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Luo M, Guan JT, Yu X, Ding Y, Mei XX, Pan X, Fan YS, Xu ZH. Metabolic profiles in plasma of patients with herpes labialis based on GC-MS. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:3152-3158. [PMID: 37231973 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to compare the plasma metabolic profiles of patients with herpes labialis with healthy controls and identify the biomarkers of herpes labialis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We collected 18 patients with herpes labialis and 20 healthy individuals. Plasma samples from both groups were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). RESULTS According to the principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), we found that metabolic profiles had changed in patients with herpes labialis compared to the controls. By further selecting the different metabolites according to the variable importance in the projection (VIP) and p valve of t-tests, we found that acetic acid, pyroglutamic acid, alanine, ethanedioic acid, cyclohexaneacetic acid, pyruvic acid, d-mannose, phosphoric acid, l-amphetamine, and citric acid were decreased in patients with herpes labialis, while sedoheptulose and ethylamine were increased. Pathway analysis showed that herpes labialis may affect the amino acid and energy metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Our findings may contribute to elucidating the metabolic basis of herpes labialis and provide a new perspective for further research on the "Shang-Huo" state in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxian Luo
- Laboratory of Rheumatology & Institute of TCM Clinical Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese medicine rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Tao Guan
- Laboratory of Rheumatology & Institute of TCM Clinical Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- First Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiu Yu
- Laboratory of Rheumatology & Institute of TCM Clinical Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese medicine rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunfei Ding
- Laboratory of Rheumatology & Institute of TCM Clinical Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese medicine rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xian-Xian Mei
- Laboratory of Rheumatology & Institute of TCM Clinical Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Pan
- Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Fan
- Laboratory of Rheumatology & Institute of TCM Clinical Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese medicine rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Hao Xu
- Laboratory of Rheumatology & Institute of TCM Clinical Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Chinese medicine rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Briciu V, Ionică AM, Flonta M, Almaș A, Muntean M, Topan A, Horvat M, Ungureanu L, Lupșe M. Toxoplasmosis Screening during Pregnancy in a Romanian Infectious Diseases Tertiary Center: Results of a 15 Years Follow-Up Program. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2189. [PMID: 37764033 PMCID: PMC10537741 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal infection with Toxoplasma gondii during pregnancy may have serious consequences for the fetus. In Romania, screening for toxoplasmosis is included in the first antenatal visit. A retrospective study was performed on all toxoplasmosis antenatal screening patients between May 2008 and February 2023. Twenty-seven thousand one hundred sixty-nine (27,169) pregnant women presented for prenatal screening once (22,858) or several times: during the same pregnancy (209) or during multiple pregnancies (4102). Thirty-one thousand six hundred fifty-eight (31,658) tests for IgM and IgG antibodies were performed. Nine thousand eighty-three (9083) tests (28.69%), corresponding to 7911 women (29.12%), were positive for IgG antibodies. The seroprevalence increased with patients' age, decreased in time intervals, and was more frequently associated with rural residence. At risk for acquiring the infection during the pregnancy were women with negative anti-Toxoplasma IgG antibodies (70.88%), but only 0.9% of them presented for rescreening during the same pregnancy. Acute Toxoplasma infection (ATI) was suspected in 44 patients (0.16%) due to IgG seroconversion and/or low or borderline IgG avidity. A questionnaire follow-up interview was performed, and no congenital toxoplasmosis was identified in children born from mothers with probable ATI. Our study demonstrates poor compliance with the screening program in the Romanian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Briciu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases of Cluj-Napoca, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Angela Monica Ionică
- Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases of Cluj-Napoca, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mirela Flonta
- Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases of Cluj-Napoca, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ariana Almaș
- Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases of Cluj-Napoca, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Monica Muntean
- Department of Infectious Diseases, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases of Cluj-Napoca, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adriana Topan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases of Cluj-Napoca, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Melinda Horvat
- Department of Infectious Diseases, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases of Cluj-Napoca, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Liviu Ungureanu
- Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases of Cluj-Napoca, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Lupșe
- Department of Infectious Diseases, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases of Cluj-Napoca, 400348 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Nateqi M, Baliga V, Hegde V. Infection and obesity: Two sides of the same coin. VIRAL, PARASITIC, BACTERIAL, AND FUNGAL INFECTIONS 2023:73-85. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-85730-7.00001-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2025]
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Tali LDN, Faujo GFN, Konang JLN, Dzoyem JP, Kouitcheu LBM. Relationship between active Helicobacter pylori infection and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, a cross-sectional hospital-based study in a Sub-Saharan setting. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:731. [PMID: 36096730 PMCID: PMC9469600 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07718-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic inflammation has been reported as one of the novel coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors. Knowing that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) provokes a local inflammation, the relationship between H. pylori infection and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has received considerable attention. However, the attempt to demonstrate the association between H. pylori and specific cardiovascular disease risk factors is always a challenging issue due to the conflicting reports in the literatures. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study of 363 consecutive dyspeptic subjects in three reference health facilities in Cameroon from October 2020 to October 2021. Each participation gave a written consent and the study was approved by the local Ethical Committee. Check-up for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as dyslipidemia-related parameters, obesity-related parameter, high blood pressure as well as H. pylori detection was done for each participant. Data was analyzed using SSPS statistical package. Results Helicobacter pylori infection was significantly associated with higher total cholesterol level (OR: 2.3324, p = 0.0002) and higher LDL cholesterol level (OR: 2.3096, p = 0.0006). The crude OR of H. pylori status on the prevalence of high body mass index (BMI) was 1.0813 (p = 0.7300) and the adjusted OR for confounding factors was 1.1785 (p = 0.5095). The strength of the association between H. pylori infection and blood pressure, shows an OR of 1.3807 (p = 0.2991), 1.0060 (p = 0.9855) and 1.4646 (p = 0.2694) for diastolic pressure, hypertension and high heart rate respectively, while that of systolic pressure was 0.8135 (p = 0.4952). H. pylori infection is associated with dyslipidemia in our milieu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Danny Nguefak Tali
- Microbiology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Ghislaine Florice Nintewoue Faujo
- Microbiology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | | | - Jean Paul Dzoyem
- Microbiology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Laure Brigitte Mabeku Kouitcheu
- Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
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Jiang Y, Huang L, Zhou L. Association between obesity and helicobacter pylori infection. NUTR CLIN METAB 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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López-Ortega O, Moreno-Corona NC, Cruz-Holguin VJ, Garcia-Gonzalez LD, Helguera-Repetto AC, Romero-Valdovinos M, Arevalo-Romero H, Cedillo-Barron L, León-Juárez M. The Immune Response in Adipocytes and Their Susceptibility to Infection: A Possible Relationship with Infectobesity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116154. [PMID: 35682832 PMCID: PMC9181511 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The current obesity pandemic has been expanding in both developing and developed countries. This suggests that the factors contributing to this condition need to be reconsidered since some new factors are arising as etiological causes of this disease. Moreover, recent clinical and experimental findings have shown an association between the progress of obesity and some infections, and the functions of adipose tissues, which involve cell metabolism and adipokine release, among others. Furthermore, it has recently been reported that adipocytes could either be reservoirs for these pathogens or play an active role in this process. In addition, there is abundant evidence indicating that during obesity, the immune system is exacerbated, suggesting an increased susceptibility of the patient to the development of several forms of illness or death. Thus, there could be a relationship between infection as a trigger for an increase in adipose cells and the impact on the metabolism that contributes to the development of obesity. In this review, we describe the findings concerning the role of adipose tissue as a mediator in the immune response as well as the possible role of adipocytes as infection targets, with both roles constituting a possible cause of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orestes López-Ortega
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMR-S1151, CNRS UMR-S8253, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Nidia Carolina Moreno-Corona
- Laboratory of Human Lymphohematopoiesis, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Université de Paris, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Victor Javier Cruz-Holguin
- Departamento de Immunobioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico; (V.J.C.-H.); (L.D.G.-G.); (A.C.H.-R.)
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico;
| | - Luis Didier Garcia-Gonzalez
- Departamento de Immunobioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico; (V.J.C.-H.); (L.D.G.-G.); (A.C.H.-R.)
| | - Addy Cecilia Helguera-Repetto
- Departamento de Immunobioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico; (V.J.C.-H.); (L.D.G.-G.); (A.C.H.-R.)
| | - Mirza Romero-Valdovinos
- Departamento de Biología Molecular e Histocompatibilidad, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, Col. Sección XVI, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico;
| | - Haruki Arevalo-Romero
- Laboratorio de Inmunología y Microbiología Molecular, División Académica Multidisciplinaria de Jalpa de Méndez, Jalpa de Méndez 86205, Mexico;
| | - Leticia Cedillo-Barron
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico City 07360, Mexico;
| | - Moisés León-Juárez
- Departamento de Immunobioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico; (V.J.C.-H.); (L.D.G.-G.); (A.C.H.-R.)
- Correspondence:
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Elshair M, Ugai T, Oze I, Kasugai Y, Koyanagi YN, Hara K, Ito H, Matsuo K. Impact of socioeconomic status and sibling number on the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection: a cross-sectional study in a Japanese population. NAGOYA JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2022; 84:374-387. [PMID: 35967946 PMCID: PMC9350568 DOI: 10.18999/nagjms.84.2.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection is a significant risk factor for gastric cancer. The infection is acquired mainly in early childhood and is influenced by environmental factors, including socioeconomic status and sibling number. However, the impact of socioeconomic status and sibling number on Helicobacter pylori infection has not been well studied in Japan. We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the impact of socioeconomic status, represented by education level, and sibling number on the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among 3,423 non-cancer subjects who visited Aichi Cancer Center between 2005 and 2013. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using a logistic regression model adjusted for potential confounding variables. Of the 3,423 subjects, 1,459 (42.6%) were Helicobacter pylori-positive. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection linearly decreased with increasing socioeconomic status [ORs (95% CIs) of moderate and high socioeconomic status relative to low socioeconomic status of 0.67 (0.53-0.84) and 0.43 (0.34-0.54), respectively; P trend=9.7×10-17]. In contrast, the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection linearly increased with increasing sibling number [ORs (95% CIs) of SN 3-4 and ≥5 relative to sibling number ≤2 of 1.74 (1.47-2.06) and 2.54 (2.12-3.04), respectively; P trend=1.2×10-24]. This study showed that socioeconomic status and sibling number were significantly associated with the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moaz Elshair
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
,Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
,Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
,Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tomotaka Ugai
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Isao Oze
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yumiko Kasugai
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
,Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuriko N. Koyanagi
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazuo Hara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
,Division of Descriptive Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
,Division of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Nasif WA, Hasan Mukhtar M, El-Moursy Ali AS, Nour Eldein MM, Almaimani RA, Ashgar SS. Body mass index is associated with Helicobacter pylori infection and increased oxidative DNA damage in an obese population. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221076975. [PMID: 35209724 PMCID: PMC8883312 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221076975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in a Saudi Arabian population and its association with the body mass index (BMI) and serum 8-hydroxy deoxyguanine (8-OHdG) levels as biomarker for oxidative stress. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled patients that had experienced epigastric discomfort or dyspepsia for > 1 month and had undergone diagnostic upper endoscopy. Patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 were defined as obese. The presence of anti-H. pylori antibodies was confirmed using an H. pylori immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The levels of 8-OHdG were measured using a competitive inhibition enzyme immunoassay. Results A total of 298 patients were enrolled in the study. Of these, 186 (62.4%) patients were H. pylori-positive and 112 (37.6%) patients were H. pylori-negative. The mean ± SD age of the overall study cohort was 47.17 ± 9.27 years. The H. pylori-positive patients had significantly higher levels of H. pylori IgG antibodies than H. pylori-negative patients. H. pylori prevalence linearly correlated with BMI quantile. The 8-OHdG levels were strongly associated with the BMI of the patients in the H. pylori-positive group. Conclusion Obese individuals exhibited higher H. pylori prevalence than individuals with a lean BMI (BMI < 25.00 kg/m2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam Ahmed Nasif
- Department of Biochemistry, 48058Umm Al-Qura University, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City University, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Hasan Mukhtar
- Department of Biochemistry, 48058Umm Al-Qura University, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Shaker El-Moursy Ali
- Department of Pathology, 48058Umm Al-Qura University, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al-Abdia Main Campus, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mahmoud Nour Eldein
- Department of Biochemistry, 48058Umm Al-Qura University, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Oncology Diagnostic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Riyad Adnan Almaimani
- Department of Biochemistry, 48058Umm Al-Qura University, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Sadagah Ashgar
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Furuto Y, Kawamura M, Yamashita J, Yoshikawa T, Namikawa A, Isshiki R, Takahashi H, Shibuya Y. Relationship Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Arteriosclerosis. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:1533-1540. [PMID: 33935515 PMCID: PMC8079247 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s303071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It is reported that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection may be linked to non-digestive tract diseases, such as arteriosclerosis including dyslipidemia, diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, we reviewed recent studies available in PubMed dealing with the mechanisms of arteriosclerosis due to H. pylori infection and the effects of H. pylori eradication. Conventional studies suggested that H. pylori infection may increase the risk of arteriosclerosis. A large interventional study is required to clarify the causal relationships and the effects of bacterial eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Furuto
- Department of Hypertension and Nephrology, NTT Medical Centre, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Kawamura
- Department of Hypertension and Nephrology, NTT Medical Centre, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jumpei Yamashita
- Department of Hypertension and Nephrology, NTT Medical Centre, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yoshikawa
- Department of Hypertension and Nephrology, NTT Medical Centre, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akio Namikawa
- Department of Hypertension and Nephrology, NTT Medical Centre, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rei Isshiki
- Department of Hypertension and Nephrology, NTT Medical Centre, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Takahashi
- Department of Hypertension and Nephrology, NTT Medical Centre, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Shibuya
- Department of Hypertension and Nephrology, NTT Medical Centre, Tokyo, Japan
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Rahman MM, Kibria MG, Sultana N, Akhter M, Begum H, Haque MA, Haque R, Sarker SA, Ahmed F, Hasan M. Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori and its association with metabolic syndrome in a rural community of Bangladesh. JGH Open 2021; 5:64-72. [PMID: 33490615 PMCID: PMC7812465 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM As the interrelationship between Helicobacter pylori, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is controversial, we undertook a community-based study with the aim to find the seroprevalence of H. pylori and its relationship with MetS and NAFLD. METHODS This door-to-door survey was conducted among the adult subjects (≥18 years) of two villages (Charcharia of Dhaka district and Kharrah of Munshiganj district) of Bangladesh. Interviews using a structured questionnaire, clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, ultrasonogram of the liver, and biochemical tests were performed. RESULTS Of 1021 subjects, 781 responded (76.49%), and 767 were included in the final analysis (mean age 40.35 ± 15.56 years; female 63.5%). Anti-H. pylori antibodies were found in 418 of 767 (54.5%). There were no H. pylori serostatus association with MetS and diabetes mellitus (DM) in univariate or multivariate analysis (all P > 0.05). However, H. pylori seropositive subjects had lower systolic blood pressure (odds ratio [OR] = -2.95 [-5.58, -0.32]) and low density lipoprotein -cholesterol (OR -7.79 [-15, -0.57]) compared to seronegative subjects in the linear regression model. Seronegativity of H. pylori was associated with NALFD in univariate (P = 0.007) but not multivariate analysis (P = 0.086). There were no differences in the frequency of H. pylori seropositivity among the participants with nonobese compared to obese NAFLD (19/42 [45%] vs 43/99 [43.4%], P = 0.844). CONCLUSION In a rural community of Bangladesh, about 55% of the population were H. pylori seropositive, which was more common among the underweight than normal or obese subjects. However, there was no relationship observed between H. pylori seroprevalence and MetS, DM, or NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Masudur Rahman
- Department of GastroenterologySheikh Russel National Gastroliver Institute and HospitalDhakaBangladesh
| | - Md. Golam Kibria
- Department of GastroenterologySheikh Russel National Gastroliver Institute and HospitalDhakaBangladesh
| | - Nigar Sultana
- Department of GastroenterologyDelta Medical College and HospitalDhakaBangladesh
| | - Mahfuza Akhter
- Department of GastroenterologyMughda Medical College and HospitalDhakaBangladesh
| | - Hasina Begum
- Department of Radiology and ImagingSheikh Russel National Gastroliver Institute and HospitalDhakaBangladesh
| | - Md. Ahshanul Haque
- Nutrition and Clinical Service DivisionInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b)DhakaBangladesh
| | - Rashidul Haque
- Infectious Disease DivisionInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b)DhakaBangladesh
| | - Shafiqul Alam Sarker
- Nutrition and Clinical Service DivisionInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Diseases Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b)DhakaBangladesh
| | - Faruque Ahmed
- Department of GastroenterologySheikh Russel National Gastroliver Institute and HospitalDhakaBangladesh
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Xu F, Lu X, Cheng R, Zhu Y, Miao S, Huang Q, Xu Y, Qiu L, Zhou Y. The influence of exposure to Toxoplasma Gondii on host lipid metabolism. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:415. [PMID: 32539811 PMCID: PMC7294668 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05138-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting evidence suggested a complex correlation between host lipid metabolism and Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection. However, the inherent association between T. gondii infection and host lipid state remains elusive either in mice or in human hosts. METHODS Through a study in a sample of 1045 healthy participants from eastern China, we determined the association of T. gondii infection and host lipid levels using serological methods. We then examined the host lipid levels in C57BL/6 J mice at both acute and chronic T. gondii infection stages (for a period up to 36 weeks post infection). RESULTS In our case-control study, T. gondii seropositive individuals had higher low-density lipoproteins (LDL) (P = 0.0043) and total cholesterol (TC) (P = 0.0134) levels compared to seronegative individuals. Furthermore, individuals with LDL (OR = 3.25; 95% CI:1.60-6.61) and TC (OR = 2.10; 95% CI:1.22-3.63) levels above the upper limit of normal range had higher odds ratio to be T. gondii IgG positive. Consistently, in vivo data revealed that a significantly increased LDL level was first observed at early acute stage but plateaued to later time (chronic infection with T. gondii). CONCLUSIONS In both healthy population and T. gondii-infected mice, seropositive individuals had higher LDL level. Individuals with positive T. gondii IgG had more odds of being with LDL and TC abnormality. Latent T. gondii infection is common worldwide, potential medical interventions to host lipid metabolism may be a breakthrough point to the prevention and control of this parasite infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of National Health Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases and Public Health Research Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214064, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiwan Lu
- Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuxi Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Chinese Medicine University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214071, P.R. China
| | - Ruitang Cheng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yuwei Zhu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P.R. China
| | - Sunhan Miao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P.R. China
| | - Qinyi Huang
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases and Public Health Research Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214064, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongliang Xu
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases and Public Health Research Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214064, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liying Qiu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P.R. China
| | - Yonghua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of National Health Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases and Public Health Research Center of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214064, Jiangsu, China.
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12
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Winter JR, Jackson C, Lewis JEA, Taylor GS, Thomas OG, Stagg HR. Predictors of Epstein-Barr virus serostatus and implications for vaccine policy: A systematic review of the literature. J Glob Health 2020; 10:010404. [PMID: 32257152 PMCID: PMC7125428 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.10.010404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an important human pathogen; it infects >90% people globally and is linked to infectious mononucleosis and several types of cancer. Vaccines against EBV are in development. In this study we present the first systematic review of the literature on risk factors for EBV infection, and discuss how they differ between settings, in order to improve our understanding of EBV epidemiology and aid the design of effective vaccination strategies. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science were searched on 6th March 2017 for observational studies of risk factors for EBV infection. Studies were excluded if they were published before 2008 to ensure relevance to the modern day, given the importance of influencing future vaccination policies. There were no language restrictions. After title, abstract and full text screening, followed by checking the reference lists of included studies to identify further studies, data were extracted into standardised spreadsheets and quality assessed. A narrative synthesis was undertaken. RESULTS Seventy-seven papers met our inclusion criteria, including data from 31 countries. There was consistent evidence that EBV seroprevalence was associated with age, increasing throughout childhood and adolescence and remaining constant thereafter. EBV was generally acquired at younger ages in Asia than Europe/North America. There was also compelling evidence for an association between cytomegalovirus infection and EBV. Additional factors associated with EBV seroprevalence, albeit with less consistent evidence, included ethnicity, socioeconomic status, other chronic viral infections, and genetic variants of HLA and immune response genes. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the first systematic review to draw together the global literature on the risk factors for EBV infection and includes an evaluation of the quality of the published evidence. Across the literature, the factors examined are diverse. In Asia, early vaccination of infants would be required to prevent EBV infection. In contrast, in Western countries a vaccine could be deployed later, particularly if it has only a short duration of protection and the intention was to protect against infectious mononucleosis. There is a lack of high-quality data on the prevalence and age of EBV infection outside of Europe, North America and South-East Asia, which are essential for informing effective vaccination policies in these settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne R Winter
- Centre for Molecular Epidemiology and Translational Research, Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Charlotte Jackson
- Centre for Molecular Epidemiology and Translational Research, Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, UK
| | - Joanna EA Lewis
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Modelling Methodology and Medical Research Council Centre for Outbreak Analysis and Public Health, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Contributed equally and listed alphabetically
| | - Graham S Taylor
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Contributed equally and listed alphabetically
| | - Olivia G Thomas
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen R Stagg
- Centre for Molecular Epidemiology and Translational Research, Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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13
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Freuer D, Linseisen J, Waterboer T, Pessler F, Guzmán CA, Wawro N, Peters A, Meisinger C. Seropositivity of selected chronic infections and different measures of obesity. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231974. [PMID: 32320435 PMCID: PMC7176148 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of sex-specific body fat distribution on the susceptibility to five chronic infections, helicobacter pylori and human herpesviruses 3 to 6 (i.e. varicella-zoster, Epstein-Barr, cytomegalo- and human herpesvirus 6), has not previously been examined. In the present study, seropositivity was determined via multiplex serology in serum samples of study participants collected in 2006/08 and 2013/14 during the follow-up examinations F4 (n = 3080) and FF4 (n = 2279) of the German population-based baseline KORA S4 survey. We quantified the severity of overall and abdominal obesity by body mass index, body adiposity index, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, and waist-to-height ratio. Using sex-specific logistic spline-models, cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between obesity measures and seropositivity of the previously mentioned infections were investigated. Overall and abdominal fat content were significantly associated with seropositivity of varicella-zoster virus in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses among women. In addition, a non-significant inverse relationship with Epstein-Barr virus seroprevalence in both sexes and a trend towards a positive association with human herpesvirus 6 seropositivity in women were observed. Therefore, in women total body fat may be associated with VZV-seropositivity and may influence the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, independent of adipose tissue distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Freuer
- Chair of Epidemiology at UNIKA-T Augsburg, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Augsburg, Germany
- Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Jakob Linseisen
- Chair of Epidemiology at UNIKA-T Augsburg, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Augsburg, Germany
- Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tim Waterboer
- Infections and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Pessler
- Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Carlos Alberto Guzmán
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Nina Wawro
- Chair of Epidemiology at UNIKA-T Augsburg, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Augsburg, Germany
- Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christa Meisinger
- Chair of Epidemiology at UNIKA-T Augsburg, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Augsburg, Germany
- Independent Research Group Clinical Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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14
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Fahim SM, Das S, Gazi MA, Alam MA, Mahfuz M, Ahmed T. Evidence of gut enteropathy and factors associated with undernutrition among slum-dwelling adults in Bangladesh. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 111:657-666. [PMID: 31909785 PMCID: PMC7049527 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult undernutrition (BMI <18.5 kg/m2) is responsible for immune deficits, increased risk of disease burden, and higher rates of mortality. The prevalence of adult undernutrition in Bangladesh is substantial, but there have been few studies on the etiology of this condition for the inhabitants of urban slums. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify the factors associated with undernutrition among slum-dwelling adults in Bangladesh. METHODS A case-control study was conducted in the Bauniabadh area of Dhaka, Bangladesh. 270 adult participants (135 cases with a BMI <18.5 and 135 controls with a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9) aged 18-45 y were enrolled between October 2018 and January 2019. Sociodemographic variables, dietary diversity, micronutrient deficiencies, psychological symptoms, infection, and biomarkers of gut health were assessed to identify the factors associated with undernutrition using multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS A higher number of siblings [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.39; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.77], increased self-reporting questionnaire-20 score (an instrument to screen mental health disorders and detect psychological symptoms) (aOR: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.23), elevated fecal concentration of α-1 antitrypsin (aOR: 4.82; 95% CI: 1.01, 25.29), and anemia (aOR: 3.63; 95% CI: 1.62, 8.58) were positively associated with undernutrition in adults. Age (aOR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.84, 0.96), dietary diversity score (aOR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.99), C-reactive protein (aOR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.73, 0.92), Helicobacter pylori infection (aOR: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.23), and always washing hands before eating or preparing foods (aOR: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.87) were associated with reduced odds of undernutrition among the study population. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that undernutrition in slum-dwelling adults in Bangladesh is associated with numerous physiological and sociodemographic factors, including evidence of gastrointestinal inflammation and altered intestinal permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shah Mohammad Fahim
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh,Address correspondence to SMF (e-mail: )
| | - Subhasish Das
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Amran Gazi
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ashraful Alam
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mustafa Mahfuz
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh,Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere, Tanpere, Finland
| | - Tahmeed Ahmed
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b), Dhaka, Bangladesh,Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA,James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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15
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Mashili F, Joachim A, Aboud S, Mchembe M, Chiwanga F, Addo J, Kendall L, Ako A, Abbas Z. Prospective exploration of the effect of adiposity and associated microbial factors on healing and progression of diabetic foot ulcers in Tanzania: study protocol of a longitudinal cohort study. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e031896. [PMID: 31848165 PMCID: PMC6937068 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are associated with high morbidity and mortality in low-income countries. This coexists with an increasing prevalence of obesity which has been reported to alter antimicrobial susceptibility and potentially affect the outcome of infected foot ulcers. This study aims to determine whether adiposity and local microbial factors affect the progression and healing of foot ulcers in people with type 2 diabetes in hospital settings in Tanzania. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A prospective cohort of 300 individuals with type 2 diabetes presenting with DFUs at an outpatient clinic will be enrolled into the study. At baseline, participants will be stratified into normal and high adiposity groups (150 per group) as measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Both groups will receive DFU management according to locally appropriate standards of care and will be followed up for 24 weeks or until complete wound healing, whichever occurs first. The primary end point is complete wound healing at 24 weeks while secondary end points are ulcer progression (worsening or improving), amputation and death. Enrolling 150 participants per group will have a minimum power of 80% to detect a 20% difference in cumulative incidence of complete ulcer healing (at the 5% level of statistical significance) between the normal and high adiposity groups. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND DISSEMINATION OF RESULTS This study will be conducted in compliance with the independent institutional review boards (IRBs), informed consent guidelines, the declaration of Helsinki and International Conference on Harmonisation, Good Clinical Practice Guidelines. Ethical clearance has been granted by the Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences ethical review board (MUHAS Ref. No. DA.282/298/01 .C/). Permissions to conduct the study have been granted by the Abbas Medical Centre and the Muhimbili Academic Medical Centre (MAMC).Progress and results emanating from this work will be communicated to the scientific community through conference presentations, short communications (using journal letters and interesting case reports) and peer-reviewed publications. When necessary, through proper channels, popular means of communication (newspapers, magazines and online communications) will be used to inform policy and the public. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03960255; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredirick Mashili
- Physiology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salam, Tanzania
| | - Agricola Joachim
- Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Said Aboud
- Microbiology and Immunology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Mabulla Mchembe
- Surgery, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Faraja Chiwanga
- Endocrinology and Diabetes, Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Juliet Addo
- Global catalyst, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Lindsay Kendall
- Global catalyst, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Agbor Ako
- Global catalyst, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Zulfiqar Abbas
- Internal medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Medicine, Abbas Medical Center, Dar es Salam, Tanzania
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16
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Central obesity is associated with helicobacter pylori infection: a large-scale cross-sectional retrospective study in West China. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-019-00765-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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17
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Chen LW, Kuo SF, Chen CH, Chien CH, Lin CL, Chien RN. A community-based study on the association between Helicobacter pylori Infection and obesity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10746. [PMID: 30013128 PMCID: PMC6048143 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28792-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection can induce chronic inflammation and is associated with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) changes. This study aimed to evaluate the association between H. pylori infection and overweight/obesity. This research was a cross-sectional study conducted from March 2014 to November 2016, using data from the three districts in the northeastern region of Taiwan. The inclusion criteria were an age >30 years and the absence of pregnancy. Ultimately, 2686 subjects (1713 women) were included in this study. Among the subjects aged less than 50 years, the subjects with H. pylori infection had higher mean BMI values than those without H. pylori infection (40-49 years: 25.7 ± 4.4 vs. 24.7 ± 3.8, P = 0.025; 30-39 years: 24.9 ± 4.4 vs. 24.0 ± 4.1, P = 0.063). H. pylori infection increased the risk of being obese 2 (BMI ≥30) (odds ratio, OR = 1.836, 95% CI = 1.079-3.125, P = 0.025) with adjustments for demographic factors in subjects aged less than 50 years. In conclusions, subjects with H. pylori infection and age less than 50 years may increase a risk of being obesity (BMI ≥30) compared to those without this type of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Fong Kuo
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.,Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Chen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hung Chien
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Lang Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Nan Chien
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan. .,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.
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18
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Toyoshima O, Nishizawa T, Arita M, Kataoka Y, Sakitani K, Yoshida S, Yamashita H, Hata K, Watanabe H, Suzuki H. Helicobacter pylori infection in subjects negative for high titer serum antibody. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:1419-1428. [PMID: 29632423 PMCID: PMC5889822 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i13.1419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the clinicopathological features of the patients testing negative for high titer serum anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) antibody. METHODS The antibody titers were measured using antigens derived from Japanese individuals. 13C-urea breath test-positive individuals were defined as having H. pylori infection. We investigated the demographic characteristics, laboratory data, endoscopic findings including Kyoto classification of gastritis, and histology in negative-high titer patients without H. pylori eradication therapy. Kyoto classification consisted of scores for gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, enlarged folds, nodularity, and redness. RESULTS Of the 136 subjects enrolled, 23 (17%) had H. pylori infection. Kyoto classification had an excellent area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (0.886, 95% confidence interval: 0.803-0.968, P = 3.7 × 10-20) for predicting H. pylori infection with a cut-off value of 2. Further, Kyoto classification, H. pylori density, and neutrophil activity had high accuracies (89.7%, 96.3%, and 94.1%, respectively). Kyoto classification was independent of the demographic and laboratory parameters in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Endoscopic Kyoto classification of gastritis is a useful predictor of H. pylori infection in negative-high titer antibody patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Toyoshima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic, Tokyo 1570066, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Nishizawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic, Tokyo 1570066, Japan
| | - Masahide Arita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic, Tokyo 1570066, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kataoka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic, Tokyo 1570066, Japan
| | - Kosuke Sakitani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic, Tokyo 1570066, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic, Tokyo 1570066, Japan
| | - Hiroharu Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic, Tokyo 1570066, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toyoshima Endoscopy Clinic, Tokyo 1570066, Japan
| | - Hidenobu Watanabe
- Department of Pathology, Pathology and Cytology Laboratory Japan, Tokyo 1660003, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Suzuki
- Medical Education Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 1608582, Japan
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19
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Is early life exposure to polyomaviruses and herpesviruses associated with obesity indices and metabolic traits in childhood? Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 42:1590-1601. [PMID: 29445241 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence for an infectious origin of obesity is emerging. We explored whether common viruses were associated with obesity and metabolic traits. METHODS We used cross-sectional (n = 674) and prospective (n = 440) data from children participating at the 4 and 6 years of age follow-up in the Rhea birth cohort. Presence of IgG antibodies to ten polyomaviruses (BKPyV, JCPyV, KIPyV, WUPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7, TSPyV, MCPyV, HPyV9, and HPyV10) and four herpesviruses (EBV, CMV, HSV-1, and HSV-2) were measured at age 4. Body mass index, waist circumference, and skinfold thickness were measured at age 4 and 6. Data on serum lipids, leptin, and adiponectin were also available. Multivariable linear regression models were used to explore the associations. RESULTS At 4 years of age, seroprevalence to polyomaviruses ranged from 21.0% for HPyV9 to 82.0% for HPyV10. Seroprevalence for EBV, CMV, HSV-1, and HSV-2 was 53.0%, 26.0%, 3.6%, and 1.5% respectively. BKPyV seropositivity was associated with lower BMI SD score at age 4 [-0.21 (95% CI: -0.39, -0.03)] and 6 [-0.27 (95% CI:-0.48, -0.05)], waist circumference at age 4 [-1.12 cm (95% CI: -2.10, -0.15)] and 6 [-1.73 cm (95% CI: -3.33, -0.12)], sum of four skinfolds [-2.97 mm (95% CI: -5.70, -0.24)], and leptin levels at age 4 [ratio of geometric means, 0.83 (95% CI: 0.70, 0.98)]. CMV seropositivity was associated with higher BMI SD score at age 4 [0.28 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.45)] and 6 [0.24 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.45)] and sum of four skinfolds at age 6 [4.75 mm (95% CI: 0.67, 8.83)]. Having "2-3 herpesviruses infections" (versus "0 herpesvirus infections") was associated with higher BMI SD score [0.32, (95% CI: 0.12, 0.53)], waist circumference [1.22 cm (95% CI: 0.13, 2.31)], and sum of four skinfolds [3.26 mm (95% CI: 0.18, 6.35)] at age 4. Polyomaviruses burden was not associated with outcomes. CONCLUSIONS A higher herpesviruses burden and CMV seropositivity were associated with obesity traits in childhood.
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20
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The Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Estonian Bariatric Surgery Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020338. [PMID: 29364158 PMCID: PMC5855560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is one of the most important human pathogens that can cause duodenal and gastric ulcers, gastritis and stomach cancer. Hp infection is considered to be a cause of limiting access to bariatric surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Hp in patients with obesity going into bariatric surgery and to reveal the relationship between Hp and clinical data. The study group was formed of 68 preoperative bariatric surgery patients (body mass index (BMI) 44.7 ± 4.8). Gastric biopsies (antrum and corpus) were used for histological and molecular (caqA and glmM genes) examinations. The PCR method revealed Hp infection in 64.7% of obese patients that is higher in comparison with histological analysis (55.9%). The prevalence of cagA and glmM genes in antrum mucosa was 45.6% and 47.0% while in the corpus it was 41.2% and 38.3%, respectively. The coincidence of both cagA and glmM virulence genes in the antrum and corpus mucosa was 33.8% and 22.1%, respectively. Either of the genes was found in 58.8% of antrum and 57.3% of corpus mucosa. Presence of caqA and glmM genes was in association with active and atrophic chronic gastritis. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that two thirds of morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery are infected with Hp and have a high prevalence of cagA and glmM virulence genes that points out the necessity for diagnostics and treatment of this infection before surgery.
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Liu SH, Tzeng IS, Hsieh TH, Huang YC. Associations between excessive adiposity and seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 among US adults: a population-based age-period-cohort analysis. BMJ Open 2016; 6:e012571. [PMID: 27798014 PMCID: PMC5073520 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evidence on the association between herpes simplex virus (HSV) and excessive adiposity, such as obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2) and abdominal obesity (waist circumference (WC) >102 or 88 cm), has been inconsistent. We sought to examine whether age-period-cohort (APC) effects could explain for the observed heterogeneities. DESIGN Population-based cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS Adults aged 20-49 years with available serological data in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 1999-2012. EXPOSURE MEASURES Obesity and abdominal obesity. RESULTS In men, excessive adiposity was generally not associated with HSV1 or HSV2 (all p>0.05); however, there were positive correlations between HSV seroprevalence and excessive adiposity in certain age and birth cohort groups. Based on APC analysis, abdominally obese men aged 30-40 years showed a nearly 20% increase in risk for HSV1 seropositivity (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR)=1.18; 95% CI 1.10 to 1.27) as compared with abdominally non-obese men of the same age; there was no such association in men of other age groups. Also, men of a large WC who were born before 1962 or after 1979 had a 28% higher risk for HSV2 seropositivity than those of a normal WC in the same birth cohorts (aPR=1.28, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.54); yet the association did not hold for men in other cohorts (aPR=0.86, 95% CI 0.64 to 1.17). In women, a large WC was correlated with a minimally increased HSV1 seroprevalence (aPR=1.07, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.13) but not with HSV2 seropositivity (aPR=1.13; 95% CI 0.99 to 1.28). Likewise, there were strong associations between abdominal obesity and HSV2 seropositivity in subgroups of women participating in the earliest survey cycle (aPR=1.41, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.78) but not in other survey periods (aPR=0.94, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.03). CONCLUSIONS There was no consistent evidence for strong associations between HSV seropositivity and excessive adiposity in adults. APC analysis results further cautioned the generalisability of previous reports based on 1 or 2 cycles of survey data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hsun Liu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - I-Shiang Tzeng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Han Hsieh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Yhu-Chering Huang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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Choi JS, Ko KO, Lim JW, Cheon EJ, Lee GM, Yoon JM. The Association between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Body Weight among Children. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 2016; 19:110-5. [PMID: 27437187 PMCID: PMC4942308 DOI: 10.5223/pghn.2016.19.2.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We performed to reveal the association between the Helicobacter pylori infection and body weight among children. METHODS Out retrospective study included patients who underwent the H. pylori immunoglobulin G testing at Konyang University Hospital between March 2011 and June 2014. These patients were classified as seropositive (28 boys, 27 girls; mean age: 9.89±3.28 years) or seronegative (55 boys, 54 girls; mean age: 9.84±3.02 years). Next, we compared various characteristics between the seropositive and negative groups, as well as between obese children (body weight ≥90th percentile) and non-obese children (body weight <90th percentile). Furthermore, we compared the change in body weight after 2 months of treatment with amoxicillin, clarithromycin and omeprazole among the 55 seropositive children (14 treated children and 41 non-treated children). RESULTS There were no differences in the weights and laboratory data for the 55 seropositive children and 109 seronegative children (weight; 40.96±18.11 kg vs. 36.85±13.72 kg, respectively; p=0.14). And, there was no difference in the prevalence of H. pylori infection among the 29 obese and 135 non-obese children (p=0.581). However, after 2 months of eradication, the 14 treated patients exhibited a significant weight gain (+0.91±0.52 kg), compared to the 41 non-treated patients (-0.29±1.16 kg, p=0.025). CONCLUSION Our findings present that obesity was not associated with the H. pylori infection, although H. pylori eradication led to significant increase in body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sik Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyung Og Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae Woo Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Cheon
- Department of Pediatrics, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Gyung Min Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jung Min Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
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Dhurandhar NV, Bailey D, Thomas D. Interaction of obesity and infections. Obes Rev 2015; 16:1017-29. [PMID: 26354800 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that certain infections may induce obesity. Obese persons may also have more severe infections and have compromised response to therapies. The objective of this study is to review the available literature identifying infections that potentially contribute to greater body mass index (BMI) and differential responses of overweight and obese persons to infections. A systematic literature review of human studies examining associations between infections and weight gain, differential susceptibility, severity, and response to prevention and treatment of infection according to BMI status (January 1980-July 2014) was conducted. Three hundred and forty-three studies were eligible for inclusion. Evidence indicated that viral infection by human adenovirus Ad36 and antibiotic eradication of Helicobacter pylori were followed by weight gain. People who were overweight or obese had higher susceptibility to developing post-surgical infections, H1N1 influenza and periodontal disease. More severe infections tended to be present in people with a larger BMI. People with a higher BMI had a reduced response to vaccinations and antimicrobial drugs. Higher doses of antibiotics were more effective in obese patients. Infections may influence BMI, and BMI status may influence response to certain infections, as well as to preventive and treatment measures. These observations have potential clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Dhurandhar
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - D Bailey
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - D Thomas
- Center for Quantitative Obesity Research, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA
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HAINER V, ZAMRAZILOVÁ H, KUNEŠOVÁ M, BENDLOVÁ B, ALDHOON-HAINEROVÁ I. Obesity and Infection: Reciprocal Causality. Physiol Res 2015; 64:S105-19. [DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Associations between different infectious agents and obesity have been reported in humans for over thirty years. In many cases, as in nosocomial infections, this relationship reflects the greater susceptibility of obese individuals to infection due to impaired immunity. In such cases, the infection is not related to obesity as a causal factor but represents a complication of obesity. In contrast, several infections have been suggested as potential causal factors in human obesity. However, evidence of a causal linkage to human obesity has only been provided for adenovirus 36 (Adv36). This virus activates lipogenic and proinflammatory pathways in adipose tissue, improves insulin sensitivity, lipid profile and hepatic steatosis. The E4orf1 gene of Adv36 exerts insulin senzitizing effects, but is devoid of its pro-inflammatory modalities. The development of a vaccine to prevent Adv36-induced obesity or the use of E4orf1 as a ligand for novel antidiabetic drugs could open new horizons in the prophylaxis and treatment of obesity and diabetes. More experimental and clinical studies are needed to elucidate the mutual relations between infection and obesity, identify additional infectious agents causing human obesity, as well as define the conditions that predispose obese individuals to specific infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. HAINER
- Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
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25
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Fungal DNA in dust in Swedish day care centres: associations with respiratory symptoms, fractional exhaled nitrogen oxide (FeNO) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in serum among day care centre staff. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2015; 89:331-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s00420-015-1076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Oz HS. Toxoplasmosis complications and novel therapeutic synergism combination of diclazuril plus atovaquone. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:484. [PMID: 25309522 PMCID: PMC4164033 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a major cause of foodborne disease, congenital complication, and morbidity. There is an urgent need for safe and effective therapies to encounter congenital and persisting toxoplasmosis. The hypothesis was: combination diclazuril plus atovaquone to exert a novel therapeutic synergy to prevent toxoplasmosis syndromes. Methods: Pregnant dams were treated with diclazuril and atovaquone monotherapy or combination therapy and infected i.p with Toxoplasma tachyzoites. Results: Infected dams developed severe toxoplasmosis associated syndrome with increases in the abdominal adiposity surrounding uteri, gansterointestinal and other internal organs and excessive weight gain. Numerous organisms along with infiltration of inflammatory cells were detected scattered into adipose tissues. Combination therapy (p < 0.01) and to a lesser extent diclazuril (p < 0.05) protected dams from inflammatory fat and excess weight gains. This was consistent with pancreatitis development in infected dams (versus normal p < 0.05) with infiltration of inflammatory cells, degeneration and necrosis of pancreatic cells followed by the degeneration and loss of islets. Combination and monotherapy protected dams from these inflammatory and pathological aspects of pancreatitis. Infected dams exhibited severe colitis, and colonic tissues significantly shortened in length. Brush border epithelial cells were replaced with infiltration of lymphocytes, granulocytes, and microabscess formations into cryptic microstructures. Combination therapy synergistically preserved colonic structure and normalized pathological damages (p < 0.001) and to a lesser degree diclazuril monotherapy protected dams from colitis (p < 0.05) and gastrointestinal toxoplasmosis. Other complications included severe splenitis (p < 0.001) and hepatitis (p < 0.001) which were normalized with combination therapy. Conclusion: Combination diclazuril plus atovaquone was safe and with a novel therapeutic synergism protected dams and fetuses from toxoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helieh S Oz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky Medical Center Lexington, KY, USA
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27
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Reeves GM, Mazaheri S, Snitker S, Langenberg P, Giegling I, Hartmann AM, Konte B, Friedl M, Okusaga O, Groer MW, Mangge H, Weghuber D, Allison DB, Rujescu D, Postolache TT. A Positive Association between T. gondii Seropositivity and Obesity. Front Public Health 2013; 1:73. [PMID: 24400300 PMCID: PMC3872312 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2013.00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global public health problem that is linked with morbidity, mortality, and functional limitations and has limited options for sustained interventions. Novel targets for prevention and intervention require further research into the pathogenesis of obesity. Consistently, elevated markers of inflammation have been reported in association with obesity, but their causes and consequences are not well understood. An emerging field of research has investigated the association of infections and environmental pathogens with obesity, potential causes of low grade inflammation that may mediate obesity risk. In this study, we estimate the possible association between Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection and obesity in a sample of 999 psychiatrically healthy adults. Individuals with psychiatric conditions, including personality disorders, were excluded because of the association between positive serology to T. gondii and various forms of serious mental illness that have a strong association with obesity. In our sample, individuals with positive T. gondii serology had twice the odds of being obese compared to seronegative individuals (p = 0.01). Further, individuals who were obese had significant higher T. gondii IgG titers compared to individuals who were non-obese. Latent T. gondii infection is very common worldwide, so potential public health interventions related to this parasite can have a high impact on associated health concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria M Reeves
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Innovations Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland, School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA ; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland, School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - Sara Mazaheri
- St. Elizabeths Hospital, Psychiatry ResidencyTraining Program , Washington, DC , USA
| | - Soren Snitker
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - Patricia Langenberg
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland, School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - Ina Giegling
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg , Halle , Germany
| | - Annette M Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg , Halle , Germany
| | - Bettina Konte
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg , Halle , Germany
| | - Marion Friedl
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg , Halle , Germany
| | - Olaoluwa Okusaga
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston , TX , USA
| | - Maureen W Groer
- Colleges of Nursing and Medicine, University of South Florida , Tampa, FL , USA
| | - Harald Mangge
- Research Unit on Lifestyle and Inflammation-associated Risk Biomarkers, Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnosis, Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria
| | - Daniel Weghuber
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical School , Salzburg , Austria
| | - David B Allison
- Section on Statistical Genetics, Department of Biostatistics, Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, AL , USA
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg , Halle , Germany
| | - Teodor T Postolache
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Innovations Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland, School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA ; Mood and Anxiety Disorder Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland, School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA
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Munger KL, Bentzen J, Laursen B, Stenager E, Koch-Henriksen N, Sørensen TIA, Baker JL. Childhood body mass index and multiple sclerosis risk: a long-term cohort study. Mult Scler 2013; 19:1323-9. [PMID: 23549432 DOI: 10.1177/1352458513483889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity in late adolescence has been associated with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS); however, it is not known if body size in childhood is associated with MS risk. METHODS Using a prospective design we examined whether body mass index (BMI) at ages 7-13 years was associated with MS risk among 302,043 individuals in the Copenhagen School Health Records Register (CSHRR). Linking the CSHRR with the Danish MS registry yielded 774 MS cases (501 girls, 273 boys). We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Among girls, at each age 7-13 years, a one-unit increase in BMI z-score was associated with an increased risk of MS (HR(age 7)=1.20, 95% CI: 1.10-1.30; HR(age 13)=1.18, 95% CI: 1.08-1.28). Girls who were ≥95(th) percentile for BMI had a 1.61-1.95-fold increased risk of MS as compared to girls <85(th) percentile. The associations were attenuated in boys. The pooled HR for a one-unit increase in BMI z-score at age 7 years was 1.17 (95% CI: 1.09-1.26) and at age 13 years was 1.15 (95% CI: 1.07-1.24). CONCLUSION Having a high BMI in early life is a risk factor for MS, but the mechanisms underlying the association remain to be elucidated.
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Ando T, Ishikawa T, Takagi T, Imamoto E, Kishimoto E, Okajima A, Uchiyama K, Handa O, Yagi N, Kokura S, Naito Y, Mizuno S, Asakawa A, Inui A, Yoshikawa T. Impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on circulating adiponectin in humans. Helicobacter 2013; 18:158-64. [PMID: 23167259 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and metabolic syndrome is not well understood. Adiponectin is an adipose-derived protein considered to play a significant role in the development of metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to clarify the influence of H. pylori infection on circulating adiponectin in humans. METHODS In a prospective study, 456 patients underwent endoscopy and H. pylori testing. All of the 338 H. pylori -positive patients received eradication therapy. Treatment was successful in 241 patients. Circulating adiponectin and other metabolic parameters were measured at baseline in all patients and 12 weeks after eradication therapy in those initially positive for H. pylori. RESULTS Circulating adiponectin levels were not different between H. pylori -positive and H. pylori -negative patients. In the group with successful eradication, levels of total adiponectin and each multimer form were significantly increased after therapy. Conversely, the levels of total adiponectin and high-molecular-weight adiponectin, but not middle-molecular-weight and low-molecular-weight adiponectin, were increased in the group with unsuccessful eradication after the therapy. CONCLUSIONS Eradication therapy of H. pylori increased circulating adiponectin levels in Japanese individuals and could be beneficial for preventing metabolic syndrome conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ando
- Department of Gastroenterology, Social Insurance Kyoto Hospital, Koyamashimofusa-cho 27, Kita-ku, Kyoto, 603-8151, Japan.
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Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in bariatric patients: a histologic assessment. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2012; 9:679-85. [PMID: 23246321 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on rates of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in morbidly obese patients awaiting bariatric surgery are conflicting because of small sample size and variability in diagnostic testing. The objective of this study was to determine the rate of biopsy-proven active HP infection in morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. METHODS Retrospective analysis was done on all morbidly obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery between 2001 and 2009. All patients underwent preoperative upper endoscopy with biopsy to evaluate HP status. All endoscopies and surgeries were performed by a single endoscopist and surgeon, respectively. Data were analyzed with Student t test, Pearson χ(2) test, and logistic regression for multivariate analysis. RESULTS The 611 patients included 79 males (12.9%) and 532 females (87.1%). Mean age was 39.9 ± 10.7 years, and mean body mass index (BMI) was 47.8 ± 6.4 kg/m(2). The overall HP infection rate was 23.7%. Rate of infection did not differ between gender (22.8% in males, 23.9% in females; P = .479) or BMI (48.6 ± 6.5 kg/m(2) in HP-positive patients, 47.5 ± 6.4 kg/m(2) in HP-negative patients; P = .087). Patients with HP were older compared with those without infection (41.2 versus 38.7 years; P =.016). Hispanics had a higher prevalence of HP (OR 2.35; P = .023). CONCLUSION Increasing BMI is not an independent risk factor for active HP infection within the morbidly obese patient population. Need for invasive testing to detect HP infection in these patients should be re-evaluated. Other methods of detecting active HP infection should be considered as an alternative to invasive or serologic testing.
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Aetiological factors behind adipose tissue inflammation: an unexplored research area. Public Health Nutr 2012; 16:27-35. [PMID: 22464010 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980012000894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Despite extensive research into the biological mechanisms behind obesity-related inflammation, knowledge of environmental and genetic factors triggering such mechanisms is limited. In the present narrative review we present potential determinants of adipose tissue inflammation and suggest ways ahead for future research in the field. DESIGN We searched the literature for potential determinants of obesity with inflammation through MEDLINE by applying the MeSH headings 'obesity' and 'inflammation' in combination with specific terms for a series of environmental and genetic factors. RESULTS Numerous articles reported on the association between environmental or genetic factors and respectively obesity and inflammation, whereas only a few studies assessed obesity and inflammation as a combined outcome. Among suggested determinants for obesity with inflammation were Adenovirus-36, the gut microbiota, trans-fatty acids, and the four genes FTO, MC4R, TNF-α and LEPR. CONCLUSIONS We present a limited number of factors potentially contributing to the development of obesity with inflammation, while concluding that overall the area is indeed sparsely investigated. We present ideas for future studies that can identify relevant aetiological factors. This identification is essential for targeted prevention of obesity with inflammation and the clinical consequences thereof.
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Vahdat K, Azizi F, Zandi K, Assadi M, Nabipour I. Chronic Inflammation Is Correlated with Percentage of Body Fat Independent of the Burden of Infection. Inflammation 2012; 35:1322-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-012-9445-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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A pilot study on the association between double positive Chlamydia pneumoniae serology and serum lipid indices alterations in obese adult females. Life Sci 2011; 89:854-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2011.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Revised: 07/30/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Chlamydophila pneumoniae antibodies may be independently associated with increased BMI and percentage of body fat among women. Int J Obes (Lond) 2011; 35:1225-32. [PMID: 21206480 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2010.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the potential association between Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection and obesity indicators after controlling for nutrient and energy intake, as well as age, smoking status, physical activity and educational level. SUBJECTS A total of 118 healthy adult females randomly recruited from the local community of Bydgoszcz, aged 20-80 years. METHODS Serum was tested for specific IgG antibodies against C. pneumoniae using qualitative enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Usual dietary intake was assessed by a 7-day food record. Information regarding smoking, physical activity and educational level was collected using the questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI) and percentage of total body fat (%FM) were calculated respectively, as weight (kilograms) divided by height (meters) squared and with the equations of Durnin and Womersley. RESULTS The prevalence of C. pneumoniae infection was significantly higher among overweight/obese subjects (77.1 vs 60.0%; P=0.047) in comparison with normal-weight individuals. Using multivariate regression analysis, a significant positive association of BMI (β=0.194; P=0.036) and %FM (β=0.176; P=0.049) with C. pneumoniae IgG antibody positivity was found after adjustment for age, total energy intake, percentage of energy from fat, carbohydrate and protein, physical activity, educational level and smoking habits. Moreover, the multivariable adjusted odds ratio of being overweight/obese for the seropositive group compared with seronegative individuals was 1.70 (95% confidence interval: 1.02-2.89; P=0.037). CONCLUSION The results indicated that C. pneumoniae infection may be associated with a risk of becoming overweight/developing obesity independently of dietary and lifestyle factors.
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Chlamydia antibodies and self-reported symptoms of oligo-amenorrhea and hirsutism: a new etiologic factor in polycystic ovary syndrome? Fertil Steril 2010; 94:1799-804. [PMID: 19931073 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Revised: 10/09/2009] [Accepted: 10/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the systemic inflammation induced by chlamydial infections might be associated with symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). DESIGN Nested case-control study. SETTING A questionnaire including questions about hirsutism and oligo-amenorrhea was distributed to a representative sample of women (at age 31) from the general population-based Northern Finland Birth Cohort. Those who reported both symptoms were defined as symptomatic (n=81). PATIENT(S) A representative sample of women (at age 31) from the general population-based Northern Finland Birth Cohort. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) To test the presence of serum antibodies to Chlamydia pneumoniae (IgG titers ≥32) and Chlamydia trachomatis (IgG titers ≥8) by microimmunofluorescence in symptomatic and control women. RESULT(S) Antibodies were investigated in 79 symptomatic and 1427 control women (C. pneumoniae) and in 79 symptomatic and 425 control women (C trachomatis). C. trachomatis antibodies (odds ratio [OR], 2.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-4.6) and C. pneumoniae antibodies (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.0-2.4) were more commonly present in symptomatic women, and the simultaneous presence of elevated highly sensitive C-reactive protein levels strengthened this association. CONCLUSION(S) Chronic inflammation, which is associated with chlamydial infections, could contribute to the pathogenetic processes that lead to the metabolic and hormonal disorders of PCOS.
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Ricart W, Fernández-Real JM. [Insulin resistance as a mechanism of adaptation during human evolution]. ENDOCRINOLOGIA Y NUTRICION : ORGANO DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ENDOCRINOLOGIA Y NUTRICION 2010; 57:381-390. [PMID: 20675202 DOI: 10.1016/j.endonu.2010.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Revised: 05/06/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The recent application of concepts of evolution to human disease is proving useful to understand certain pathophysiological mechanisms of different entities that span genomic alterations of immunity, respiratory and hormone function, and the circulatory and neural systems. However, effort has concentrated on explaining the keys to adaptation that define human metabolism and, since the early 1960s, several theories have been developed. This article reviews some of the hypotheses postulated in recent years on the potential benefit of insulin resistance and discusses the most recent knowledge. The concept of the thrifty gene seems to have been definitively refuted by current knowledge. The current paradigm describes an interaction between the metabolic and the immune systems resulting from their coevolution, promoted by evolutionary pressures triggered by fasting, infection and intake of different foods. The activation and regulation of these ancient mechanisms in integrated and interdependent areas defines insulin resistance as a survival strategy that is critical during fasting and in the fight against infection. The relationship with some components of the diet and, particularly, with the symbiotic intestinal microflora points to new paradigms in understanding the pathophysiology of obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Ricart
- Servicio de Diabetis, Endocrinologia i Nutrició, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta, Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Girona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Girona, España.
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Chlamydia pneumoniae infection is associated with elevated body mass index in young men. Epidemiol Infect 2009; 138:1267-73. [PMID: 20018131 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268809991452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia pneumoniae infection is said to be associated with obesity. We studied the association between C. pneumoniae infection and inflammation and increased BMI in 891 Finnish military recruits. IgG seropositivity in arrival and departure serum samples during 6-12 months of military service was considered as persistence of antibodies and a possible indication of chronic infection. Persistently high C-reactive protein (CRP) level (elevated on arrival and departure) (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.3-3.9), and persistent C. pneumoniae antibodies (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.5-2.8) were significant risk factors for overweight (BMI 25 kg/m2). In addition, those who had persistent antibodies and persistently elevated CRP levels, or those who had either of them, had a significantly higher BMI (kg/m2) compared to those who had neither of them (25.8 vs. 24.6 vs. 23.5, respectively; P<0.001). These results provide new information about the association between possible chronic C. pneumoniae infection and obesity in young men.
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Arslan E, Atilgan H, Yavaşoğlu I. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in obese subjects. Eur J Intern Med 2009; 20:695-7. [PMID: 19818289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2009.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2009] [Revised: 07/24/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are important because of the problems they lead and their frequency of occurrence. In this study, we aimed to find out the prevalence of H. pylori infection and the relationship between obesity and H. pylori in obese and normal weight subjects. METHODS A total of 214 subjects were (103 obese (71 male, 32 female), and 111 control (60 male, 51 female)) admitted to the study. Body mass indices (BMI) of all subjects were calculated and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), blood lipids and H. pylori positivity were studied. RESULTS The mean age of the obese and control groups was (24.3+/-5.4 yr), and (25.5+/-5.4 yr), and the mean BMI was (34.6+/-3.7 kg/m(2)), and (24.2+/-2.8 kg/m(2)) respectively. We didn't observe a significant difference between FPG, Total-C, and LDL-C levels of the obese and control groups, however there was a difference between gastrointestinal symptoms, sistolic and diastolic BP, TG and HDL-C levels. H. pylori prevalence was determined at 57.2% (59/103) in obese group and 27.0% (30/111) in control group (odds ratio=2.11; 95% CI, 1.49-3.00; p<0.001) and 41.5% (89/214) in all study population. CONCLUSION In our study, we determined that prevalence of H. pylori increased in subjects with obesity. We consider that obesity can be a risk factor for H. pylori infection. However, further studies evaluating more subjects are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erol Arslan
- Balmumcu Military Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To evaluate the influence of Helicobacter pylori infection on the gastric regulation of food intake and body weight. RECENT FINDINGS H. pylori infection leads to a decrease of circulating ghrelin through a reduction of ghrelin-producing cells in the gastric mucosa and increases the amount of gastric leptin with no effect on circulating leptin levels. Eradication of H. pylori reverses the abnormal regulation of gastric hormone secretion. This finding is suggested to favor weight gain after H. pylori eradication and points to the potential effect of H. pylori in the pathophysiology of obesity. SUMMARY H. pylori has an influence on the release of gastric hormones and therefore plays a role in the regulation of body weight, hunger and satiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Weigt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-v.-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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Lajunen T, Vikatmaa P, Bloigu A, Ikonen T, Lepäntalo M, Pussinen PJ, Saikku P, Leinonen M. Chlamydial LPS and high-sensitivity CRP levels in serum are associated with an elevated body mass index in patients with cardiovascular disease. Innate Immun 2009; 14:375-82. [PMID: 19039061 DOI: 10.1177/1753425908099172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Seropositivity for Chlamydia pneumoniae has been associated with an elevated body mass index (BMI). Our aim was to study if serum chlamydial lipopolysaccharide (cLPS), C. pneumoniae antibodies and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels are associated with BMI. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study population consisted of 174 patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis, abdominal aortic aneurysm or occlusive aortic disease. Information on BMI, diabetes, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, and statin medication was available. Serum C. pneumoniae IgG and IgA antibodies, cLPS, hsCRP and total endotoxin activity (totLPS) were measured. RESULTS BMI correlated with cLPS (r = 0.197; P < 0.01) and with hsCRP (rho = 0.195; P < 0.01); in addition, there was a positive correlation between cLPS and hsCRP (rho = 0.499; P < 0.01). A trend of an increasing proportion of C. pneumoniae IgG positivity (titre > or = 64; P = 0.018) and higher serum cLPS (P = 0.01) and hsCRP (P = 0.01) concentrations was observed across the BMI groups (BMI < or = 24.9 kg/m(2), BMI = 25.0-29.9 kg/m(2), and BMI > or = 30.0 kg/m(2)). Among the three BMI groups, 24.6%, 38.8%, and 48.3% were C. pneumoniae IgG-positive and the median (IQR) cLPS concentrations (ng/ml) of the groups were: 92.6 (50.8-167.0), 128.9 (76.4-163.9), and 146.4 (105.8-175.8), respectively. The median (IQR) hsCRP (mg/l) concentrations of the groups were: 1.70 (0.70-3.05) 1.70 (0.80-5.20), and 3.40 (1.45-8.55), respectively. These associations remained statistically significant in a multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS Elevated serum cLPS levels were associated with an elevated BMI. This is a novel finding and it strengthens the link between chlamydial infection and obesity. A lack of association between totLPS and BMI suggests that the association between infection and an elevated BMI may be specific to certain pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taina Lajunen
- Respiratory Infection Unit, National Public Health Institute, Oulu, Finland.
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