• Crohn’s disease
• Endoscopy
• Inflammatory bowel disease
• Intestinal ultrasound
• Ulcerative colitis

• Computed tomography enterography
• Crohn’s disease
• Mucosal healing
• Nomogram
• Radiomics

• Humans
• Crohn Disease/diagnostic imaging
• Crohn Disease/pathology
• Female
• Male
• Adult
• Intestinal Mucosa/diagnostic imaging
• Intestinal Mucosa/pathology
• Intestine, Small/diagnostic imaging
• Intestine, Small/pathology
• Nomograms
• Middle Aged
• Young Adult
• Wound Healing
• ROC Curve
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
• Retrospective Studies
• Radiomics

• fecal calprotectin
• histology
• inflammatory bowel disease
• intestinal ultrasound
• ulcerative colitis

• Humans
• Colitis, Ulcerative/diagnostic imaging
• Colitis, Ulcerative/pathology
• Cohort Studies
• Prospective Studies
• Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex
• Intestinal Mucosa/pathology
• Colonoscopy
• Biomarkers/analysis
• Feces/chemistry
• Severity of Illness Index

• Australian Government research training program scholarship

• Crohn’s disease
• inflammatory bowel disease type unclassified
• small bowel capsule endoscopy
• ulcerative colitis

• Humans
• Capsule Endoscopy/methods
• Retrospective Studies
• Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/diagnosis
• Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/complications
• Crohn Disease/diagnosis
• Crohn Disease/complications
• Colitis, Ulcerative/complications

• Disease monitoring
• Integrated care models
• Person-centered care
• Quality of care
• eHealth

• AbbVie Corporation
• Janssen Canada
• Pfizer Canada
• Bristol-Myers Squibb Canada
• Amgen Canada
• Takeda Foundation

• Crohn’s disease
• Diagnostic accuracy
• IBUS-SAS
• Intestinal ultrasound
• MARIAs

Microcolon helps diagnose small bowel atresia (SBA) using contrast enema. However, there are no ultrasonography (US) microcolon criteria for diagnosing SBA. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate colon accuracy and other characteristics for diagnosing SBA by US, using surgical or clinical information as the reference standard.

US was performed on 46 neonates aged ≤ 7 days old. In the study group (n = 15), neonates with SBA were confirmed following surgery. In the study group without SBA (n = 15), neonates with other gastrointestinal problems besides SBA were confirmed by surgical or clinical follow-up. Sixteen neonates without gastrointestinal problems were classified as the control group. The colonic diameter was measured, and colonic gas was sought and observed. Statistical analysis was performed to compare US parameters between the study group and other two groups. The optimal cut-off value of the colonic diameter for SBA diagnosis was obtained using receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Colonic diameters (0.5 cm) in the study group (interquartile ranges [IQR], 0.5–0.6 cm) was significantly smaller than that in the group without SBA (0.9 cm; IQR, 0.8–1.2 cm) (P <  0.001) and in the control group (1.2 cm; IQR, 0.8–1.35 cm) (P < 0.001). Optimum cut-off value for diagnosing SBA was 0.65 cm (sensitivity, 90.3%; specificity, 86.7%; accuracy, 89.1%) for the colonic diameter. Combining microcolon and gas-negativity showed the best performance in SBA diagnosis using US, with increased accuracy (91.3%).

A colon < 0.65 cm in diameter should be called a microcolon; combining US with gas-negativity is an essential diagnostic basis for SBA.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12887-022-03629-z.

• Intestinal atresia
• Intestinal obstruction
• Neonate
• Small bowel atresia
• Ultrasonography

This study aims to consolidate evidence from published systematic reviews and meta-analyses evaluating the diagnostic performances of non-invasive tests for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in various clinical conditions and age groups.

Two independent reviewers systematically identified and appraised systematic reviews and meta-analyses assessing the diagnostic utility of non-invasive tests for IBD. Each association was categorized as adults, children, and mixed population, based on the age ranges of patients included in the primary studies. We classified clinical scenarios into diagnosis, activity assessment, and predicting recurrence.

In total, 106 assessments from 43 reviews were included, with 17 non-invasive tests. Fecal calprotectin (FC) and fecal lactoferrin (FL) were the most sensitive for distinguishing IBD from non-IBD. However, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) and FL were the most specific for it. FC and FL were the most sensitive and specific tests, respectively, to distinguish IBD from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), IgA, were the best test to distinguish Crohn’s disease (CD) from ulcerative colitis (UC). Interferon-γ release assay was the best test to distinguish CD from intestinal tuberculosis (ITB). Ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) were both sensitive and specific for disease activity, along with the high sensitivity of FC. Small intestine contrast ultrasonography (SICUS) had the highest sensitivity, and FC had the highest specificity for operative CD recurrence.

In this umbrella review, we summarized the diagnostic performance of non-invasive tests for IBD in various clinical conditions and age groups. Clinicians can use the suggested non-invasive test depending on the appropriate clinical situation in IBD patients.

• Inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]
• cross-sectional imaging
• endoanal ultrasonography [EAUS]
• intestinal ultrasound [IUS]
• magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]
• reporting
• transperineal ultrasonography [PUS

Intestinal ultrasound is emerging as a non-invasive tool for monitoring disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease patients due to its low cost, excellent safety profile, and availability. Herein, we comprehensively review the role of intestinal ultrasound in the management of these patients.

Intestinal ultrasound has a good accuracy in the diagnosis of Crohn's disease, as well as in the assessment of disease activity, extent, and evaluating disease-related complications, namely strictures, fistulae, and abscesses. Even though not fully validated, several scores have been developed to assess disease activity using ultrasound. Importantly, intestinal ultrasound can also be used to assess response to treatment. Changes in ultrasonographic parameters are observed as early as 4 weeks after treatment initiation and persist during short- and long-term follow-up. Additionally, Crohn's disease patients with no ultrasound improvement seem to be at a higher risk of therapy intensification, need for steroids, hospitalisation, or even surgery. Similarly to Crohn's disease, intestinal ultrasound has a good performance in the diagnosis, activity, and disease extent assessment in ulcerative colitis patients. In fact, in patients with severe acute colitis, higher bowel wall thickness at admission is associated with the need for salvage therapy and the absence of a significant decrease in this parameter may predict the need for colectomy. Short-term data also evidence the role of intestinal ultrasound in evaluating therapy response, with ultrasound changes observed after 2 weeks of treatment and significant improvement after 12 weeks of follow-up in ulcerative colitis.

Intestinal ultrasound is a valuable tool to assess disease activity and complications, and to monitor response to therapy. Even though longer prospective data are warranted, intestinal ultrasound may lead to a change in the paradigm of inflammatory bowel disease management as it can be used in a point-of-care setting, enabling earlier intervention if needed.

Along with the unceasing progress of medicine, Crohn's disease (CD), especially complex CD, is no longer a taboo for minimally invasive surgery. However, considering its special disease characteristics, more clinical trials are needed to confirm the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic surgery for CD.

To investigate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic enterectomy for CD, assess the advantages of laparoscopy over laparotomy in patients with CD, and discuss comprehensive minimally invasive surgical techniques in complex CD.

This study prospectively collected clinical data from patients with CD who underwent enterectomy from January 2017 to January 2020. It was registered in the Chinese clinical trial database with the registration number ChiCTR-INR-16009321. Patients were divided into a laparoscopy group and a traditional laparotomy group according to the surgical method. The baseline characteristics, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, temporary stoma, levels of abdominal adhesion, pathological characteristics, days to flatus and soft diet, postoperative complications, hospitalization time, readmission rate within 30 d, and hospitalization cost were compared between the two groups.

A total of 120 eligible patients were enrolled into the pre-standardized groups, including 100 in the laparoscopy group and 20 in the laparotomy group. Compared with the laparotomy group, the postoperative hospitalization time in the laparoscopy group was shorter (9.1 ± 3.9 d vs 11.0 ± 1.6 d, P < 0.05), the days to flatus were fewer (2.8 ± 0.8 d vs 3.5 ± 0.7 d, P < 0.05), the days to soft diet were fewer (4.2 ± 2.4 d vs 6.2 ± 2.0 d, P < 0.05) and the intraoperative blood loss was less (103.3 ± 80.42 mL vs 169.5 ± 100.42 mL, P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in preoperative clinical data, operation time (149.0 ± 43.8 min vs 159.2 ± 40.0 min), stoma rate, levels of abdominal adhesion, total cost of hospitalization, incidence of postoperative complications [8.0% (8/100) vs 15.0% (3/20)], or readmission rate within 30 days [1.0% (1/100) vs 0.00 (0/20)].

Compared with laparotomy, laparoscopic enterectomy promotes the recovery of gastrointestinal function, shortens the postoperative hospitalization time, and does not increase the incidence of postoperative complications. Laparoscopic enterectomy combined with varieties of minimally invasive surgical techniques is a safe and acceptable therapeutic method for CD patients with enteric fistulas.

• Crohn’s disease
• Minimally invasive surgery
• Rapid recovery
• Inflammatory bowel disease
• Ultrasound

• Crohn's disease
• IBD clinical
• clinical decision making
• inflammatory bowel disease
• ultrasonography

• COVID-19
• Crohn's disease
• Inflammatory bowel disease
• Patient perceptions
• Ulcerative colitis

• Crohn’s disease (CD)
• computerized tomography (CT)
• machine learning
• nomogram
• ulcerative colitis (UC)

• Crohn’s disease
• imaging
• ulcerative colitis

• COVID-19
• endoscopy
• inflammatory bowel disease
• medical treatment
• surgery

• Acceptability
• Inflammatory bowel disease
• Monitoring tools
• Patient preference
• Tolerability

To assess the diagnostic value of ultrasonography (US) for congenital small bowel atresia (SBA) in neonates and their sonographic characteristics.

A retrospective analysis was performed of 20 neonates who were confirmed with SBA by operation from March 2014 to January 2019. All the neonates have been scanned by US before surgery, and no one underwent barium enema or upper gastrointestinal imaging prior to US. Preoperation ultrasound characteristics about intestinal morphology and intestinal contents were collected, further to summarize the typical ultrasonic features of SBA.

Five cases were duodenal atresia, and 15 cases were jejuno-ileal atresia. Distended proximal intestines, liquid with tiny points in it, can be found in 20 neonates. The small intestine without any gas can be found in 20 neonates. Microcolon, no gas and other contents in it, can be found in 16 cases.

The typical ultrasonic features of SBA include dilation in proximal intestines, small intestines, and microcolon. US is a promising modality in the clinical diagnosis of SBA.