Jamnik J, Jenkins DJ, El-Sohemy A. Biomarkers of cardiometabolic health and nutritional status in individuals with positive celiac disease serology.
Nutr Health 2018;
24:37-45. [PMID:
29249178 DOI:
10.1177/0260106017748053]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by damage to the intestinal mucosa and nutrient malabsorption in severe cases. However, it remains unclear whether nutrient deficiencies and other adverse health effects are prevalent in individuals with positive CD serology identified through screening studies.
OBJECTIVE
The objective was to determine whether biomarkers of cardiometabolic health and nutritional status differ between those with positive and negative CD serology identified in a screening study of Canadian adults.
METHODS
Participants ( n=2832) were from the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study and the Toronto Healthy Diet Study. Individuals were screened for CD-specific anti-tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies. Lipid profiles as well as concentrations of six carotenoids (α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, lycopene, and zeaxanthin), three tocopherols (α-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol, and γ-tocopherol), retinol, ascorbic acid, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were cross-sectionally compared between those with positive and negative CD serology using general linear mixed models.
RESULTS
Individuals with positive CD serology ( n=23) had significantly lower levels of HDL-cholesterol ( p=0.008) and apolipoprotein-AI ( p=0.02), a higher ratio of total cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ( p=0.006), and a higher apolipoprotein-B/AI ratio ( p=0.03) than those with negative CD serology. Positive CD serology was also associated with significantly lower concentrations of retinol ( p=0.006) in fully adjusted models. Those with positive CD serology had lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in unadjusted models ( p=0.01), but not in fully adjusted models ( p=0.08).
CONCLUSIONS
Individuals with undiagnosed CD may have unfavorable lipid profiles and be at elevated risk for inadequacy of certain fat-soluble vitamins, but not widespread nutrient deficiencies.
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