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Li S, Zhou S, Qin X, Zhang S, Zhao XU, Wang K, Liu P. Heparin-modified polyether ether ketone hollow fiber membrane with improved hemocompatibility and air permeability used for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:135481. [PMID: 39251009 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
To expand the selection of raw material for fabricating extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and promote its application in lung disease therapy, polyether ether ketone hollow fiber membrane (PEEK-HFM) with designable pore characteristics, desired mechanical performances, and excellent biocompatibility was selected as the potential substitute for existing poly (4-methyl-1-pentene) hollow fiber membrane (PMP-HFM). To address the platelet adhesion and plasma leakage issues with PEEK-HFM, a natural anticoagulant heparin was grafted onto the surface using ultraviolet irradiation. Additionally, to explore the substitutability of the heparin layer while considering cost and scalability, a heparin-like layer composed of copolymers of acrylic acid and sodium p-styrenesulfonate was also constructed on the surface of PEEK-HFM Even though the successful grafting of heparin and heparin-like layers on the PEEK-HFM surface reduced the pore parameters, improvements in surface hydrophilicity also prevented the platelet-adhesion phenomenon and improved the anticoagulant behaviour, making it a viable alternative for commercial PMP-HFMs in ECMO production. Furthermore heparin-modified and heparin-like modified PEEK-HFMs demonstrated similar performance, indicating that synthetic layers can effectively replace natural heparin. This study holds practical and instructive significance for future research and the application of membranes in the development of oxygenators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangbo Li
- College of Materials and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
| | - Shiyi Zhou
- College of Materials and Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China.
| | - Xiangpu Qin
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Shengchang Zhang
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - X U Zhao
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Kaixiang Wang
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Pengqing Liu
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Membranes for extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (ECMO): history, preparation, modification and mass transfer. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2022.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Hesselmann F, Arnemann D, Bongartz P, Wessling M, Cornelissen C, Schmitz-Rode T, Steinseifer U, Jansen SV, Arens J. Three-dimensional membranes for artificial lungs: Comparison of flow-induced hemolysis. Artif Organs 2021; 46:412-426. [PMID: 34606117 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Membranes based on triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) have proven a superior gas transfer compared to the contemporary hollow fiber membrane (HFM) design in artificial lungs. The improved oxygen transfer is attributed to disrupting the laminar boundary layer adjacent to the membrane surface known as main limiting factor to mass transport. However, it requires experimental proof that this improvement is not at the expense of greater damage to the blood. Hence, the aim of this work is a valid statement regarding the structure-dependent hemolytic behavior of TPMS structures compared to the current HFM design. METHODS Hemolysis tests were performed on structure samples of three different kind of TPMS-based designs (Schwarz-P, Schwarz-D and Schoen's Gyroid) in direct comparison to a hollow fiber structure as reference. RESULTS The results of this study suggest that the difference in hemolysis between TPMS membranes compared to HFMs is small although slightly increased for the TPMS membranes. There is no significant difference between the TPMS structures and the hollow fiber design. Nevertheless, the ratio between the achieved additional oxygen transfer and the additional hemolysis favors the TPMS-based membrane shapes. CONCLUSION TPMS-shaped membranes offer a safe way to improve gas transfer in artificial lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Hesselmann
- Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniel Arnemann
- Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Patrick Bongartz
- Chair of Chemical Process Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Wessling
- Chair of Chemical Process Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Cornelissen
- Department of Pneumology and Internal Intensive Care Medicine, Medical Clinic V, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitz-Rode
- Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Steinseifer
- Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Victor Jansen
- Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jutta Arens
- Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Chair of Engineering Organ Support Technologies, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Technology University of Twente, Twente, The Netherlands
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Tabesh H, Rafiei F, Mottaghy K. In silico simulation of the liquid phase pressure drop through cylindrical hollow‐fiber membrane oxygenators using a modified phenomenological model. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Tabesh
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Fojan Rafiei
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies University of Tehran Tehran Iran
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How Computational Modeling can Help to Predict Gas Transfer in Artificial Lungs Early in the Design Process. ASAIO J 2019; 66:683-690. [DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000001098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Kaesler A, Rosen M, Schmitz-Rode T, Steinseifer U, Arens J. Computational Modeling of Oxygen Transfer in Artificial Lungs. Artif Organs 2018; 42:786-799. [DOI: 10.1111/aor.13146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Kaesler
- Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute; RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Germany
| | - Marius Rosen
- Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute; RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitz-Rode
- Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute; RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Germany
| | - Ulrich Steinseifer
- Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute; RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Germany
- Monash Institute of Medical Engineering and Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering; Monash University; Melbourne Australia
| | - Jutta Arens
- Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute; RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Germany
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Faria M, Moreira C, Mendonça Eusébio T, de Pinho MN, Brogueira P, Semião V. Oxygen mass transfer in a gas/membrane/liquid system surrogate of membrane blood oxygenators. AIChE J 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Faria
- Universidade de Lisboa Instituto Superior Tecnico; Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials, Dept. of Chemical Engineering; 1049-001, Lisbon Portugal
| | - Cíntia Moreira
- Universidade de Lisboa Instituto Superior Tecnico; Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials, Dept. of Chemical Engineering; 1049-001, Lisbon Portugal
| | - Tiago Mendonça Eusébio
- Universidade de Lisboa Instituto Superior Tecnico; Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials, Dept. of Chemical Engineering; 1049-001, Lisbon Portugal
| | - Maria Norberta de Pinho
- Universidade de Lisboa Instituto Superior Tecnico; Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials, Dept. of Chemical Engineering; 1049-001, Lisbon Portugal
| | - Pedro Brogueira
- Universidade de Lisboa Instituto Superior Tecnico; Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials, Dept. of Physics; 1049-001, Lisbon Portugal
| | - Viriato Semião
- Universidade de Lisboa Instituto Superior Tecnico; Associated Laboratory for Energy, Transports and Aeronautics, Institute of Mechanical Engineering and Dept. of Mechanical Engineering; 1049-001, Lisbon Portugal
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Queiroz DP, Pinto IM, Besteiro MCF, Silva AFM, Gil MH, Guiomar AJ, de Pinho MN. Surface and Hemocompatibility Studies of Bi-Soft Segment Polyurethane Membranes. Int J Artif Organs 2018; 29:866-72. [PMID: 17033994 DOI: 10.1177/039139880602900908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cross-linked urethane/urea membranes with two soft segments were prepared by extending a poly(propylene oxide) based tri-isocyanate-terminated prepolymer (PUR) with polybutadiene diol (PBDO). The ratio of prepolymer and polybutadiene diol was varied to yield cross-linked membranes with different compositions, exhibiting different degrees of phase-separation of the PBDO segments in the bulk and of surface enrichment in PUR. In this work, surface energy and hemocompatibility aspects (hemolysis and thrombosis) of the PUR/PBDO membranes were evaluated. The results showed that the membrane surface energy increased with the PBDO content until 25% of PBDO, and decreased thereafter. The introduction of the second, more hydrophobic, soft segment (PBDO) in the PUR membranes turned hemolytic into non-hemolytic membranes and, for a blood-material contact time of 10 minutes, decreased the thrombogenicity significantly. The 10% PBDO membrane was the least thrombogenic and was also non-hemolytic. The hemolysis degree did not vary significantly with the PBDO content while, for blood-material contact times of 10 minutes, the thrombogenicity increased with an increase in PBDO content above 10%. Membrane thrombogenicity varied with the blood-material contact time. For blood contact times of 10 minutes, all membranes tested were less thrombogenic than glass.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Queiroz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Higher Institute of Technology, Lisbon - Portugal
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Strüver K, Friess W, Hedtrich S. Development of a Perfusion Platform for Dynamic Cultivation of in vitro Skin Models. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1159/000476071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Godongwana B. Effectiveness Factors and Conversion in a Biocatalytic Membrane Reactor. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153000. [PMID: 27104954 PMCID: PMC4841543 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Analytical expressions of the effectiveness factor of a biocatalytic membrane reactor, and its asymptote as the Thiele modulus becomes large, are presented. The evaluation of the effectiveness factor is based on the solution of the governing equations for solute transport in the two regions of the reactor, i.e. the lumen and the matrix (with the biofilm immobilized in the matrix). The lumen solution accounts for both axial diffusion and radial convective flow, while the matrix solution is based on Robin-type boundary conditions. The effectiveness factor is shown to be a function of the Thiele modulus, the partition coefficient, the Sherwood number, the Peclet number, and membrane thickness. Three regions of Thiele moduli are defined in the effectiveness factor graphs. These correspond with reaction rate limited, internal-diffusion limited, and external mass transfer limited solute transport. Radial convective flows were shown to only improve the effectiveness factor in the region of internal diffusion limitation. The assumption of first order kinetics is shown to be applicable only in the Thiele modulus regions of internal and external mass transfer limitation. An iteration scheme is also presented for estimating the effectiveness factor when the solute fractional conversion is known. The model is validated with experimental data from a membrane gradostat reactor immobilised with Phanerochaete chrysosporium for the production of lignin and manganese peroxidases. The developed model and experimental data allow for the determination of the Thiele modulus at which the effectiveness factor and fractional conversion are optimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buntu Godongwana
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
- * E-mail:
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Tabesh H, Amoabediny G, Rasouli A, Ramedani A, Poorkhalil A, Kashefi A, Mottaghy K. Simulation of blood oxygenation in capillary membrane oxygenators using modified sulfite solution. Biophys Chem 2014; 195:8-15. [PMID: 25159916 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Blood oxygenation is the main performance characteristic of capillary membrane oxygenators (CMOs). Handling of natural blood in in vitro investigations of CMOs is quite complex and time-consuming. Since the conventional blood analog fluids (e.g. water/glycerol) lack a substance with an affinity to capture oxygen comparable to hemoglobin's affinity, in this study a novel approach using modified sulfite solution is proposed to address this challenge. The solution comprises sodium sulfite as a component, simulating the role of hemoglobin in blood oxygenation. This approach is validated by OTR (oxygen transfer rate) measured using native porcine blood, in two types of commercially available CMOs. Consequently, the number of complicated natural blood investigations in the evolution procedure of newly developed oxygenators would considerably decrease. Moreover, the reassessing of failed devices, in clinics, would be performed more precisely using a modified sulfite solution than simple water/glycerol testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Tabesh
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ghasem Amoabediny
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; School of Chemical Engineering, University College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Rasouli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; School of Chemical Engineering, University College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Ramedani
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Institute for Nanoscience & Nanotechnology (INST), Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Poorkhalil
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ali Kashefi
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Khosrow Mottaghy
- Institute of Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Cleveland ZI, Möller HE, Hedlund LW, Nouls JC, Freeman MS, Qi Y, Driehuys B. In vivo MR imaging of pulmonary perfusion and gas exchange in rats via continuous extracorporeal infusion of hyperpolarized 129Xe. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31306. [PMID: 22363613 PMCID: PMC3283644 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperpolarized (HP) (129)Xe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) permits high resolution, regional visualization of pulmonary ventilation. Additionally, its reasonably high solubility (>10%) and large chemical shift range (>200 ppm) in tissues allow HP (129)Xe to serve as a regional probe of pulmonary perfusion and gas transport, when introduced directly into the vasculature. In earlier work, vascular delivery was accomplished in rats by first dissolving HP (129)Xe in a biologically compatible carrier solution, injecting the solution into the vasculature, and then detecting HP (129)Xe as it emerged into the alveolar airspaces. Although easily implemented, this approach was constrained by the tolerable injection volume and the duration of the HP (129)Xe signal. METHODS AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Here, we overcome the volume and temporal constraints imposed by injection, by using hydrophobic, microporous, gas-exchange membranes to directly and continuously infuse (129)Xe into the arterial blood of live rats with an extracorporeal (EC) circuit. The resulting gas-phase (129)Xe signal is sufficient to generate diffusive gas exchange- and pulmonary perfusion-dependent, 3D MR images with a nominal resolution of 2×2×2 mm(3). We also show that the (129)Xe signal dynamics during EC infusion are well described by an analytical model that incorporates both mass transport into the blood and longitudinal relaxation. CONCLUSIONS Extracorporeal infusion of HP (129)Xe enables rapid, 3D MR imaging of rat lungs and, when combined with ventilation imaging, will permit spatially resolved studies of the ventilation-perfusion ratio in small animals. Moreover, EC infusion should allow (129)Xe to be delivered elsewhere in the body and make possible functional and molecular imaging approaches that are currently not feasible using inhaled HP (129)Xe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zackary I. Cleveland
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Harald E. Möller
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Laurence W. Hedlund
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - John C. Nouls
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Matthew S. Freeman
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- Graduate Program in Medical Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Yi Qi
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Bastiaan Driehuys
- Department of Radiology, Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
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Cleveland ZI, Möller HE, Hedlund LW, Driehuys B. Continuously infusing hyperpolarized 129Xe into flowing aqueous solutions using hydrophobic gas exchange membranes. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:12489-99. [PMID: 19702286 PMCID: PMC2747043 DOI: 10.1021/jp9049582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hyperpolarized (HP) (129)Xe yields high signal intensities in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and, through its large chemical shift range of approximately 300 ppm, provides detailed information about the local chemical environment. To exploit these properties in aqueous solutions and living tissues requires the development of methods for efficiently dissolving HP (129)Xe over an extended time period. To this end, we have used commercially available gas exchange modules to continuously infuse concentrated HP (129)Xe into flowing liquids, including rat whole blood, for periods as long as one hour and have demonstrated the feasibility of dissolved-phase MR imaging with submillimeter resolution within minutes. These modules, which exchange gases using hydrophobic microporous polymer membranes, are compatible with a variety of liquids and are suitable for infusing HP (129)Xe into the bloodstream in vivo. Additionally, we have developed a detailed mathematical model of the infused HP (129)Xe signal dynamics that should be useful in designing improved infusion systems that yield even higher dissolved HP (129)Xe signal intensities.
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Computational Fluid Flow and Mass Transfer of a Functionally Integrated Pediatric Pump-Oxygenator Configuration. ASAIO J 2008; 54:214-9. [DOI: 10.1097/mat.0b013e3181648d80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Zhang J, Nolan TD, Zhang T, Griffith BP, Wu ZJ. Characterization of membrane blood oxygenation devices using computational fluid dynamics. J Memb Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2006.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Oxygen transfer performance of a membrane oxygenator composed of crossed and parallel hollow fibers. Biochem Eng J 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2005.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wu DQ, Zhang GL, Shen C, Zhao Q, Li H, Meng Q. Evaluation of diffusion in gel entrapment cell culture within hollow fibers. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11:1599-604. [PMID: 15786534 PMCID: PMC4305938 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i11.1599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate diffusion in mammalian cell culture by gel entrapment within hollow fibers.
METHODS: Freshly isolated rat hepatocytes or human oral epidermoid carcinoma (KB) cells were entrapped in type I collagen solutions and statically cultured inside microporous and ultrafiltration hollow fibers. During the culture time collagen gel contraction, cell viability and specific function were assessed. Effective diffusion coefficients of glucose in cell-matrix gels were determined by lag time analysis in a diffusion cell.
RESULTS: Significant gel contractions occurred in the collagen gels by entrapment of either viable hepatocytes or KB cells. And the gel contraction caused a significant reduction on effective diffusion coefficient of glucose. The cell viability assay of both hepatocytes and KB cells statically cultured in hollow fibers by collagen entrapment further confirmed the existence of the inhibited mass transfer by diffusion. Urea was secreted about 50% more by hepatocytes entrapped in hollow fibers with pore size of 0.1 µm than that in hollow fibers with MWCO of 100 ku.
CONCLUSION: Cell-matrix gel and membrane pore size are the two factors relevant to the limited mass transfer by diffusion in such gel entrapment of mammalian cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Qing Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biochemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang Province, China
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