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Shaker N, Phelps R, Niedt G, Patel A, Wu D, Aung PP, Prieto V, Church A, Pradhan D. Cutaneous Atypical Fibroxanthoma With Osteoclast-Like Giant Cell: A Rare but Diagnostic Pitfall. Am J Dermatopathol 2023; 45:704-707. [PMID: 37708369 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) is a dermal-based, low-grade neoplasm with no specific lineage of differentiation. The occurrence of AFX with osteoclast-like giant cells is exceptionally rare. Less than 20 cases have been reported in the literature. CASE PRESENTATION A 77-year-old man with a medical history of multiple basal and squamous cell carcinomas of the skin, presented with a progressively growing erythematous nodule on the sun-damaged right central parietal scalp. A shave biopsy showed a dermal spindle cell proliferation accompanied by numerous osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells and predominant atypical mitotic figures. The immunohistochemical staining showed a diffuse positive staining for CD68 and SMA, patchy staining for CD10, and negative staining for SOX-10, pan-cytokeratin, CK5/6, S100, CD34, and desmin. The tumor was completely excised with negative margins. A subsequent follow-up over a period of 13 months showed no recurrence. CONCLUSION Distinguishing AFX with osteoclast-like giant cells from both malignant and benign skin lesions with osteoclast-like giant cells is crucial. Although AFX tumors display worrisome malignant histologic features, most cases have a favorable prognosis with a local recurrence rate below 5% and exceedingly rare metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada Shaker
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Robert Phelps
- Departments of Dermatology and Dermatopathology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - George Niedt
- Departments of Dermatology and Dermatopathology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Ankush Patel
- Department of Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Douglas Wu
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Phyu P Aung
- Department of Dermatopathology and Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Victor Prieto
- Department Chair, Department of Dermatopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; and
| | - Ann Church
- Department of Dermatopathology, The University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - Dinesh Pradhan
- Department of Dermatopathology, The University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
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2
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Undifferentiated Carcinoma with Osteoclast-Like Giant Cells of the Common Bile Duct: A Case Report of a Rare Entity at an Unusual Location. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071517. [PMID: 35885423 PMCID: PMC9324465 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCOGC) is a rare variant of carcinoma with unique radiological and pathological features. This unusual carcinoma has been reported in a variety of organs and pancreas is the most frequently involved anatomical site. UCOGC of pancreas attains a relatively indolent clinical behavior and should be distinguished from ordinary pancreatobiliary adenocarcinoma. This paper presents the first case of UCOGC involving the entire segment of common bile duct (CBD) and common hepatic duct (CHD) without extending to the pancreatic tissue. Getting familiar with its clinical, radiological and pathological characters can help establish accurate diagnosis despite the occurrence of an unusual location.
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3
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Hogeboom AG, Gallardo R, Delgado-Muñoz M, Rodriguez-Peralto JL, Garrido MC. Periocular Cutaneous Soft-Tissue Giant Cell Tumor in a Pediatric Patient. Am J Dermatopathol 2021; 43:939-941. [PMID: 34291745 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Giant cell tumor of soft tissue (GCTST) is a rare neoplasm genetically unrelated but histopathologically indistinguishable to its osseous counterpart. Histologically, GCTST is characterized as a multinodular proliferation of bland histiocytoid mononuclear cells intermixed with osteoclast-like giant cells. GCTST most commonly presents as a soft-tissue mass located in the extremities of middle-aged adults. In this report, we describe a case of a dermal GCTST arising in the periocular region of a 3-year-old girl. This is the youngest patient diagnosed with GCTST reported in the literature and is also singular because of its anatomic location: Only a handful of head and neck GCTSTs have been reported to date. Furthermore, GCTST most often presents as a superficial or deep soft-tissue mass and much less commonly as a dermal-based skin tumor, as was our case. On microscopic examination, the resected lesion demonstrated classical features including numerous osteoclast-like giant cells embedded in a background of mononuclear ovoid cells which displayed brisk mitotic activity and were surrounded by variable stromal hemorrhage. Tumor cells presented a vaguely fascicular arrangement. Immunohistochemical profile demonstrated positivity for smooth muscle actin and CD68 and negativity for desmin, myo-D1, S100, HMB-45, Melan-A, p16, and NKIC3. The unusual characteristics of this case emphasize the clinicopathologic heterogeneity of GCTST.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Delgado-Muñoz
- Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación I+12, Madrid, Spain
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4
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Chen JY, Zheng Q, Chen TZ, Ji QH, Shen Q. Giant cell tumor in the thyroid area: a case report in the novel location and review of literature. Gland Surg 2021; 10:2054-2061. [PMID: 34268090 DOI: 10.21037/gs-20-866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Giant cell tumor of soft tissue (GCT-ST) is a rare benign tumor of low malignant potential. It is thought to be the soft tissue counterpart of giant cell tumors of the bone due to its pathological resemblances. GCT-ST is most commonly found in superficial soft tissue of thigh, trunk and upper extremities. The head and neck region is rarely affected. Here for the first time, we describe a case of GCT-ST in the thyroid region. A 70-year-old female patient presented with a painless swelling in her left neck for the previous three weeks. The condition was initially diagnosed as thyroid goiter and left lobectomy was arranged. Intraoperative findings showed an irregular mass invading the strap muscles and trachea. Complete tumor resection was difficult, and part of the tumor was left in the thyroid bed. Histopathology of the resected specimen showed a mixture of mononuclear round to oval cells and multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells. The giant cells were CD 68 positive. The patient received a revision surgery 3 months after the first operation to achieve complete resection. There was no recurrence in the first 3-month follow-up. However, 6 months after the revision surgery, the tumor recurred on both sides of the neck. The patient suffered from dysphagia and breathlessness. As further surgery and radiation therapy were not considered, denosumab was used as a novel agent After three months of treatment, the patient showed symptom-relief and tumor-regression. The patient continued to have tumor-regression after 1 year of the denosumab treatment. GCT-ST is a benign tumor, although in this case, it was showing features of malignancy. A review of the literature was conducted to identify previous studies on GCT-ST in the head and neck. We present this case for its rare location and novel treatment with denosumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ying Chen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong-Zhen Chen
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Hai Ji
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Shen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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5
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Aramin H, Zaleski M, Prieto VG, Aung PP. Skin and superficial soft tissue neoplasms with multinucleated giant cells: Clinical, histologic, phenotypic, and molecular differentiating features. Ann Diagn Pathol 2019; 42:18-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2019.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Rao M, Choudhary GR, Malik A. Giant-cell tumor of the urethra: Report of an unusual case. INDIAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY : IJU : JOURNAL OF THE UROLOGICAL SOCIETY OF INDIA 2019; 35:164-167. [PMID: 31000925 PMCID: PMC6458817 DOI: 10.4103/iju.iju_286_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Urethral strictures may present due to many causes. Obstructive urinary symptoms secondary to urethral malignancy is a rare presentation. Moreover, primary giant-cell tumor (GCT) arising in the urethra is an extremely unusual entity, which, to the best of our knowledge, has not been described till date; therefore, the clinical behavior is uncertain. We report a clinically unsuspected case of GCT of the urethra, who presented with urethral stricture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Rao
- Department of Pathology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Akanksha Malik
- Department of Pathology, AIIMS, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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7
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Hafiz SM, Bablghaith ES, Alsaedi AJ, Shaheen MH. Giant-cell tumors of soft tissue in the head and neck: A review article. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2017. [PMID: 30022909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehpc.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Giant-cell tumor of soft tissue (GCT-ST) is a rare neoplasm that was first described in 1972. Due to its histological and immune-histochemical similarities with GCT of bones, GCT-ST is thought to be its counterpart. This review article aims to recognize the characteristics of this rare tumor along with a favorable way to diagnose and treat. We reviewed 12 cases of GCT-ST in the head and neck. This tumor involves both sexes at any age. Histopathology in many cases revealed the presence of mononuclear cells and spindle cells. Immunohistochemistry was positive in many cases for CD68. Complete excision was the most accepted management technique; however, few cases reported recurrence and metastasis. Post-operative radiology is suggested to prevent local recurrence and in case of incomplete excision of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahd M Hafiz
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Amal J Alsaedi
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Wang DD, Zheng YM, Teng LH, Sun YN, Gao W, Wang LM, Wang YH, Li F, Lu DH. Benign giant-cell tumor of the common bile duct: A case report. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:15448-15453. [PMID: 25386094 PMCID: PMC4223279 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i41.15448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary giant-cell tumors rarely arise in the common bile duct. We herein report a case of primary giant-cell tumor of the common bile duct. The patient was an 81-year-old male who was diagnosed with a well-defined 1.2-cm mass projecting into the lumen of the middle common bile duct. Excision of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct and a Roux-en-Y cholangiojejunostomy were performed. Histologically, the tumor had no association with carcinomas of epithelial origin and was similar to giant-cell tumors of the bone. The tumor consisted of a mixture of mononuclear and multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells. The mononuclear cells showed no atypical features, and their nuclei were similar to those of the multinucleated giant cells. CD68 was expressed on the mononuclear and multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells, whereas CD163 immunoreactivity was restricted to the mononuclear cells. Six months after the operation, the patient was still alive and had no recurrence. The interest of this case lies in the rarity of this entity, the difficulty of preoperative diagnosis, and this tumor’s possible confusion with other malignant tumors.
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9
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Soft tissue giant cell tumor of low malignant potential with 3 localizations: report of a case. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2014; 118:e135-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2014.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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10
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Azevedo CP, Casanova JM, Guerra MG, Santos AL, Portela MI, Tavares PF. Tumors of the foot and ankle: a single-institution experience. J Foot Ankle Surg 2013; 52:147-52. [PMID: 23333280 DOI: 10.1053/j.jfas.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Tumors of the foot and ankle are rare, and the particular clinicopathologic features, therapeutic approach, and outcomes in this setting are not well established. From January 2000 to December 2010, 72 patients with primary musculoskeletal tumors of the foot and ankle, both benign and malignant, were treated at a single institution. Of the 72 patients, 56% were female. The median age was 52 years. Of the 72 tumors, 62 (86.11%) were located in the foot and 10 were located in the ankle; 63 (87.5%) were soft tissue tumors and 9 (12.5%) were bone tumors. Overall, 56 (78%) were benign tumors and 16 (22%) were malignant tumors. The most frequent soft tissue and bone diagnosis was giant cell tumor. The median follow-up period was 49 months. The vast majority of the tumors were located in the foot. Benign tumors were dominant, outnumbering malignant tumors by more than 3 to 1. The diversity of the histologic benign types was evident, with giant cell tumor, angiomyoma, and lipoma the most frequent. Regarding the malignant tumors, a clear male predominance was present, the median age was 45 years, and the most frequent tumor was synoviosarcoma. The 9-year overall and disease-free survival rate was 65% and 40%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina P Azevedo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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11
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Hemingway F, Kashima TG, Mahendra G, Dhongre A, Hogendoorn PCW, Mertens F, Athanasou NA. Smooth muscle actin expression in primary bone tumours. Virchows Arch 2012; 460:525-34. [PMID: 22543453 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-012-1235-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Revised: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Alpha isoform of smooth muscle actin (SMA) expression has been reported in giant cell tumour of bone (GCTB) and other benign and malignant bone tumours, but the pattern of SMA expression and the precise nature of SMA-expressing cells in these lesions is uncertain. We determined by immunohistochemistry the expression of SMA and other muscle and vascular markers in normal bone, GCTB and a wide range of primary benign and malignant bone tumours. Cultured stromal cells of GCTB, chondroblastoma (CB), and aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) were also analysed for SMA expression. SMA was only noted in blood vessels in normal bone. SMA was expressed by mononuclear stromal cells (MSC) cultured from GCTB, ABC and CB. SMA was strongly and diffusely expressed by MSC in non-ossifying fibroma, fibrous dysplasia, and "brown tumour" of hyperparathyroidism. SMA expression was also noted in GCTB, ABC, CB, chondromyxoid fibroma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone and osteosarcoma. Little or no SMA was noted in Langerhans cell histiocytosis, simple bone cyst, Ewing's sarcoma, osteoblastoma, osteoid osteoma, enchondroma, osteochondroma, chondrosarcoma, myeloma, lymphoma, chordoma and adamantinoma. Our findings show that there is differential SMA expression in primary bone tumours and that identifying the presence or absence of SMA is useful in the differential diagnosis of these lesions. The nature of SMA-expressing cells in bone tumours is uncertain but they are negative for desmin and caldesmon and could represent either myofibroblasts or perivascular cells, such as pericytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hemingway
- Department of Pathology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, UK
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12
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Rochanawutanon M, Praneetvatakul P, Laothamatas J, Sirikulchayanonta V. Extraskeletal giant cell tumor of the larynx: case report and review of the literature. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2011; 90:226-30. [PMID: 21563092 DOI: 10.1177/014556131109000509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Giant cell tumors of the larynx typically arise within the laryngeal skeleton. We report a case of a laryngeal tumor in a 29-year-old man that clearly originated outside the laryngeal cartilage. It was identified as a soft-tissue giant cell tumor. To the best of our knowledge, an extraskeletal laryngeal giant cell tumor has not been previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mana Rochanawutanon
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
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13
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Pepper T, Falla L, Brennan P. Soft tissue giant cell tumour of low malignant potential arising in the masseter—A rare entity in the head and neck. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010; 48:149-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2009.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Singh PJ, Constable L, O'Donnell J. Arthroscopic excision of a giant-cell tumour of the ligamentum teres. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 91:809-11. [PMID: 19483237 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.91b6.21949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Primary giant-cell tumour of soft tissue arising in the ligamentum teres has not been previously described. We report a case of such a tumour in a 46-year-old woman. The lesion was only detected at the time of hip arthroscopy despite pre-operative MRI being performed. It was successfully excised arthroscopically with resolution of the symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Singh
- Mercy and Bellbird Private Hospitals, Melbourne, Australia.
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16
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Albores-Saavedra J, Grider DJ, Wu J, Henson DE, Goodman ZD. Giant cell tumor of the extrahepatic biliary tree: a clinicopathologic study of 4 cases and comparison with anaplastic spindle and giant cell carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells. Am J Surg Pathol 2006; 30:495-500. [PMID: 16625096 DOI: 10.1097/00000478-200604000-00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We report four previously undescribed primary giant cell tumors of the extrahepatic biliary tree and morphologically compare them with 10 anaplastic spindle and giant cell carcinomas with osteoclast-like giant cells of the gallbladder. Two giant cell tumors were located in the distal common bile duct; one in the cystic duct and one in the gallbladder. The 3 patients with bile duct tumors were male, and the only patient with a gallbladder tumor was a female. The age of the patients ranged from 45 to 60 years with an average of 55 years. The patients with bile duct tumors presented with biliary obstruction, and the patient with a gallbladder tumor presented with symptoms of cholelithiasis and a gallbladder mass. Histologically, the tumors were similar to giant cell tumors of bone. They consisted of a mixture of mononuclear and multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells. The mononuclear cells showed no atypical features, and their nuclei were similar to those of the multinucleated giant cells. CD163 immunoreactivity was restricted to the mononuclear cells, whereas CD68 and HAM 56 labeled only the multinucleated osteoclast-like giant cells. The mononuclear cells were EMA-positive but did not express cytokeratins. Follow-up showed that 3 patients were alive and disease-free 3.7 to 7 years after surgery. The anaplastic spindle and giant cell carcinomas contained a fewer number of osteoclast-like giant cells, and their mononuclear cells showed considerable variation in size and shape, marked cytologic atypia, and numerous mitotic figures. They were focally cytokeratin positive (AE1/AE3; CAM 5.2) and did not label with CD163, CD68, and HAM 56. The benign osteoclast-like giant cells showed immunoreactivity for CD68 and HAM 56 but were negative for CD163 and cytokeratins. Giant cell tumors of the extrahepatic biliary tree are benign true histiocytic neoplasms that should be distinguished from the highly lethal anaplastic spindle and giant cell carcinomas with osteoclast-like giant cells by detailed cytologic analysis and immunohistochemical stains for CD163, CD68, HAM 56, and cytokeratins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Albores-Saavedra
- Department of Pathology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA.
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17
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Cather JC. Papule on the Dorsal Foot. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 2006; 19:151-2. [PMID: 16609744 PMCID: PMC1426178 DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2006.11928152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Clay Cather
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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18
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Kanthan R, Torkian B. Primary de novo malignant giant cell tumor of kidney: a case report. BMC Urol 2004; 4:7. [PMID: 15207006 PMCID: PMC446202 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2490-4-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2003] [Accepted: 06/18/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoclast-like giant cell tumors are usually observed in osseous tissue or as tumors of tendon sheath, characterized by the presence of multinucleated giant cells and mononuclear stromal cells. It has been reported in various extraosseous sites including breast, skin, soft tissue, salivary glands, lung, pancreas, female genital tract, thyroid, larynx and heart. However, extraosseus occurrence of such giant cell tumors in the kidney is extremely rare and is usually found in combination with a conventional malignancy. De-novo primary malignant giant cell tumors of the kidney are unusual lesions and to our knowledge this is the second such case. Case Presentation We report a rare case of extraosseous primary denovo malignant giant cell tumor of the renal parenchyma in a 39-year-old Caucasian female to determine the histogenesis of this neoplasm with a detailed literature review. Conclusion Primary denovo malignant giant cell tumor of the kidney is extremely rare. The cellular origin of this tumor is favored to be a pluripotential mesenchymal stromal cell of the mononuclear/phagocytic cellular lineage. Awareness of this neoplasm is important in the pathological interpretation of unusual findings at either fine needle aspiration or frozen section of solid renal masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rani Kanthan
- Department of Pathology, Room 2868, G Wing, Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N OW8, Canada
| | - Bahman Torkian
- Department of Pathology, Room 2868, G Wing, Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N OW8, Canada
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