INC not only served to maintain the antioxidative stress system of dairy cows during the periparturient period but also showed a tendency to improve the immune response (lower tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6) during the perinatal period. A linear decrease in concentrations of alkaline phosphatase postpartum and β-hydroxybutyrate was observed with INC supplementation. Milk fat yield, milk protein yield, and energy-corrected milk yield were also increased linearly with increasing additive supplementation. Calves in the INC30 group exhibited greater wither height and chest girth but no significant effect on average daily gain or body weight. The diarrhea frequency was linearly decreased with the incremental level of INC. Results indicate that supplementation with INC in peripartum dairy cows could be a major strategy to improve immune response, decrease inflammation, maintain antioxidant stress status in transition dairy cows, and have merit in their calves. In conclusion, this study underlines the benefits of INC supplementation during the transition period, as it improved anti-inflammatory capacity, could positively impact antioxidative stress capacity, and eventually enhanced the production performance of dairy cows and the health and growth of calves.

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Affiliation(s)

Hongxing Zhang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.Z.); (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.); (G.H.); (T.C.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (S.L.); (Z.C.)
Yiliyaer Nuermaimaiti State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.Z.); (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.); (G.H.); (T.C.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (S.L.); (Z.C.)
Kebi Hao Beijing Sunlon Livestock Development Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, China; (K.H.); (G.G.)
Yan Qi China Animal Husbandry Group, Beijing 100070, China;
Yiming Xu State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.Z.); (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.); (G.H.); (T.C.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (S.L.); (Z.C.) College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
Yimin Zhuang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.Z.); (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.); (G.H.); (T.C.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (S.L.); (Z.C.)
Fei Wang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.Z.); (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.); (G.H.); (T.C.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (S.L.); (Z.C.) College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
Guobin Hou State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.Z.); (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.); (G.H.); (T.C.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (S.L.); (Z.C.) College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
Tianyu Chen State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.Z.); (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.); (G.H.); (T.C.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (S.L.); (Z.C.)
Jianxin Xiao State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.Z.); (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.); (G.H.); (T.C.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (S.L.); (Z.C.)
Gang Guo Beijing Sunlon Livestock Development Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, China; (K.H.); (G.G.)
Yajing Wang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.Z.); (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.); (G.H.); (T.C.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (S.L.); (Z.C.)
Shengli Li State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.Z.); (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.); (G.H.); (T.C.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (S.L.); (Z.C.)
Zhijun Cao State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.Z.); (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.); (G.H.); (T.C.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (S.L.); (Z.C.)
Shuai Liu State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (H.Z.); (Y.N.); (Y.X.); (Y.Z.); (F.W.); (G.H.); (T.C.); (J.X.); (Y.W.); (S.L.); (Z.C.)

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Yadav A, Yadav R, Sharma V, Dutta U. A comprehensive guide to assess gut mycobiome and its role in pathogenesis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Indian J Gastroenterol 2024;43:112-128. [PMID: 38409485 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-023-01510-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]

Liu LH, Han B, Tao J, Zhang K, Wang XK, Wang WY. The effect of Saccharomyces boulardii supplementation on Helicobacter pylori eradication in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of Randomized controlled trials. BMC Infect Dis 2023;23:878. [PMID: 38102568 PMCID: PMC10722661 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08896-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open

Abstract

BACKGROUND

It is unclear whether Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii) supplementation in standard triple therapy (STT) is effective in eradicating Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in children. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effect of S. boulardii supplementation on H. pylori eradication in children.

METHODS

We conducted electronic searches in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang database from the beginning up to September 2023. A random-effects model was employed to calculate the pooled relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) through a meta-analysis.

RESULTS

Fifteen RCTs (involving 2156 patients) were included in our meta-analysis. Results of the meta-analysis indicated that S. boulardii in combination with STT was more effective than STT alone (intention-to-treat analysis : 87.7% vs. 75.9%, RR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.10-1.19, P < 0.00001; per-protocol analysis : 88.5% vs. 76.3%, RR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.10-1.19, P < 0.00001). The S. boulardii supplementation group had a significantly lower incidence of total adverse events (n = 6 RCTs, 9.2% vs. 29.2%, RR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.21-0.48, P < 0.00001), diarrhea (n = 13 RCTs, 14.7% vs. 32.4%, RR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.37-0.56, P < 0.00001), and nausea (n = 11 RCTs, 12.7% vs. 21.3%, RR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.40-0.72, P < 0.0001) than STT group alone. Similar results were also observed in the incidence of vomiting, constipation, abdominal pain, abdominal distention, epigastric discomfort, poor appetite and stomatitis.

CONCLUSIONS

Current evidence indicated that S. boulardii supplementing with STT could improve the eradication rate of H. pylori, and concurrently decrease the incidence of total adverse events and gastrointestinal adverse events in children.

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Gowen R, Gamal A, Di Martino L, McCormick TS, Ghannoum MA. Modulating the Microbiome for Crohn's Disease Treatment. Gastroenterology 2023;164:828-840. [PMID: 36702360 PMCID: PMC10152883 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]

Abstract

The central role of the gut microbiota in the regulation of health and disease has been convincingly demonstrated. Polymicrobial interkingdom interactions between bacterial (the bacteriome) and fungal (the mycobiome) communities of the gut have become a prominent focus for development of potential therapeutic approaches. In addition to polymicrobial interactions, the complex gut ecosystem also mediates interactions between the host and the microbiota. These interactions are complex and bidirectional; microbiota composition can be influenced by host immune response, disease-specific therapeutics, antimicrobial drugs, and overall ecosystems. However, the gut microbiota also influences host immune response to a drug or therapy by potentially transforming the drug's structure and altering bioavailability, activity, or toxicity. This is especially true in cases where the gut microbiota has produced a biofilm. The negative ramifications of biofilm formation include alteration of gut permeability, enhanced antimicrobial resistance, and alteration of host immune response effectiveness. Natural modulation of the gut microbiota, using probiotic and prebiotic approaches, may also be used to affect the host microbiome, a type of "natural" modulation of the host microbiota composition. In this review, we discuss potential bidirectional interactions between microbes and host, and we describe the changes in gut microbiota induced by probiotic and prebiotic approaches as well as their potential clinical consequences, including biofilm formation. We outline a systematic approach to designing probiotics capable of altering the host microbiota in disease states, using Crohn's disease as a model chronic disease. Understanding how the effective changes in the microbiome may enhance treatment efficacy may unlock the possibility of modulating the gut microbiome to improve treatment using a natural approach.

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He XJ, Wang XL, Sun DJ, Huang XY, Liu G, Li DZ, Lin HL, Zeng XP, Li DL, Wang W. The efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii in addition to antofloxacin-based bismuth quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a single-center, prospective randomized-control study. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2023;16:17562848221147763. [PMID: 36742013 PMCID: PMC9893347 DOI: 10.1177/17562848221147763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open

Abstract

Background

We previously reported that antofloxacin-based bismuth quadruple therapy was safe and effective for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication. It is not clear whether the addition of Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii) to antofloxacin-based quadruple therapy can improve the eradication rate of H. pylori and reduce adverse events.

Objective

To investigate the effect of adding S. boulardii to antofloxacin-based quadruple therapy on the eradication rate of H. pylori and the adverse events.

Design

Single-center, prospective randomized controlled study.

Methods

A total of 172 patients with H. pylori infection were randomly assigned to the test and control groups. Patients in the control group (n = 86) received antofloxacin-based bismuth quadruple therapy for 14 days. On this basis, cases in the test group (n = 86) received S. boulardii 500 mg b.i.d. The eradication rate of H. pylori and adverse events were observed 4 weeks after the treatment.

Results

There were no statistically significant differences in the eradication rates of H. pylori and frequency of diarrhea between the test group and control group (p > 0.05). The duration of diarrhea in the test group was significantly shorter than in the control group (p < 0.001). In addition, the two groups exhibited similar adverse event rates for epigastric pain, abdominal distention, dizzy, vomiting, and rash (p > 0.05). The severity of adverse reactions was similar between the two groups (p > 0.05), and most of them had mild adverse events.

Conclusion

Although the addition of S. boulardii to antofloxacin-based quadruple therapy could not improve the eradication rate of H. pylori, it could shorten the time of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and reduce the incidence of diarrhea.

Trial registration number

ChiCTR2200056931.

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Affiliation(s)

Xiao-Jian He Department of Digestive Diseases, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China Department of Digestive Diseases, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
Xiao-Ling Wang Department of Digestive Diseases, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China Department of Digestive Diseases, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
Dong-Jie Sun Department of Digestive Diseases, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China Department of Digestive Diseases, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
Xiao-Yan Huang Department of Oncology, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
Gang Liu Department of Digestive Diseases, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China Department of Digestive Diseases, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
Da-Zhou Li Department of Digestive Diseases, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China Department of Digestive Diseases, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
Hai-Lan Lin Department of Digestive Diseases, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China Department of Digestive Diseases, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, China
Xiang-Peng Zeng Department of Digestive Diseases, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China Department of Digestive Diseases, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, 156 North Road of West No.2 Ring, Fuzhou 350025, China
Dong-Liang Li Department of Digestive Diseases, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China Department of Hepatobiliary Diseases, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, 156 North Road of West No.2 Ring, Fuzhou 350025, China
Wen Wang Department of Digestive Diseases, Fuzong Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China Department of Digestive Diseases, 900TH Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, 156 North Road of West No.2 Ring, Fuzhou 350025, China

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Hiltz R, Steelreath M, Degenshein-Woods M, Hung H, Aguilar A, Nielsen H, Rezamand P, Laarman A. Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii (CNCM I-1079) on feed intake, blood parameters, and production during early lactation. J Dairy Sci 2022;106:187-201. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]

Qiao Z, Wang X, Wang C, Han J, Qi W, Zhang H, Liu Z, You C. Lactobacillus paracasei BD5115-Derived 2-Hydroxy-3-Methylbutyric Acid Promotes Intestinal Epithelial Cells Proliferation by Upregulating the MYC Signaling Pathway. Front Nutr 2022;9:799053. [PMID: 35369066 PMCID: PMC8968858 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.799053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open

Xue Y, Zhu MJ. Unraveling enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection: the promising role of dietary compounds and probiotics in bacterial elimination and host innate immunity boosting. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021;63:1551-1563. [PMID: 34404306 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1965538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]

Simon E, Călinoiu LF, Mitrea L, Vodnar DC. Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics: Implications and Beneficial Effects against Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Nutrients 2021;13:nu13062112. [PMID: 34203002 PMCID: PMC8233736 DOI: 10.3390/nu13062112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open

Yeni F, Samut H, Soyer Y. Effect of Non-LAB Probiotics on Foodborne Enteric Pathogens: A Systematic Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1938114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]

Constante M, De Palma G, Lu J, Jury J, Rondeau L, Caminero A, Collins SM, Verdu EF, Bercik P. Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 modulates the microbiota-gut-brain axis in a humanized mouse model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2021;33:e13985. [PMID: 32955166 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]

Li R, Wan X, Takala TM, Saris PEJ. Heterologous Expression of the Leuconostoc Bacteriocin Leucocin C in Probiotic Yeast Saccharomyces boulardii. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021;13:229-237. [PMID: 32567021 PMCID: PMC7904741 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09676-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]

Hua Y, Wu J, Fu M, Liu J, Li X, Zhang B, Zhao W, Wan C. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Effector Protein EspF Interacts With Host Protein ANXA6 and Triggers Myosin Light Chain Kinase (MLCK)-Dependent Tight Junction Dysregulation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020;8:613061. [PMID: 33425920 PMCID: PMC7785878 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.613061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open

Lin CY, Lee AH, Chiu KK, Vieson MD, Steelman AJ, Swanson KS. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Fermentation Product Did Not Attenuate Clinical Signs, but Psyllium Husk Has Protective Effects in a Murine Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis Model. Curr Dev Nutr 2020;4:nzaa159. [PMID: 33215055 PMCID: PMC7658636 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzaa159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Yeast products and psyllium husk may provide relief from clinical signs of colitis due to their ability to promote gut integrity, modulate gut microbiota, or positively affect immune responses, which have been demonstrated in several species.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product (SCFP) and psyllium husk (PH) on cecal and fecal microbiota, colonic gene expression and histopathology, and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) immune cells in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model.

METHODS

Male C57BL/6J mice (n = 54) were assigned to a control, 5% SCFP, or 5% PH diet. After 2 wk of diet adaptation, mice were provided distilled water or 3% (wt:vol) DSS for 5 d ad libitum. Body weight, food and water intakes, and disease activity index (DAI) were recorded daily during the treatment period. Fresh fecal samples were collected before and during treatment for microbial analyses. After treatment, mice were killed, followed by tissue collection. Tissues were stored in proper solutions until further analyses. Data were analyzed using the Mixed Models procedure of SAS 9.4 (SAS Institute).

RESULTS

Consumption of SCFP increased (P < 0.05) species richness of the gut microbiota and relative abundance of Butyricicoccus in fecal and cecal samples compared with control or PH mice. PH mice had greater (P < 0.05) gene expression of claudin (Cldn) 2, Cldn3, Cldn8, and occludin(Ocln) compared with control mice. DAI, MLN immune cell populations, colonic histopathology, and colonic gene expression were not affected (P > 0.05) by SCFP in DSS mice. DSS mice consuming PH had lower (P < 0.05) DAI compared with control or SCFP mice.

CONCLUSIONS

Results suggest that, despite the modest changes it had on cecal and fecal microbiota, SCFP did not attenuate clinical signs associated with DSS-induced colitis in mice, while PH showed protective effects.

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Yang J, Qiu Y, Hu S, Zhu C, Wang L, Wen X, Yang X, Jiang Z. Lactobacillus plantarum inhibited the inflammatory response induced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 via modulating MAPK and NF-κB signalling in intestinal porcine epithelial cells. J Appl Microbiol 2020;130:1684-1694. [PMID: 32870564 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]

Affiliation(s)

J Yang State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
Y Qiu State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
S Hu State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
C Zhu State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
L Wang State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
X Wen State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
X Yang State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
Z Jiang State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition; Maoming Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China

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Roohvand F, Ehsani P, Abdollahpour-Alitappeh M, Shokri M, Kossari N. Biomedical applications of yeasts - a patent view, part two: era of humanized yeasts and expanded applications. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2020;30:609-631. [PMID: 32529867 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2020.1781816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]

Alassane-Kpembi I, Canlet C, Tremblay-Franco M, Jourdan F, Chalzaviel M, Pinton P, Cossalter AM, Achard C, Castex M, Combes S, Bracarense APL, Oswald IP. ¹H-NMR metabolomics response to a realistic diet contamination with the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol: Effect of probiotics supplementation. Food Chem Toxicol 2020;138:111222. [PMID: 32145353 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]

Shamekhi S, Lotfi H, Abdolalizadeh J, Bonabi E, Zarghami N. An overview of yeast probiotics as cancer biotherapeutics: possible clinical application in colorectal cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2020;22:1227-1239. [PMID: 31919760 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-019-02270-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]

Moens F, Duysburgh C, van den Abbeele P, Morera M, Marzorati M. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii exert synergistic antipathogenic activity in vitro against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Benef Microbes 2019;10:923-935. [DOI: 10.3920/bm2019.0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]

Effect of Multi-Microbial Probiotic Formulation Bokashi on Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines Profile in the Serum, Colostrum and Milk of Sows, and in a Culture of Polymorphonuclear Cells Isolated from Colostrum. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2019;11:220-232. [PMID: 29305686 PMCID: PMC6449489 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-017-9380-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]

Justino PFC, Franco AX, Pontier-Bres R, Monteiro CES, Barbosa ALR, Souza MHLP, Czerucka D, Soares PMG. Modulation of 5-fluorouracil activation of toll-like/MyD88/NF-κB/MAPK pathway by Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 probiotic. Cytokine 2019;125:154791. [PMID: 31401369 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]

de Castro JAA, Guno MJVR, Perez MO. Bacillus clausii as adjunctive treatment for acute community-acquired diarrhea among Filipino children: a large-scale, multicenter, open-label study (CODDLE). TROPICAL DISEASES TRAVEL MEDICINE AND VACCINES 2019;5:14. [PMID: 31367461 PMCID: PMC6651909 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-019-0089-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]

Abstract

Background

Diarrhea is among the main causes of pediatric mortality in the Philippines. Probiotics have been shown to be beneficial in the management of acute diarrhea. Accordingly, the aim of this population-based study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of Bacillus clausii as an adjunct to standard therapy in Filipino children with acute community-acquired diarrhea of viral origin or associated with antibiotic administration.

Methods

A total of 3178 patients (median age of 2 years) were enrolled in this open-label, multicenter, observational study, and were treated with one to two vials of Bacillus clausii in the following bacterial stains: O/C, SIN, N/R, and T (oral suspension of 2 billion spores per 5-mL vial) for 5 to 7 days. Diarrhea duration, number of stools per day, improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms, children’s overall acceptability of Bacillus clausii therapy, and safety and tolerability were assessed. Concomitant treatment with oral rehydration solutions (26.6%), zinc (23.9%), and antibiotics prescribed for conditions other than diarrhea (13.6%) was recorded during the study. All other probiotics and antidiarrheals were prohibited.

Results

Therapy with Bacillus clausii was well-tolerated, and the adverse event rate was very low (0.09%). All reported adverse events, which included vomiting, erythematous rashes and stool color change, were mild to moderate. In more than half of the per-protocol population (1535/2916; 52.6%), diarrhea was resolved within the first 3 days of treatment with Bacillus clausii. There was no significant difference (p = 0.297) in mean diarrhea duration between patients with either antibiotic-associated (3.3 ± 1.3 days) or viral diarrhea (3.4 ± 1.3 days). However, children who only received Bacillus clausii supplementation without zinc had a significantly shorter diarrhea duration (3.3 ± 1.3 days) compared to zinc-treated children (3.6 ± 1.6 days; p < 0.001). Bacillus clausii significantly reduced the mean number of stools per day, from 5.2 ± 2.0 stools at baseline to 1.2 ± 0.6 stools at study end (p < 0.001). Similarly, the proportion of patients with loose stools decreased from 81.6% at baseline to 9.2% at end of treatment period. Acceptability of Bacillus clausii therapy was high.

Conclusion

This study adds knowledge on the good safety profile and on the effectiveness of Bacillus clausii as an adjunct treatment for acute childhood diarrhea.

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Aghamohammadi D, Ayromlou H, Dolatkhah N, Jahanjoo F, Shakouri SK. The effects of probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii on the mental health, quality of life, fatigue, pain, and indices of inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with multiple sclerosis: study protocol for a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial. Trials 2019;20:379. [PMID: 31234904 PMCID: PMC6591959 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3454-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open

Czerucka D, Rampal P. Diversity of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 mechanisms of action against intestinal infections. World J Gastroenterol 2019;25:2188-2203. [PMID: 31143070 PMCID: PMC6526157 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v25.i18.2188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open

Terciolo C, Dapoigny M, Andre F. Beneficial effects of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 on clinical disorders associated with intestinal barrier disruption. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2019;12:67-82. [PMID: 30804678 PMCID: PMC6375115 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s181590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open

Senkarcinova B, Graça Dias IA, Nespor J, Branyik T. Probiotic alcohol-free beer made with Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]

Ribeiro M, Oliveira D, Oliveira F, Caliari M, Martins F, Nicoli J, Torres M, Andrade M, Cardoso V, Gomes M. Effect of probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii in experimental giardiasis. Benef Microbes 2018;9:789-797. [DOI: 10.3920/bm2017.0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]

Abstract The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of Saccharomyces boulardii in experimental treatment of giardiasis and its impact on intestinal integrity and some functions of gerbils infected with Giardia lamblia. 28 gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus), aged 4-6 weeks, were divided into four groups: untreated and uninfected control (CT); infected with G. lamblia (IGL); treated with S. boulardii (SB); and infected with G. lamblia and treated with S. boulardii (ITSB). The SB and ITSB groups received S. boulardii 15 days prior to being infected with G. lamblia. The treatment continued until completion of the experiment (22nd day). The IGL and ITSB groups were gavage-inoculated with G. lamblia ensuring one-week infection. 4 h before euthanasia, all animals were gavaged with a solution containing diethylenetriamine-pentaacetic acid (DTPA) marked with technetium-99mTc DTPA to determine intestinal permeability. The small intestine was removed for histopathological, morphometric analysis and count of trophozoites adhered to the mucosa. The selected probiotic caused an approximate reduction of 70% of parasite load, which was determined by attached trophozoites (P<0.01) and immune-marked trophozoites (P<0.05). Treatment with S. boulardii (SB and ITSB groups) also increased the height of the intestinal villi and crypt depth compared to the CT and IGL groups (P<0.05). The area of mucus production and the number of goblet cells of the SB and ITSB groups were higher compared to the CT and IGL groups (P<0.01). The animals treated with S. boulardii also exhibited a significant increase of intraepithelial lymphocytes counts (P<0.01). There was no difference in the intestinal permeability between the groups studied. The efficacy of S. boulardii in reducing damages caused by Giardia was demonstrated, with an approximate reduction of 70% of the parasite load, suggesting its use as a coadjuvant in giardiasis treatment. Collapse

Zommiti M, Almohammed H, Ferchichi M. Purification and Characterization of a Novel Anti-Campylobacter Bacteriocin Produced by Lactobacillus curvatus DN317. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2018;8:191-201. [PMID: 27812926 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-016-9237-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]

Sharif MR, Kashani HH, Ardakani AT, Kheirkhah D, Tabatabaei F, Sharif A. The Effect of a Yeast Probiotic on Acute Diarrhea in Children. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2018;8:211-214. [PMID: 27530282 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-016-9221-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]

Gleaning Insights from Fecal Microbiota Transplantation and Probiotic Studies for the Rational Design of Combination Microbial Therapies. Clin Microbiol Rev 2017;30:191-231. [PMID: 27856521 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00049-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open

Stier H, Bischoff SC. [Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 influences the gut-associated immune system]. MMW Fortschr Med 2017. [PMID: 28643294 DOI: 10.1007/s15006-017-9802-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]

Khatri I, Tomar R, Ganesan K, Prasad GS, Subramanian S. Complete genome sequence and comparative genomics of the probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii. Sci Rep 2017;7:371. [PMID: 28336969 PMCID: PMC5428479 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00414-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open

Cordonnier C, Thévenot J, Etienne-Mesmin L, Alric M, Livrelli V, Blanquet-Diot S. Probiotic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli: An effective strategy against a deadly enemy? Crit Rev Microbiol 2016;43:116-132. [PMID: 27798976 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2016.1185602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]

Affiliation(s)

Charlotte Cordonnier a EA 4678 CIDAM, "Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament", Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne , Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France.,b M2iSH, "Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte" , UMR Inserm/Université d'Auvergne U1071, USC-INRA 2018, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France
Jonathan Thévenot a EA 4678 CIDAM, "Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament", Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne , Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France.,b M2iSH, "Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte" , UMR Inserm/Université d'Auvergne U1071, USC-INRA 2018, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France
Lucie Etienne-Mesmin a EA 4678 CIDAM, "Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament", Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne , Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France.,b M2iSH, "Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte" , UMR Inserm/Université d'Auvergne U1071, USC-INRA 2018, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France
Monique Alric a EA 4678 CIDAM, "Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament", Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne , Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France
Valérie Livrelli b M2iSH, "Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte" , UMR Inserm/Université d'Auvergne U1071, USC-INRA 2018, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France.,c Service de Bactériologie , CHU Clermont-Ferrand , Clermont-Ferrand , France
Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot a EA 4678 CIDAM, "Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament", Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne , Université d'Auvergne , Clermont-Ferrand , France

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Jin Y, Blikslager AT. Myosin light chain kinase mediates intestinal barrier dysfunction via occludin endocytosis during anoxia/reoxygenation injury. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016;311:C996-C1004. [PMID: 27760753 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00113.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]

Abstract

Intestinal anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) injury induces loss of barrier function followed by epithelial repair. Myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) has been shown to alter barrier function via regulation of interepithelial tight junctions, but has not been studied in intestinal A/R injury. We hypothesized that A/R injury would disrupt tight junction barrier function via MLCK activation and myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation. Caco-2BBe1 monolayers were subjected to anoxia for 2 h followed by reoxygenation in 21% O₂, after which barrier function was determined by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) and FITC-dextran flux. Tight junction proteins and MLCK signaling were assessed by Western blotting, real-time PCR, or immunofluorescence microscopy. The role of MLCK was further investigated with select inhibitors (ML-7 and peptide 18) by using in vitro and ex vivo models. Following A/R injury, there was a significant increase in paracellular permeability compared with control cells, as determined by TER and dextran fluxes (P < 0.05). The tight junction protein occludin was internalized during A/R injury and relocalized to the region of the tight junction after 4 h of recovery. MLC phosphorylation was significantly increased by A/R injury (P < 0.05), and treatment with the MLCK inhibitor peptide 18 attenuated the increased epithelial monolayer permeability and occludin endocytosis caused by A/R injury. Application of MLCK inhibitors to ischemia-injured porcine ileal mucosa induced significant increases in TER and reduced mucosal-to-serosal fluxes of ³H-labeled mannitol. These data suggest that MLCK-induced occludin endocytosis mediates intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction during A/R injury. Our results also indicate that MLCK-dependent occludin regulation may be a target for the therapeutic treatment of ischemia/reperfusion injury.

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Al-Jashaami LS, DuPont HL. Management of Clostridium difficile Infection. Gastroenterol Hepatol (N Y) 2016;12:609-616. [PMID: 27917075 PMCID: PMC5114503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]

Stier H, Bischoff SC. Influence of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745on the gut-associated immune system. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2016;9:269-279. [PMID: 27695355 PMCID: PMC5027949 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s111003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open

Saber A, Alipour B, Faghfoori Z, Yari Khosroushahi A. Cellular and molecular effects of yeast probiotics on cancer. Crit Rev Microbiol 2016;43:96-115. [PMID: 27561003 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2016.1179622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]

Thévenot J, Cordonnier C, Rougeron A, Le Goff O, Nguyen HTT, Denis S, Alric M, Livrelli V, Blanquet-Diot S. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection has donor-dependent effect on human gut microbiota and may be antagonized by probiotic yeast during interaction with Peyer's patches. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015;99:9097-110. [PMID: 26084888 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6704-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]

Affiliation(s)

J Thévenot Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, M2iSH, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte UMR INSERM / Université d'Auvergne U1071 USC-INRA 2018, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
C Cordonnier Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, M2iSH, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte UMR INSERM / Université d'Auvergne U1071 USC-INRA 2018, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
A Rougeron Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, M2iSH, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte UMR INSERM / Université d'Auvergne U1071 USC-INRA 2018, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
O Le Goff Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
H T T Nguyen Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, M2iSH, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte UMR INSERM / Université d'Auvergne U1071 USC-INRA 2018, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
S Denis Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
M Alric Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
V Livrelli Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, M2iSH, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte UMR INSERM / Université d'Auvergne U1071 USC-INRA 2018, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Service de Bactériologie, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
S Blanquet-Diot Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, EA 4678 CIDAM, Conception Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.

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Lodemann U, Strahlendorf J, Schierack P, Klingspor S, Aschenbach JR, Martens H. Effects of the Probiotic Enterococcus faecium and Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains in a Pig and Human Epithelial Intestinal Cell Model. SCIENTIFICA 2015;2015:235184. [PMID: 25883829 PMCID: PMC4391159 DOI: 10.1155/2015/235184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]

Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 prevents colitis induced by AIEC bacteria in the transgenic mouse model mimicking Crohn's disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2015;21:276-86. [PMID: 25569734 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]

Hudson LE, Fasken MB, McDermott CD, McBride SM, Kuiper EG, Guiliano DB, Corbett AH, Lamb TJ. Functional heterologous protein expression by genetically engineered probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii. PLoS One 2014;9:e112660. [PMID: 25391025 PMCID: PMC4229219 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open

Pontier-Bres R, Munro P, Boyer L, Anty R, Imbert V, Terciolo C, André F, Rampal P, Lemichez E, Peyron JF, Czerucka D. Saccharomyces boulardii modifies Salmonella typhimurium traffic and host immune responses along the intestinal tract. PLoS One 2014;9:e103069. [PMID: 25118595 PMCID: PMC4145484 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open

Abstract

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (ST) is an enteropathogenic Gram-negative bacterium that causes infection following oral ingestion. ST spreads rapidly along the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and invades the intestinal epithelium to ultimately reach internal body organs. The probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii BIOCODEX (S.b-B) is prescribed for prophylaxis of diarrheal infectious diseases. We previously showed that S.b-B prevents weight loss in ST-infected mice and significantly decreases bacterial translocation to the spleen and liver. This study was designed to investigate the effect of S.b-B on ST migration along the GIT and the impact of the yeast on the host's early innate immune responses. Bioluminescent imaging (BLI) was used to evaluate the effect of S.b-B on the progression of luminescent Salmonella Typhimurium (ST-lux) in the GIT of mice pretreated with streptomycin. Photonic emission (PE) was measured in GIT extracts (stomach, small intestine, cecum and colon) at various time periods post-infection (PI). PE analysis revealed that, 45 min PI, ST-lux had migrated slightly faster in the mice treated with S.b-B than in the untreated infected animals. At 90 min PI, ST-lux had reached the cecum in both groups of mice. Adhesion of ST to S.b-B was visualized in the intestines of the mice and probably accounts for (1) the faster elimination of ST-lux in the feces, and (2) reduced translocation of ST to the spleen and liver. In the early phase of infection, S.b-B also modifies the host's immune responses by (1) increasing IFN-γ gene expression and decreasing IL-10 gene expression in the small intestine, and (2) elevating both IFN-γ, and IL-10 mRNA levels in the cecum. BLI revealed that S.b-B modifies ST migration and the host immune response along the GIT. Study findings shed new light on the protective mechanisms of S.b-B during the early phase of Salmonella pathogenesis.

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Affiliation(s)

Rodolphe Pontier-Bres INSERM, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Team 4 “Inflammation, Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells” Nice, France Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
Patrick Munro INSERM, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Team 6 “Microbial toxins in host pathogen interactions” Nice, France Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
Laurent Boyer INSERM, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Team 6 “Microbial toxins in host pathogen interactions” Nice, France Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
Rodolphe Anty INSERM, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Team 8 “Hepatic complications in obesity” Nice, France Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
Véronique Imbert INSERM, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Team 4 “Inflammation, Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells” Nice, France Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
Chloé Terciolo CRO2 INSERM U911, Campus Santé Timone, Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
Fréderic André CRO2 INSERM U911, Campus Santé Timone, Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
Patrick Rampal Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco
Emmanuel Lemichez INSERM, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Team 6 “Microbial toxins in host pathogen interactions” Nice, France Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
Jean-François Peyron INSERM, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Team 4 “Inflammation, Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells” Nice, France Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France
Dorota Czerucka INSERM, U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Team 4 “Inflammation, Cancer, Cancer Stem Cells” Nice, France Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis, UFR Médecine, IFR50, Faculté de Médecine, Nice, France * E-mail:

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Boonma P, Spinler JK, Venable SF, Versalovic J, Tumwasorn S. Lactobacillus rhamnosus L34 and Lactobacillus casei L39 suppress Clostridium difficile-induced IL-8 production by colonic epithelial cells. BMC Microbiol 2014;14:177. [PMID: 24989059 PMCID: PMC4094603 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-14-177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open

Abbas Z, Yakoob J, Jafri W, Ahmad Z, Azam Z, Usman MW, Shamim S, Islam M. Cytokine and clinical response to Saccharomyces boulardii therapy in diarrhea-dominant irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized trial. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014;26:630-639. [PMID: 24722560 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000000094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]

Smith IM, Christensen JE, Arneborg N, Jespersen L. Yeast modulation of human dendritic cell cytokine secretion: an in vitro study. PLoS One 2014;9:e96595. [PMID: 24816850 PMCID: PMC4015989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open

Abstract

Probiotics are live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host. The concept of individual microorganisms influencing the makeup of T cell subsets via interactions with intestinal dendritic cells (DCs) appears to constitute the foundation for immunoregulatory effects of probiotics, and several studies have reported probiotic strains resulting in reduction of intestinal inflammation through modulation of DC function. Consequent to a focus on Saccharomyces boulardii as the fundamental probiotic yeast, very little is known about hundreds of non-Saccharomyces yeasts in terms of their interaction with the human gastrointestinal immune system. The aim of the present study was to evaluate 170 yeast strains representing 75 diverse species for modulation of inflammatory cytokine secretion by human DCs in vitro, as compared to cytokine responses induced by a S. boulardii reference strain with probiotic properties documented in clinical trials. Furthermore, we investigated whether cytokine inducing interactions between yeasts and human DCs are dependent upon yeast viability or rather a product of membrane interactions regardless of yeast metabolic function. We demonstrate high diversity in yeast induced cytokine profiles and employ multivariate data analysis to reveal distinct clustering of yeasts inducing similar cytokine profiles in DCs, highlighting clear species distinction within specific yeast genera. The observed differences in induced DC cytokine profiles add to the currently very limited knowledge of the cross-talk between yeasts and human immune cells and provide a foundation for selecting yeast strains for further characterization and development toward potentially novel yeast probiotics. Additionally, we present data to support a hypothesis that the interaction between yeasts and human DCs does not solely depend on yeast viability, a concept which may suggest a need for further classifications beyond the current definition of a probiotic.

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Saxena A, Sitaraman R. Osmoregulation and the human mycobiome. Front Microbiol 2014;5:167. [PMID: 24860554 PMCID: PMC4028996 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open

Ji J, Hu S, Zheng M, Du W, Shang Q, Li W. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 inhibits ETEC-induced pro-inflammatory responses by suppression of MAPK signaling pathways in IPEC-1 cells and diarrhea in weaned piglets. Livest Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2013.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]