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Bezerra ROF, Strufaldi FL, Dantas PP, Andrade F, Caires RA, Costalonga EC, Filho GBC, Gil LA, Sapienza MT, Cerri GG, Burdmann EA, Costa E Silva VT. Total kidney volume as a predictor of measured glomerular filtration rate in patients with solid tumors: a prospective cross-sectional analysis. J Nephrol 2025:10.1007/s40620-025-02231-7. [PMID: 40314881 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-025-02231-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2025] [Indexed: 05/03/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although previous data demonstrate that total kidney volume (TKV) correlates with measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR), evidence is however scarce in the oncology setting. The aim of this is study is to evaluate whether adding TKV to the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) estimating equations improves the prediction of measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) in patients with cancer. METHODS We evaluated patients with solid tumors between April 2015 and September 2017 who had undergone contrast computed tomography and GFR measurement through the plasma clearance of 51Cr-EDTA. Estimated GFR (eGFR) was determined through CKD-EPI equations based on serum creatinine (eGFRcr) and combined with serum cystatin C (eGFRcr-cys). We used the 2009 eGFRcr and 2012 eGFRcr-cys equations and the race-free 2021 eGFRcr, and eGFRcr-cys. TKV was measured using a semi-automatic segmentation program, excluding non-functional tissues. Linear regression models were built, with TKV and eGFR equations as predictors and mGFR as the outcome. RESULTS We included 189 patients (median age 58.0 [48.0-65.0] years, 49.2% male). Median mGFR and TKV were 82.7 (66.3-94.5) mL/min and 303.1 (257.7-351.8) cm3, respectively. TKV improved the coefficient of determination (R2) when added to 2009 eGFRcr and 2012 eGFRcr-cys equations from 0.62 to 0.73 and 0.73 to 0.80, respectively. For the 2021 eGFRcr and eGFRcr-cys equations, R2 improved from 0.65 to 0.75 and 0.75 to 0.82, respectively. CONCLUSION These results suggest that TKV measurement improves the prediction of mGFR in association with the CKD-EPI equations in patients with solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regis Otaviano Franca Bezerra
- Serviço de Radiologia do Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 25, São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-000, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Louzada Strufaldi
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Perola Dantas
- Serviço de Radiologia do Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 25, São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Filipe Andrade
- Serviço de Radiologia do Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 25, São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Renato A Caires
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elerson Carlos Costalonga
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - George Barbério Coura Filho
- Serviço de Medicina Nuclear, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz A Gil
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM) 66, Serviço de Geriatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Tatit Sapienza
- Serviço de Radiologia do Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 25, São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Giovanni Guido Cerri
- Serviço de Radiologia do Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 25, São Paulo, São Paulo, 01246-000, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel A Burdmann
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM) 12, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Veronica Torres Costa E Silva
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM) 16, Serviço de Nefrologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Chang YC, Yen KC, Liang PC, Ho MC, Ho CM, Hsiao CY, Hsiao CH, Lu CH, Wu CH. Automated liver volumetry and hepatic steatosis quantification with magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction. J Formos Med Assoc 2025; 124:264-270. [PMID: 38643056 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preoperative imaging evaluation of liver volume and hepatic steatosis for the donor affects transplantation outcomes. However, computed tomography (CT) for liver volumetry and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) for hepatic steatosis are time consuming. Therefore, we investigated the correlation of automated 3D-multi-echo-Dixon sequence magnetic resonance imaging (ME-Dixon MRI) and its derived proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) with CT liver volumetry and MRS hepatic steatosis measurements in living liver donors. METHODS This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2017 to November 2022. We enrolled donors who received a dynamic CT scan and an MRI exam within 2 days. First, the CT volumetry was processed semiautomatically using commercial software, and ME-Dixon MRI volumetry was automatically measured using an embedded sequence. Next, the signal intensity of MRI-PDFF volumetric data was correlated with MRS as the gold standard. RESULTS We included the 165 living donors. The total liver volume of ME-Dixon MRI was significantly correlated with CT (r = 0.913, p < 0.001). The fat percentage measured using MRI-PDFF revealed a strong correlation between automatic segmental volume and MRS (r = 0.705, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the hepatic steatosis group (MRS ≥5%) had a strong correlation than the non-hepatic steatosis group (MRS <5%) in both volumetric (r = 0.906 vs. r = 0.887) and fat fraction analysis (r = 0.779 vs. r = 0.338). CONCLUSION Automated ME-Dixon MRI liver volumetry and MRI-PDFF were strongly correlated with CT liver volumetry and MRS hepatic steatosis measurements, especially in donors with hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Chen Chang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Chen Yen
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chin Liang
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chih Ho
- Departments of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Functional Image and Interventional Image, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Maw Ho
- Departments of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Hsiao
- Departments of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Han Hsiao
- Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsun Lu
- Department of Radiology, Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Horng Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taiwan; Hepatits Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Center of Minimal-Invasive Interventional Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Oh N, Kim JH, Rhu J, Jeong WK, Choi GS, Kim J, Joh JW. Comprehensive deep learning-based assessment of living liver donor CT angiography: from vascular segmentation to volumetric analysis. Int J Surg 2024; 110:6551-6557. [PMID: 38869975 PMCID: PMC11487025 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000001829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precise preoperative assessment of liver vasculature and volume in living donor liver transplantation is essential for donor safety and recipient surgery. Traditional manual segmentation methods are being supplemented by deep learning (DL) models, which may offer more consistent and efficient volumetric evaluations. METHODS This study analyzed living liver donors from Samsung Medical Center using preoperative CT angiography data between April 2022 and February 2023. A DL-based 3D residual U-Net model was developed and trained on segmented CT images to calculate the liver volume and segment vasculature, with its performance compared to traditional manual segmentation by surgeons and actual graft weight. RESULTS The DL model achieved high concordance with manual methods, exhibiting Dice Similarity Coefficients of 0.94±0.01 for the right lobe and 0.91±0.02 for the left lobe. The liver volume estimates by DL model closely matched those of surgeons, with a mean discrepancy of 9.18 ml, and correlated more strongly with actual graft weights (R-squared value of 0.76 compared to 0.68 for surgeons). CONCLUSION The DL model demonstrates potential as a reliable tool for enhancing preoperative planning in liver transplantation, offering consistency and efficiency in volumetric assessment. Further validation is required to establish its generalizability across various clinical settings and imaging protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namkee Oh
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Jae-Hun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinsoo Rhu
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Woo Kyoung Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyu-Seong Choi
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Jongman Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
| | - Jae-Won Joh
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul
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Cebula M, Biernacka A, Bożek O, Kokoszka B, Kazibut S, Kujszczyk A, Kulig-Kulesza M, Modlińska S, Kufel J, Azierski M, Szydło F, Winder M, Pilch-Kowalczyk J, Gruszczyńska K. Evaluation of Various Methods of Liver Measurement in Comparison to Volumetric Segmentation Based on Computed Tomography. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3634. [PMID: 38999200 PMCID: PMC11242708 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13133634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: A reliable assessment of liver volume, necessary before transplantation, remains a challenge. Our work aimed to assess the differences in the evaluation and measurements of the liver between independent observers and compare different formulas calculating its volume in relation to volumetric segmentation. Methods: Eight researchers measured standard liver dimensions based on 105 abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans. Based on the results obtained, the volume of the liver was calculated using twelve different methods. An independent observer performed a volumetric segmentation of the livers based on the same CT examinations. Results: Significant differences were found between the formulas and in relation to volumetric segmentation, with the closest results obtained for the Heinemann et al. method. The measurements of individual observers differed significantly from one another. The observers also rated different numbers of livers as enlarged. Conclusions: Due to significant differences, despite its time-consuming nature, the use of volumetric liver segmentation in the daily assessment of liver volume seems to be the most accurate method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Cebula
- Individual Medical Practice, 40-754 Katowice, Poland
| | - Angelika Biernacka
- Department of Radiodiagnostics and Invasive Radiology, University Clinical Center Prof. Kornel Gibiński of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Oskar Bożek
- Department of Radiodiagnostics, Invasive Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Bartosz Kokoszka
- Department of Radiodiagnostics, Invasive Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Sylwia Kazibut
- Department of Radiodiagnostics and Invasive Radiology, University Clinical Center Prof. Kornel Gibiński of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Kujszczyk
- Department of Radiodiagnostics, Invasive Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Kulig-Kulesza
- Department of Radiology and Radiodiagnostics in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, 41-800 Katowice, Poland
| | - Sandra Modlińska
- Department of Radiodiagnostics, Invasive Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Jakub Kufel
- Department of Radiodiagnostics, Invasive Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Michał Azierski
- Students’ Scientific Association of MedTech, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
- Students’ Scientific Association of Computer Analysis and Artificial Intelligence, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Filip Szydło
- Department of Radiodiagnostics and Invasive Radiology, University Clinical Center Prof. Kornel Gibiński of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Mateusz Winder
- Department of Radiodiagnostics, Invasive Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Pilch-Kowalczyk
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gruszczyńska
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
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Makridis G, Reese T, Zádori ZS, Suling AI, Stark M, Horling K, Brüning R, Schneider MA, Beumer M, Oldhafer KJ. Is an intraoperative liver function assessment possible? Application of the 13C-methacetin-breath-test during major liver resections - a pilot study. HPB (Oxford) 2024; 26:91-101. [PMID: 37806830 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As prevention of posthepatectomy-liver-failure is crucial, there is need of dynamic assessment of liver function, even intraoperatively. 13C-methacetin-breath-test estimates the organ's microsomal functional capacity. This is its first intraoperative evaluation in major liver surgery. METHODS 30 patients planed for resection of ≥3 liver segments, between March-November 2019, were prospectively enrolled in this "single-center", pilot study. Using the 13C-methacetin-breath-test, liver function was assessed four times: preoperatively, intraoperatively before and after resection and postoperatively. The resulted maximum-liver-function-capacity (LiMAx)-values and delta-over-baseline (DOB)-curves were compared, further analyzed and correlated to respective liver volumes. RESULTS The intraoperative LiMAx-values before resection were mostly lower than the preoperative ones (-11.3% ± 28%). The intraoperative measurements after resection resulted to mostly higher values than the postoperative ones (42.35% ± 46.19%). Pharmacokinetically, an interference between the two intraoperative tests was observed. There was no strong correlation between residual liver volume and function with a percentual residual-LiMAx mostly lower than the percentual residual volume (-17.7% ± 4.1%). CONCLUSIONS Intraoperative application of the 13C-methacetin-breath-test during major liver resections seems to deliver lower values than the standard preoperative test. As multiple intraoperative tests interfere significantly to each other, a single intraoperative measurement is suggested. Multicentric standardized measurements could define the "normal" range for intraoperative measurements and control their predictive value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Makridis
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Asklepios Hospital Barmbek, Hamburg, Germany; Department of General and Visceral Surgery, St. Josef's-Hospital Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany; Semmelweis University, Asklepios Campus Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Reese
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Asklepios Hospital Barmbek, Hamburg, Germany; Semmelweis University, Asklepios Campus Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zoltán S Zádori
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna I Suling
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria Stark
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katja Horling
- Institute for Hematopathology Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Roland Brüning
- Semmelweis University, Asklepios Campus Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Asklepios Hospital Barmbek, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin A Schneider
- Semmelweis University, Asklepios Campus Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Asklepios Hospital Barmbek, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Beumer
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care, Asklepios Hospital Barmbek, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karl J Oldhafer
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Asklepios Hospital Barmbek, Hamburg, Germany; Semmelweis University, Asklepios Campus Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
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Rao S, Glavis-Bloom J, Bui TL, Afzali K, Bansal R, Carbone J, Fateri C, Roth B, Chan W, Kakish D, Cortes G, Wang P, Meraz J, Chantaduly C, Chow DS, Chang PD, Houshyar R. Artificial Intelligence for Improved Hepatosplenomegaly Diagnosis. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2023; 52:501-504. [PMID: 37277270 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatosplenomegaly is commonly diagnosed by radiologists based on single dimension measurements and heuristic cut-offs. Volumetric measurements may be more accurate for diagnosing organ enlargement. Artificial intelligence techniques may be able to automatically calculate liver and spleen volume and facilitate more accurate diagnosis. After IRB approval, 2 convolutional neural networks (CNN) were developed to automatically segment the liver and spleen on a training dataset comprised of 500 single-phase, contrast-enhanced CT abdomen and pelvis examinations. A separate dataset of ten thousand sequential examinations at a single institution was segmented with these CNNs. Performance was evaluated on a 1% subset and compared with manual segmentations using Sorensen-Dice coefficients and Pearson correlation coefficients. Radiologist reports were reviewed for diagnosis of hepatomegaly and splenomegaly and compared with calculated volumes. Abnormal enlargement was defined as greater than 2 standard deviations above the mean. Median Dice coefficients for liver and spleen segmentation were 0.988 and 0.981, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficients of CNN-derived estimates of organ volume against the gold-standard manual annotation were 0.999 for the liver and spleen (P < 0.001). Average liver volume was 1556.8 ± 498.7 cc and average spleen volume was 194.6 ± 123.0 cc. There were significant differences in average liver and spleen volumes between male and female patients. Thus, the volume thresholds for ground-truth determination of hepatomegaly and splenomegaly were determined separately for each sex. Radiologist classification of hepatomegaly was 65% sensitive, 91% specific, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 23% and an negative predictive value (NPV) of 98%. Radiologist classification of splenomegaly was 68% sensitive, 97% specific, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 50% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 99%. Convolutional neural networks can accurately segment the liver and spleen and may be helpful to improve radiologist accuracy in the diagnosis of hepatomegaly and splenomegaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Rao
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Justin Glavis-Bloom
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA
| | - Thanh-Lan Bui
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA
| | - Kasra Afzali
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA
| | - Riya Bansal
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Joseph Carbone
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA
| | - Cameron Fateri
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - Bradley Roth
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - William Chan
- University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA
| | - David Kakish
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA
| | - Gillean Cortes
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA
| | - Peter Wang
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA
| | - Jeanette Meraz
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA
| | - Chanon Chantaduly
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA
| | - Dan S Chow
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA
| | - Peter D Chang
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA
| | - Roozbeh Houshyar
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, CA.
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Bailey RE, Pugliesi RA, Borja-Cacho D, Borhani AA. Imaging Evaluation of the Living Liver Donor: A Systems-Based Approach. Radiol Clin North Am 2023; 61:771-784. [PMID: 37495286 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Liver transplant is the definitive treatment of end-stage liver disease and early hepatocellular carcinoma. The number of liver transplant surgeries done is highly affected by the number and availability of deceased donor organs. Living donor liver transplantation has emerged as an alternative source of donors, increasing the availability of organs for transplant. Many factors must be considered when choosing living donor candidates to maintain a high level of donor safety and organ survival. To that end, potential donors undergo a rigorous pre-donation workup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E Bailey
- Department of Radiology, Section of Body Imaging, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 North Street Clair Street, Ste 800, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rosa Alba Pugliesi
- Department of Radiology, Section of Body Imaging, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 North Street Clair Street, Ste 800, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Daniel Borja-Cacho
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amir A Borhani
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 North Street Clair Street, Ste 800, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Kalshabay Y, Zholdybay Z, Di Martino M, Medeubekov U, Baiguissova D, Ainakulova A, Doskhanov M, Baimakhanov B. CT volume analysis in living donor liver transplantation: accuracy of three different approaches. Insights Imaging 2023; 14:82. [PMID: 37184628 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-023-01431-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this retrospective study is to compare and evaluate accuracy of three different approaches of liver volume quantification in living donor transplantations. METHODS This is a single-center, retrospective study of 60 donors. The total and right lobe liver volumes were analyzed in the portal-venous phase by two independent radiologists who estimated the volumes using manual, semi-automated and automated segmentation methods. The measured right lobe liver volume was compared to the real weight of the graft after back-table examinations. RESULTS The mean estimated overall liver volume was 1164.4 ± 137.0 mL for manual, 1277.4 ± 190.4 mL for semi-automated and 1240.1 ± 108.5 mL for automated segmentation. The mean estimated right lobe volume was 762.0 ± 122.4 mL for manual, 792.9 ± 139.9 mL for semi-automated and 765.4 ± 132.7 mL for automated segmentation. The mean graft weight was 711.2 ± 142.9 g. The manual method better correlated with the graft weight (r = 0.730) in comparison with the semi-automated (r = 0.685) and the automated (r = 0.699) methods (p < 0.001). The mean error ratio in volume estimation by each application was 12.7 ± 16.6% for manual, 17.1 ± 17.3% for semi-automated, 14.7 ± 16.8% for automated methods. There was a statistically significant difference between the mean error ratio of the manual and the semi-automated segmentations (p = 0.017), and no statistically significant difference between the manual and the automated applications (p = 0.199). CONCLUSION Volume analysis application better correlates with graft weight, but there is no obvious difference between correlation coefficients of all three methods. All three modalities had an error ratio, of which the semi-automated method showed the highest value. CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Volume analysis application was more accurate, but there is no drastic difference between correlation coefficients of all three methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yerkezhan Kalshabay
- Kazakh National Medical University Named After S.D. Asfendiyarov, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
- National Scientific Center of Surgery Named After A.N. Syzganov, 51 Zheltoksan Street, A05F0D2, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
| | - Zhamilya Zholdybay
- Kazakh National Medical University Named After S.D. Asfendiyarov, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
- National Scientific Center of Surgery Named After A.N. Syzganov, 51 Zheltoksan Street, A05F0D2, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Michele Di Martino
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ulykbek Medeubekov
- National Scientific Center of Surgery Named After A.N. Syzganov, 51 Zheltoksan Street, A05F0D2, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Dinara Baiguissova
- National Scientific Center of Surgery Named After A.N. Syzganov, 51 Zheltoksan Street, A05F0D2, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Akmaral Ainakulova
- Kazakh National Medical University Named After S.D. Asfendiyarov, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Maksat Doskhanov
- National Scientific Center of Surgery Named After A.N. Syzganov, 51 Zheltoksan Street, A05F0D2, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Bolatbek Baimakhanov
- National Scientific Center of Surgery Named After A.N. Syzganov, 51 Zheltoksan Street, A05F0D2, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
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9
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Buijk MS, Dijkshoorn M, Dwarkasing RS, Chorley AC, Minnee RC, Boehnert MU. Accuracy of preoperative liver volumetry in living donor liver transplantation—A systematic review and meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF LIVER TRANSPLANTATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.liver.2023.100150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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10
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Parmar KL, O'Reilly D, Valle J, Braun M, Malcomson L, Jones RP, Balaa F, Rees M, Welsh FKS, Filobbos R, Renehan AG. Protocol for the CoNoR Study: A prospective multi-step study of the potential added benefit of two novel assessment tools in colorectal liver metastases technical resectability decision-making. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e059369. [PMID: 36997247 PMCID: PMC10069542 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Liver resection is the only curative treatment for colorectal liver metastases (CLM). Resectability decision-making is therefore a key determinant of outcomes. Wide variation has been demonstrated in resectability decision-making, despite the existence of criteria. This paper summarises a study protocol to evaluate the potential added value of two novel assessment tools in assessing CLM technical resectability: the Hepatica preoperative MR scan (MR-based volumetry, Couinaud segmentation, liver tissue characteristics and operative planning tool) and the LiMAx test (hepatic functional capacity). METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study uses a systematic multistep approach, whereby three preparatory workstreams aid the design of the final international case-based scenario survey:Workstream 1: systematic literature review of published resectability criteria.Workstream 2: international hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) interviews.Workstream 3: international HPB questionnaire.Workstream 4: international HPB case-based scenario survey.The primary outcome measures are change in resectability decision-making and change in planned operative strategy, resulting from the novel test results. Secondary outcome measures are variability in CLM resectability decision-making and opinions on the role for novel tools. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study protocol has been approved by a National Health Service Research Ethics Committee and registered with the Health Research Authority. Dissemination will be via international and national conferences. Manuscripts will be published. REGISTRATION DETAILS The CoNoR Study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (registration number NCT04270851). The systematic review is registered on the PROSPERO database (registration number CRD42019136748).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kat L Parmar
- Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Derek O'Reilly
- Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Juan Valle
- Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael Braun
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Lee Malcomson
- Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Robert P Jones
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Fady Balaa
- Department of Surgery, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Myrddin Rees
- Department of Surgery, Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital, Basingstoke, UK
| | - Fenella K S Welsh
- Department of Surgery, Basingstoke and North Hampshire Hospital, Basingstoke, UK
| | - Rafik Filobbos
- Department of Radiology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew G Renehan
- Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Manchester, UK
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11
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Pilot Study: The Effects of Slice Parameters and the Interobserver Measurement Variability in Computed Tomographic Hepatic Volumetry in Dogs without Hepatic Disease. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10030177. [PMID: 36977216 PMCID: PMC10052709 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10030177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Manual computed tomographic (CT) hepatic volumetry is a non-invasive method for assessing liver volume. However, it is time-consuming with large numbers of slices. Reducing the slice number would expedite the process, but the effect of fewer slices on the accuracy of volumetric measurements in dogs has not been investigated. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the relationship between slice interval and the number of slices on hepatic volume in dogs using CT hepatic volumetry and the interobserver variability of CT volumetric measurements. We retrospectively reviewed medical records for dogs without evidence of hepatobiliary disease with abdominal CT from 2019 to 2020. Hepatic volumes were calculated by using all slices, and interobserver variability was calculated using the same dataset in 16 dogs by three observers. Interobserver variability was low, with a mean (±SD) percent difference in the hepatic volume of 3.3 (±2.5)% among all observers. The greatest percent differences in hepatic volume were decreased when using larger numbers of slices; the percent differences were <5% when using ≥20 slices for hepatic volumetry. Manual CT hepatic volumetry can be used in dogs to non-invasively assess liver volume with low interobserver variability, and a relatively reliable result can be acquired using ≥20 slices in dogs.
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12
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Testa G, Nadalin S, Klair T, Florman S, Balci D, Frola C, Spiro M, Raptis DA, Selzner M. Optimal surgical workup to ensure safe recovery of the donor after living liver donation - A systematic review of the literature and expert panel recommendations. Clin Transplant 2022; 36:e14641. [PMID: 35258132 DOI: 10.1111/ctr.14641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The essential premise of living donor liver transplantation is the assurance that the donors will have a complication-free perioperative course and a prompt recovery. Selection of appropriate donors is the first step to support this premise and is based on tests that constitute the donor workup. The exclusion of liver pathologies and assessment of liver anatomy and volume in the donor candidate are the most important elements in the selection of the appropriate candidate. OBJECTIVE To determine whether there is evidence to define an optimal donor surgical workup that would improve short-term outcomes of the donor after living liver donation. DATA SOURCES Ovid Medline, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central. METHODS Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines and recommendations using the GRADE approach derived from an international expert panel. RESULTS Although a liver biopsy remains the only method to exactly determine the percentage and type of steatosis and to detect other liver pathologies, its routine use is not supported. Both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) appear to be adequate for quantifying liver volume; the preference for one or the other is often based on center expertise. MRI is clearly a better technique to assess biliary anatomy, although aberrant biliary anatomy may not be clearly detected. MRI is also more accurate than CT in determining low grades of steatosis. CT angiography is the imaging test of choice to assess the vascular anatomy. There is no evidence of the need for catheter angiography in the modern evaluation of a living liver donor. CONCLUSIONS A donor liver biopsy is indicated if abnormalities are present in serological or imaging tests. Both MRI and CT imaging appear to be adequate methodologies. The routine use of catheter angiography is not supported in view of the adequacy of CT angiography in delineating liver vascular anatomy. No imaging modality available to quantify liver volume is superior to another. Biliary anatomy is better defined with MRI, although poor definition can be expected, particularly for abnormal ducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano Testa
- Annette C. and Harold C. Simmons Transplant Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Silvio Nadalin
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Tarunjeet Klair
- Transplant Center, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Sander Florman
- Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, New York, USA
| | - Deniz Balci
- Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Carlo Frola
- Clinical Service of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Free London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Michael Spiro
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK.,Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College, London, UK
| | - Dimitri Aristotle Raptis
- Clinical Service of HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Free London Hospital, London, UK.,Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College, London, UK
| | - Markus Selzner
- Department of Surgery, Ajmera Transplant Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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13
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Reliability and accuracy of straightforward measurements for liver volume determination in ultrasound and computed tomography compared to real volumetry. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12465. [PMID: 35864140 PMCID: PMC9304384 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16736-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the suitability of volume index measurement (VI) by either ultrasound (US) or computed tomography (CT) for the assessment of liver volume. Fifty-nine patients, 21 women, with a mean age of 66.8 ± 12.6 years underwent US of the liver followed immediately by abdominal CT. In US and CT imaging dorsoventral, mediolateral and craniocaudal liver diameters in their maximum extensions were assessed by two observers. VI was calculated by multiplication of the diameters divided by a constant (3.6). The liver volume determined by a manual segmentation in CT ("true liver volume") served as gold standard. True liver volume and calculated VI determined by US and CT were compared using Bland-Altman analysis. Mean differences of VI between observers were - 34.7% (- 90.1%; 20.7%) for the US-based and 1.1% (- 16.1%; 18.2%) for the CT-based technique, respectively. Liver volumes determined by semi-automated segmentation, US-based VI and CT-based VI, were as follows: 1.500 ± 347cm3; 863 ± 371cm3; 1.509 ± 432cm3. Results showed a great discrepancy between US-based VI and true liver volume with a mean bias of 58.3 ± 66.9%, and high agreement between CT-based VI and true liver volume with a low mean difference of 4.4 ± 28.3%. Volume index based on CT diameters is a reliable, fast and simple approach for estimating liver volume and can therefore be recommended for clinical practice. The usage of US-based volume index for assessment of liver volume should not be used due to its low accuracy of US in measurement of liver diameters.
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14
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Accuracy and Efficiency of Right-Lobe Graft Weight Estimation Using Deep-Learning-Assisted CT Volumetry for Living-Donor Liver Transplantation. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12030590. [PMID: 35328143 PMCID: PMC8946991 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12030590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CT volumetry (CTV) has been widely used for pre-operative graft weight (GW) estimation in living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT), and the use of a deep-learning algorithm (DLA) may further improve its efficiency. However, its accuracy has not been well determined. To evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of DLA-assisted CTV in GW estimation, we performed a retrospective study including 581 consecutive LDLT donors who donated a right-lobe graft. Right-lobe graft volume (GV) was measured on CT using the software implemented with the DLA for automated liver segmentation. In the development group (n = 207), a volume-to-weight conversion formula was constructed by linear regression analysis between the CTV-measured GV and the intraoperative GW. In the validation group (n = 374), the agreement between the estimated and measured GWs was assessed using the Bland–Altman 95% limit-of-agreement (LOA). The mean process time for GV measurement was 1.8 ± 0.6 min (range, 1.3–8.0 min). In the validation group, the GW was estimated using the volume-to-weight conversion formula (estimated GW [g] = 206.3 + 0.653 × CTV-measured GV [mL]), and the Bland–Altman 95% LOA between the estimated and measured GWs was −1.7% ± 17.1%. The DLA-assisted CT volumetry allows for time-efficient and accurate estimation of GW in LDLT.
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15
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Takahashi K, Gosho M, Kim J, Shimomura O, Miyazaki Y, Furuya K, Akashi Y, Enomoto T, Hashimoto S, Oda T. Prediction of Posthepatectomy Liver Failure with a Combination of Albumin-Bilirubin Score and Liver Resection Percentage. J Am Coll Surg 2022; 234:155-165. [PMID: 35213436 DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000000027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a main cause of death after partial hepatectomy. The aim of this study was to develop a practical stratification system using the albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score and liver resection percentage to predict severe PHLF and conduct safe hepatectomy. METHODS Between January 2002 and March 2021, 361 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who underwent partial hepatectomy were enrolled. Medical image analysis software was applied postoperatively to accurately simulate hepatectomy. The liver resection percentage was calculated as follows: (postoperatively reconstructed resected specimen volume [ml] - tumor volume [ml])/total functional liver volume (ml) × 100. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors for PHLF grade B/C. A heatmap for predicting grade B/C PHLF was generated by combining the ALBI score and liver resection percentage. RESULTS Thirty-nine patients developed grade B/C PHLF; 2 of these patients (5.1%) died. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that a high ALBI score and high liver resection percentage were independent predictors of severe PHLF (odds ratio [OR], 8.68, p < 0.001; OR, 1.10, p < 0.001). With a threshold PHLF probability of 50% for the heatmap, hepatectomy was performed for 346 patients meeting our criteria (95.8%) and 325 patients meeting the Makuuchi criteria (90.0%). The positive predictive value and negative predictive value for severe PHLF were 91.6% and 66.7% for our system and 91.7% and 33.3% for the Makuuchi criteria. CONCLUSION Our stratification system could increase the number of hepatectomy candidates and is practical for deciding the surgical indications and determining the upper limit of the liver resection percentage corresponding to each patient's liver function reserve, which could prevent PHLF and yield better postoperative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Takahashi
- From the Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery (Takahashi, Kim, Shimomura, Miyazaki, Furuya, Akashi, Enomoto, Hashimoto, Oda), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masahiko Gosho
- the Department of Biostatistics (Gosho), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Jaejeong Kim
- From the Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery (Takahashi, Kim, Shimomura, Miyazaki, Furuya, Akashi, Enomoto, Hashimoto, Oda), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Osamu Shimomura
- From the Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery (Takahashi, Kim, Shimomura, Miyazaki, Furuya, Akashi, Enomoto, Hashimoto, Oda), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyazaki
- From the Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery (Takahashi, Kim, Shimomura, Miyazaki, Furuya, Akashi, Enomoto, Hashimoto, Oda), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kinji Furuya
- From the Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery (Takahashi, Kim, Shimomura, Miyazaki, Furuya, Akashi, Enomoto, Hashimoto, Oda), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Akashi
- From the Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery (Takahashi, Kim, Shimomura, Miyazaki, Furuya, Akashi, Enomoto, Hashimoto, Oda), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Enomoto
- From the Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery (Takahashi, Kim, Shimomura, Miyazaki, Furuya, Akashi, Enomoto, Hashimoto, Oda), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shinji Hashimoto
- From the Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery (Takahashi, Kim, Shimomura, Miyazaki, Furuya, Akashi, Enomoto, Hashimoto, Oda), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Oda
- From the Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery (Takahashi, Kim, Shimomura, Miyazaki, Furuya, Akashi, Enomoto, Hashimoto, Oda), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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16
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Pan Y, Mei J, Chen J, Zhang D, Wang J, Wang X, Yi M, Zhou Z, Zhang Y, Chen M, Guo R, Xu L. Comparison Between Portal Vein Perfusion Chemotherapy and Neoadjuvant Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy for Resectable Intermediate to Advanced Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 29:2016-2029. [PMID: 34637058 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-10903-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with intermediate to advanced stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC; Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer [BCLC] stage B/C) have few choices of curable treatments and thus suffer from dismal outcomes. Although surgical resection could prolong survival in certain selected patients with BCLC stage B/C HCC, the frequent postoperative recurrence and poor survival of these patients need to be improved by combining other therapies perioperatively. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to investigate the survival associations of adjuvant portal vein perfusion chemotherapy (PVC) and neoadjuvant hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) in patients with resectable BCLC stage B/C HCC. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted in consecutive patients who underwent R0 resection for intermediate to advanced stage HCC, combined with either PVC or HAIC perioperatively between January 2017 and December 2018. Patients treated with PVC or HAIC were analyzed according to intention-to-treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) principles, respectively. The chemotherapy regimen of adjuvant PVC and neoadjuvant HAIC included 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin/oxaliplatin. Survival analysis and Cox regression for overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) were used to compare the outcomes. RESULTS Among all 64 patients enrolled in this study, 28 received perioperative PVC and 36 received HAIC for ITT analysis. Age (median 44.00 vs. 46.50 years; p = 0.364), sex (male: 25/28 vs. 35/36; p = 0.435), and tumor size (median 9.55 vs. 8.10 cm; p = 0.178) were comparable between the two groups. In the ITT analysis, the median OS was significantly longer in patients in the HAIC group compared with the PVC group (median OS not reached vs. 19.47 months; p = 0.004); in the PP analysis, patients who received neoadjuvant HAIC followed by hepatectomy presented with much better EFS than patients in the PVC group (modified EFS 16.90 vs. 3.17 months; p = 0.022); and in the multivariate analysis, neoadjuvant HAIC presented as a significant predictor for enhanced EFS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.296; p = 0.007) and OS (HR 0.095; p = 0.007) for BCLC stage B/C HCC patients who received hepatectomy. CONCLUSIONS Compared with adjuvant PVC, neoadjuvant HAIC treatment was associated with better survival and fewer recurrences in HCC patients who received R0 resection at the intermediate to advanced stage. These results need to be further validated prospectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangxun Pan
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jie Mei
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbin Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyao Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Juncheng Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Minjiang Yi
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongguo Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaojun Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Minshan Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongping Guo
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Borhani AA, Elsayes KM, Catania R, Kambadakone A, Furlan A, Kierans AS, Kamath A, Harmath C, Horvat N, Humar A, Kielar AZ. Imaging Evaluation of Living Liver Donor Candidates: Techniques, Protocols, and Anatomy. Radiographics 2021; 41:1572-1591. [PMID: 34597229 PMCID: PMC9478886 DOI: 10.1148/rg.2021210012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The need for liver transplants is increasing because the prevalence of liver diseases and the indications for transplants are growing. In response to the shortage of grafts from deceased donors, more transplants are being performed worldwide with grafts from living donors. Radiologic evaluation is an integral component in the assessment of donor candidates to ensure their eligibility and to choose the most appropriate surgical approach. MRI is the preferred modality for evaluation of the liver parenchyma and biliary tree. In most centers, a combination of MRI and CT is used to take advantage of the higher spatial resolution of CT for evaluation of arteries. However, MRI-only assessment is feasible. In addition to assessment of the liver parenchyma for abnormalities such as steatosis, a detailed evaluation of the hepatic vascular and biliary system for pertinent anatomic variants is crucial, because these variants can affect surgical techniques and outcomes in both recipients and donors. In this pictorial article, after a brief review of the most common surgical techniques and postsurgical liver anatomy, the biliary and vascular anatomy are discussed, with specific attention paid to the variants that are pertinent to this surgical procedure. The roles of liver segmentation and volumetric assessment and current imaging techniques and protocols are also discussed. Online supplemental material is available for this article. ©RSNA, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir A. Borhani
- From the Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg
School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair St, Arkes Family Pavilion, Suite 800,
Chicago, IL 60611 (A.A.B., R.C.); Departments of Radiology (A.A.B., A.F.) and
Surgery (A.H.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa;
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer
Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A. Kambadakone); Department of
Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY (A.S.K.); Department of
Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A. Kamath);
Department of Radiology, University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
(C.H.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New
York, NY, and Department of Radiology, University of São Paulo,
São Paulo, Brazil (N.H.); and Department of Radiology, University of
Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.Z.K.)
| | - Khaled M. Elsayes
- From the Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg
School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair St, Arkes Family Pavilion, Suite 800,
Chicago, IL 60611 (A.A.B., R.C.); Departments of Radiology (A.A.B., A.F.) and
Surgery (A.H.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa;
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer
Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A. Kambadakone); Department of
Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY (A.S.K.); Department of
Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A. Kamath);
Department of Radiology, University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
(C.H.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New
York, NY, and Department of Radiology, University of São Paulo,
São Paulo, Brazil (N.H.); and Department of Radiology, University of
Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.Z.K.)
| | - Roberta Catania
- From the Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg
School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair St, Arkes Family Pavilion, Suite 800,
Chicago, IL 60611 (A.A.B., R.C.); Departments of Radiology (A.A.B., A.F.) and
Surgery (A.H.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa;
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer
Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A. Kambadakone); Department of
Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY (A.S.K.); Department of
Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A. Kamath);
Department of Radiology, University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
(C.H.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New
York, NY, and Department of Radiology, University of São Paulo,
São Paulo, Brazil (N.H.); and Department of Radiology, University of
Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.Z.K.)
| | - Avinash Kambadakone
- From the Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg
School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair St, Arkes Family Pavilion, Suite 800,
Chicago, IL 60611 (A.A.B., R.C.); Departments of Radiology (A.A.B., A.F.) and
Surgery (A.H.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa;
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer
Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A. Kambadakone); Department of
Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY (A.S.K.); Department of
Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A. Kamath);
Department of Radiology, University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
(C.H.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New
York, NY, and Department of Radiology, University of São Paulo,
São Paulo, Brazil (N.H.); and Department of Radiology, University of
Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.Z.K.)
| | - Alessandro Furlan
- From the Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg
School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair St, Arkes Family Pavilion, Suite 800,
Chicago, IL 60611 (A.A.B., R.C.); Departments of Radiology (A.A.B., A.F.) and
Surgery (A.H.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa;
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer
Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A. Kambadakone); Department of
Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY (A.S.K.); Department of
Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A. Kamath);
Department of Radiology, University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
(C.H.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New
York, NY, and Department of Radiology, University of São Paulo,
São Paulo, Brazil (N.H.); and Department of Radiology, University of
Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.Z.K.)
| | - Andrea S. Kierans
- From the Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg
School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair St, Arkes Family Pavilion, Suite 800,
Chicago, IL 60611 (A.A.B., R.C.); Departments of Radiology (A.A.B., A.F.) and
Surgery (A.H.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa;
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer
Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A. Kambadakone); Department of
Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY (A.S.K.); Department of
Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A. Kamath);
Department of Radiology, University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
(C.H.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New
York, NY, and Department of Radiology, University of São Paulo,
São Paulo, Brazil (N.H.); and Department of Radiology, University of
Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.Z.K.)
| | - Amita Kamath
- From the Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg
School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair St, Arkes Family Pavilion, Suite 800,
Chicago, IL 60611 (A.A.B., R.C.); Departments of Radiology (A.A.B., A.F.) and
Surgery (A.H.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa;
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer
Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A. Kambadakone); Department of
Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY (A.S.K.); Department of
Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A. Kamath);
Department of Radiology, University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
(C.H.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New
York, NY, and Department of Radiology, University of São Paulo,
São Paulo, Brazil (N.H.); and Department of Radiology, University of
Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.Z.K.)
| | - Carla Harmath
- From the Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg
School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair St, Arkes Family Pavilion, Suite 800,
Chicago, IL 60611 (A.A.B., R.C.); Departments of Radiology (A.A.B., A.F.) and
Surgery (A.H.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa;
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer
Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A. Kambadakone); Department of
Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY (A.S.K.); Department of
Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A. Kamath);
Department of Radiology, University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
(C.H.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New
York, NY, and Department of Radiology, University of São Paulo,
São Paulo, Brazil (N.H.); and Department of Radiology, University of
Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.Z.K.)
| | - Natally Horvat
- From the Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg
School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair St, Arkes Family Pavilion, Suite 800,
Chicago, IL 60611 (A.A.B., R.C.); Departments of Radiology (A.A.B., A.F.) and
Surgery (A.H.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa;
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer
Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A. Kambadakone); Department of
Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY (A.S.K.); Department of
Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A. Kamath);
Department of Radiology, University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
(C.H.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New
York, NY, and Department of Radiology, University of São Paulo,
São Paulo, Brazil (N.H.); and Department of Radiology, University of
Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.Z.K.)
| | - Abhinav Humar
- From the Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg
School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair St, Arkes Family Pavilion, Suite 800,
Chicago, IL 60611 (A.A.B., R.C.); Departments of Radiology (A.A.B., A.F.) and
Surgery (A.H.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa;
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer
Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A. Kambadakone); Department of
Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY (A.S.K.); Department of
Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A. Kamath);
Department of Radiology, University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
(C.H.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New
York, NY, and Department of Radiology, University of São Paulo,
São Paulo, Brazil (N.H.); and Department of Radiology, University of
Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.Z.K.)
| | - Ania Z. Kielar
- From the Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg
School of Medicine, 676 N Saint Clair St, Arkes Family Pavilion, Suite 800,
Chicago, IL 60611 (A.A.B., R.C.); Departments of Radiology (A.A.B., A.F.) and
Surgery (A.H.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pa;
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer
Center, Houston, Tex (K.M.E.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (A. Kambadakone); Department of
Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY (A.S.K.); Department of
Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (A. Kamath);
Department of Radiology, University of Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
(C.H.); Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New
York, NY, and Department of Radiology, University of São Paulo,
São Paulo, Brazil (N.H.); and Department of Radiology, University of
Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.Z.K.)
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Hepatic volume profiles in potential living liver donors with anomalous right-sided ligamentum teres. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2021; 46:1562-1571. [PMID: 33067670 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-020-02803-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In living liver donors with rare anatomical anomaly of right-sided ligamentum teres (RSLT), right or left hemiliver procurement is commonly contraindicated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hepatic volume profiles in potential donors with RSLT using semi-automated CT volumetry (CTV). METHODS Among 5535 potential donor candidates in our institution between April 2003 and May 2019, 23 cases of RSLT (0.4%) were included. Proportional liver volumes were measured using semi-automated CTV and compared with those of manual volumetry and intraoperative graft weights (seven surgical cases). RESULTS The mean percentage volume of the right posterior section was significantly larger than that of the left hemiliver (38.5 ± 8.4% vs. 23.3 ± 5.7%, P < 0.001). Particularly in independent right lateral type, the mean percentage volume of the right posterior section was about two times larger to that of the left hemiliver (41.5% ± 6.5% vs. 21.9% ± 4.4%, P < 0.001), whereas the volume proportions of these two parts were similar between the two parts in bifurcation and trifurcation types (P = 0.810 and 0.979, respectively). Semi-automated CTV of corresponding whole liver, right posterior section, right anterior section, and left hemiliver showed strong correlations with manual CTV (r = 0.989-0.998; P < 0.001). For the seven surgical cases, the graft weights estimated by semi-automated CTV showed a significant correlation with intraoperative graft weights (r = 0.972; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION In independent right lateral type of RSLT, the right posterior section tends to be significantly larger than left hemiliver, and may be an alternative option for graft in potential living liver donors with this rare anatomical anomaly.
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Effects of laparoscopy, laparotomy, and respiratory phase on liver volume in a live porcine model for liver resection. Surg Endosc 2021; 35:7049-7057. [PMID: 33398570 PMCID: PMC8599330 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-020-08220-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Hepatectomy, living donor liver transplantations and other major hepatic interventions rely on precise calculation of the total, remnant and graft liver volume. However, liver volume might differ between the pre- and intraoperative situation. To model liver volume changes and develop and validate such pre- and intraoperative assistance systems, exact information about the influence of lung ventilation and intraoperative surgical state on liver volume is essential. Methods This study assessed the effects of respiratory phase, pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopy, and laparotomy on liver volume in a live porcine model. Nine CT scans were conducted per pig (N = 10), each for all possible combinations of the three operative (native, pneumoperitoneum and laparotomy) and respiratory states (expiration, middle inspiration and deep inspiration). Manual segmentations of the liver were generated and converted to a mesh model, and the corresponding liver volumes were calculated. Results With pneumoperitoneum the liver volume decreased on average by 13.2% (112.7 ml ± 63.8 ml, p < 0.0001) and after laparotomy by 7.3% (62.0 ml ± 65.7 ml, p = 0.0001) compared to native state. From expiration to middle inspiration the liver volume increased on average by 4.1% (31.1 ml ± 55.8 ml, p = 0.166) and from expiration to deep inspiration by 7.2% (54.7 ml ± 51.8 ml, p = 0.007). Conclusions Considerable changes in liver volume change were caused by pneumoperitoneum, laparotomy and respiration. These findings provide knowledge for the refinement of available preoperative simulation and operation planning and help to adjust preoperative imaging parameters to best suit the intraoperative situation.
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Abstract
Preoperative cross-sectional imaging evaluation of potential living liver donors allows to exclude donors with an increased risk for morbidity and mortality, and to assure that a suitable graft for the recipient can be obtained, minimizing the risk of complications in both the donor and the recipient. CT is routinely performed to delineate the anatomy of the liver, relevant vasculature, and liver volumes in whole right or left lateral segment donation. MR imaging is the gold standard for the assessment of biliary anatomy and allows a better quantification of hepatic steatosis compared to CT. Knowledge of normal and variant vascular and biliary anatomy and their surgical relevance for liver transplantation is of paramount importance for the radiologist. The purpose of this review is to outline the current role of CT and MR imaging in the assessment of hepatic parenchyma, hepatic vascular anatomy, biliary anatomy, and hepatic volumetry in the potential living liver donor with short notes on acquisition protocols and the relevant reportable findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Vernuccio
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Palermo, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy.
- University of Paris, Paris, France.
- I.R.C.C.S. Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Contrada Casazza, SS113, Messina, 98124, Italy.
| | - Susan A Whitney
- Multi-Dimensional Image Processing Lab at Duke Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | | | - Daniele Marin
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
- Multi-Dimensional Image Processing Lab at Duke Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
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21
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Kulkarni SS, Shetty NS, Gala KB, Patkar S, Narang A, Polnaya AM, Patil S, Shetty NG, Hota F, Goel M. A Validation Study of Liver Volumetry Estimation by a Semiautomated Software in Patients Undergoing Hepatic Resections. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY ISVIR 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractPurpose The purpose of this study was to validate the use of a semiautomated software for liver volumetry preoperatively by comparing it with the volume of resected specimen in patients undergoing hepatic resections.Materials and Methods This is a single-center retrospective study of patients who underwent estimation of future liver remnant (FLR) using Myrian XP-Liver which is a semiautomated software for hepatectomy. The estimated resection volume, which is the sum of volume of normal liver to be resected and tumor volume, was compared with actual specimen weight to calculate the accuracy of the software. The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS software version 24.Results Data on FLR estimation using the semiautomated software was available for 200 out of 388 patients who underwent formal hepatic resections. The median resected volume of surgical specimen was 650 mL (interquartile range [IQR] 364–950), while the median estimated volume using the Myrian software was 617 mL (IQR 362–979). There was significant correlation between estimated resection volume calculated using the semiautomated method and actual specimen weight (p-value < 0.0001) with the Spearman’s correlation value of 0.956.Conclusion The estimated volume of liver to be resected as calculated by the semiautomated software was accurate and correlated significantly with the volume of resected specimen, and hence, the estimation of FLR volume may likely correlate with the true postoperative residual liver volume. In addition, the software-based liver segmentation, FLR estimation, and color-coded three-dimensional images provide a clear road map to the surgeon to facilitate safe resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyash S. Kulkarni
- Interventional Radiology, Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Nitin Sudhakar Shetty
- Interventional Radiology, Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Kunal B. Gala
- Interventional Radiology, Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Shraddha Patkar
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
- Gastrointestinal and HPB Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amrita Narang
- Interventional Radiology, Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Ashwin M. Polnaya
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis and Imaging, A. J. Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sushil Patil
- Interventional Radiology, Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Neeraj G. Shetty
- Interventional Radiology, Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Falguni Hota
- Interventional Radiology, Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Mahesh Goel
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
- Gastrointestinal and HPB Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Nam NH, Taura K, Kimura Y, Uemoto Y, Yoshino K, Fukumitsu K, Ishii T, Seo S, Iwaisako K, Uemoto S. Extent of liver resection is associated with incomplete liver restoration and splenomegaly a long period after liver resection. Surgery 2020; 168:40-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2020.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Timaran Montenegro DE, Torres Ramirez CA, Mateo C YS, Govea Palma J, Quiñones JC, Orozco Vazquez JS. CT-Based Hepatic Residual Volume and Predictors of Outcomes of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Unsuitable for Surgical Therapy Undergoing Transarterial Chemoembolization. Acad Radiol 2020; 27:807-814. [PMID: 31575476 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To assess the association between baseline CT-based volumetric parameters and biochemical hepatic evaluations, such as, Child-Pugh, MELD score, and modified MELD-Na score, on the prediction of outcomes of patients with HCC undergoing transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective of a prospectively maintained database, single arm, and single center study was performed including 41 patients with diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma treated with TACE. Study endpoints included liver dysfunction (new events of ascites, encephalopathy, and/or death) and overall survival rate. Multi-phase CT-based volumetric analysis was performed to calculate total liver volume and tumor volume using portal and late arterial phases, respectively. Residual volume was calculated subtracting the tumor volume minus the total liver volume. Child-Pugh, MELD score, and MELD-Na score were measured during the baseline evaluation. RESULTS At a median follow-up time of 8 months (IQR, 5-14), 16 patients (39%) were diagnosed with hepatic dysfunction. In patients with hepatic dysfunction, the median residual hepatic volume was 1002.1 cc (IQR, 633-1077.1 cc) compared to patients with normal liver function post-TACE with a median residual volume of 1233 cc (IQR, 1018.7-1437.6 cc) (p = 0.02). Survival analysis demonstrated an overall survival rate of 95%, 90%, 85% at 30 days, 12 months, and 24 months, respectively. The overall survival rate in patients with Child-Pugh A was 100%, 97%, and 97% at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively; compared to patients with Child Pugh B with an overall survival of rate of 86%, 78%, and 78% at 6, 12, and 24 months, respectively (p = 0.07). Median baseline MELD-Na score was higher in patients that died during the study period compared to patients that survived (6.7 [IQR, 5-14.2] versus 4.1 [IQR, 2.14-6.85]) (p = 0.09). CONCLUSION Low baseline CT-based residual volume is associated with the occurrence of hepatic dysfunction at a median time of 8 months. Baseline Child-Pugh A patients were found to have higher survival rate than Child-Pugh B. Interestingly, higher baseline MELD-Na score was associated with mortality.
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Kwon HJ, Kim KW, Jang JK, Lee J, Song GW, Lee SG. Reproducibility and reliability of computed tomography volumetry in estimation of the right-lobe graft weight in adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation: Cantlie's line vs portal vein territorialization. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2020; 27:541-547. [PMID: 32353894 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE In living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT), liver volume assessment is a mandatory step in determining donor appropriateness. This study aimed to compare reliability and reproducibility between two major methods to define virtual hepatectomy plane, based on Cantlie's line (CTV-Cantlie) and portal vein territorialization (CTV-PVT) for right-lobe graft weight estimation in LDLT. METHODS A total of 188 donors who underwent preoperative CT scans were included. The liver was divided into right and left lobes using CTV-Cantlie and CTV-PTV measurements by two readers. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine interreader variability of hepatic weight measured using each CTV method. Intraoperative graft weight (IOW) was used as reference standard of right-lobe graft weight. Pearson correlation test was performed to determine correlation coefficients between presumed graft weight by each CTV method and IOW. RESULTS Intraclass correlation coefficients for total liver weight were roughly equivalent between the two CTV methods (CTV-Cantlie: 0.965 [95% CI, 0.954-0.974], CTV-PVT: 0.977 [0.970-0.983]). However, ICCs of right-and left-lobe weights between two readers were higher with CTV-PVT (0.997 and 0.850) than with CTV-Cantlie (0.829 and 0.668). The IOW was 716.0 ± 162.0 g. Correlation coefficients between presumed graft weight by CTV-Cantlie or CTV-PVT and IOW were 0.722 and 0.807, respectively (both P < .001). CONCLUSIONS For estimation of the right-lobe graft weight in LDLT, CTV-PVT may provide higher reliability and reproducibility than CTV-Cantlie.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heon-Ju Kwon
- Department of Radiology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Won Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Kyoo Jang
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeongjin Lee
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gi-Won Song
- Division of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Gyu Lee
- Division of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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A protocol of hepatic volume measurement using magnetic resonance imaging in individuals from the Eastern Brazilian Amazon population. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229525. [PMID: 32134922 PMCID: PMC7058324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Determination of hepatic volume is an important preoperative procedure and is done through imaging exams or standard liver volume (SLV) formulas developed based on the biotype of each population. In the absence of a specific SLV formula for the Brazilian Eastern Amazon population, the measurement of liver volume is made with reference values from other populations. The aim of study was to compare the hepatic volume in healthy residents from the Brazilian Eastern Amazon population obtained with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and recommended SLV formulas validated to other populations. This was a Observational, cross-sectional study. Anthropometric data of 42 healthy individuals aged 18–60 years of both sexes was collected to measure the liver volume through SLV formulas calculations and MRI. MRI shows similarity with the Western European SLV liver volume values and significant differences with the Japan SLV formula, mainly for women, with a moderate-to-weak correlation with the MRI measurements. There was a strong correlation between weight and body surface area in male patients analysed with measurements of the liver volume by the MRI and SLV formulas. The SLV formula based on the Western European population could be used in the absence of a specific formula for individuals living in the Amazon region. The results suggest that liver measurement formulas should take into consideration the sex of individuals, as well as the development of a specific SLV formula for the Eastern Amazon population and the conduction of similar studies in other Brazilian regions.
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Subjective Analysis of the Filling of an Acetabular Osteolytic Lesion Following Percutaneous Cementoplasty: Is It Reliable? Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2019; 43:445-452. [DOI: 10.1007/s00270-019-02397-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Surasi DSS, Jazbeh S, Nicek ZS, Zanabria RG, Wells RT, Patel A, Alhyari L, Wagner JM. Utility of Longitudinal Measurement of the Liver With Ultrasound in Comparison to Computed Tomography Liver Volume in Assessing Hepatomegaly. Ultrasound Q 2019; 37:198-203. [PMID: 31517741 DOI: 10.1097/ruq.0000000000000472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The purpose of the study is to retrospectively compare the longitudinal measurement of the liver on ultrasound (US) with liver volume as measured on computed tomography (CT). This institutional review board-approved retrospective study with prospective image analysis included adult patients with US examinations of the liver and CT examinations of the abdomen performed within 2 weeks of each other from January 1, 2010, to April 30, 2016. We recorded the dome-to-tip longitudinal length measurement of the right lobe of the liver on the US study. The liver volume was calculated using manual 3-dimensional segmentation of the CT data set. Additional linear liver measurements and qualitative assessments were retrospectively made on the US and CT images. Hepatomegaly was defined as a liver volume 2000 mL or greater. The sample had 302 patients including 140 males and 162 females. Liver length measured on US had a moderate positive correlation with liver volume measured on CT, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.7078. The optimum cutoff of liver length (US) was found to be 17 cm by Youden index, with a sensitivity of 76.0% and specificity of 73.4% for hepatomegaly. Additional linear measurements and qualitative assessments of the liver did not significantly improve the diagnosis of hepatomegaly. In conclusion, liver length measured with US has only a moderate correlation with liver volume. Commonly used US liver length maximum values of 16 to 18 cm produce a significant number of false-negatives and false-positives for the diagnosis of hepatomegaly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sammer Jazbeh
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
| | - Zachary S Nicek
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK
| | | | - Richard T Wells
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Aashka Patel
- College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Laith Alhyari
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
| | - Jason M Wagner
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
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Estimation of split renal function using different volumetric methods: inter- and intraindividual comparison between MRI and CT. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2019; 44:1481-1492. [PMID: 30506477 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-018-1857-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to determine whether contrast-enhanced (CE)-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is comparable to CE-computed tomography (CT) for estimation of split renal function (SRF). For this purpose, two different kidney volumetry methods, the renal cortex volumetry (RCV) and modified ellipsoid volume (MELV), are compared for both acquisition types (CT vs. MRI) with regard to accuracy and reliability, subsequently referred to as RCVCT/RCVMRI and MELVCT/MELVMRI. METHODS This retrospective study included 29 patients (18 men and 11 women; mean age 62.8 ± 12.4 years) who underwent CE-MRI and CE-CT of the abdomen within a period of 3 months. Two independent readers (R1/R2) performed RCV and MELV in all datasets with corresponding semiautomated software tools. RCV was performed with datasets in the arterial phase and MELV in the venous phase. Statistics were calculated using one-way ANOVA, two-tailed Student's t test, Pearson´s correlation, and Bland-Altman plots with p ≤ 0.05 being considered statistically significant. RESULTS In all datasets, SRF was almost identical for both volumetry methods with a mean difference of < 1%. Bland-Altman analysis comparing RCV in CT and MRI showed very good agreement for R1/R2. Interreader agreement was strong for RCVCT and good for RCVMRI (r = 0.89; r = 0.69). MELVCT/MRI interreader agreement was only moderate (r = 0.54; r = 0.50) with a high range of values. Intrareader agreement was excellent for all measurements, except MELVMRI which showed a high mean bias and range of values (RCVCT: r = 0.93, RCVMRI: r = 0.98, MELVCT: r = 0.89, MELVMRI: r = 0.54). CONCLUSION Renal volumetric estimates of SRF are almost as accurate and reliable with CE-MRI as with CE-CT using RCV method. In distinction, the calculation of SRF using MELV was inferior to RCV with respect to accuracy and reliability. Thus, RCV method is recommended to estimate SRF, primarily using CT datasets. However, RCV with MRI datasets for kidney volumetry allows for comparable accuracy and reliability while sparing patients and healthy donors of unnecessary radiation exposure.
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Mayer P, Grözinger M, Mokry T, Schemmer P, Waldburger N, Kauczor HU, Klauss M, Sommer CM. Semi-automated computed tomography Volumetry can predict hemihepatectomy specimens' volumes in patients with hepatic malignancy. BMC Med Imaging 2019; 19:20. [PMID: 30808320 PMCID: PMC6390596 DOI: 10.1186/s12880-019-0309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the major causes of perioperative mortality of patients undergoing major hepatic resections is post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF). For preoperative appraisal of the risk of PHLF it is important to accurately predict resectate volume and future liver remnant volume (FLRV). The objective of our study is to prospectively evaluate the accuracy of hemihepatectomy resectate volumes that are determined by computed tomography volumetry (CTV) when compared with intraoperatively measured volumes and weights as gold standard in patients undergoing hemihepatectomy. METHODS Twenty four patients (13 women, 11 men) scheduled for hemihepatectomy due to histologically proven primary or secondary hepatic malignancies were included in our study. CTV was performed using a semi-automated module (S, hereinafter) (syngo.CT Liver Analysis VA30, Siemens Healthcare, Germany). Conversion factors between CT volumes on the one side and intraoperative volumes and weights on the other side were calculated using the method of least squares. Absolute and relative disagreements between CT volumes and intraoperative volumes were determined. RESULTS A conversion factor of c = 0.906 most precisely predicted intraoperative volumes of exsanguinated hemihepatectomy specimens from CT volumes in all patients with mean absolute and relative disagreements between CT volumes and intraoperative volumes of 57 ml and 6.3%. The use of operation-specific conversion factors yielded even better results. CONCLUSIONS CTV performed with S accurately predicts intraoperative volumes of hemihepatectomy specimens when applying conversion factors which compensate for exsanguination. This allows to precisely estimate the FLRV and thus minimize the risk of PHLF in patients undergoing major hepatic resections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Mayer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Grözinger
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Theresa Mokry
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Schemmer
- Department of General and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nina Waldburger
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Miriam Klauss
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christof-Matthias Sommer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Abstract
Introduction: Liver volumetry is a routine procedure performed before major hepatectomy or living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) to anticipate the remnant liver volume and prevent liver failure. However, many parameters may impact its accuracy and no large-scale studies have evaluated inter-rater variabilities. We aimed to determine the reliability of volumetric assessments for whole organs in deceased-donor liver transplantations (DDLT) and partial organs in LDLT settings. Patients & Methods: Eight operators (four surgeons + four radiologists) analysed 30 preoperative CT scans (15 whole cirrhotic livers in the DDLT group + 15 partial healthy grafts in the LDLT group), using five software systems. The computed volumes were compared with liver weight; liver density being considered as1. Results: Inter-rater and inter-software concordances were excellent with coefficients of correlation >0.9. However, calculations overestimated the real volumes in 25 cases by a mean of 249 ± 206 [14-771] cc in the DDLT group and 138 ± 92cc [39-375] in the LDLT group. The mean calculations were significantly higher than liver weights in the LDLT group only (p=0.04). The radiologists overestimated the surgeons’ assessment in 24 cases, the differences exceeding 6% in some cases. The type of software used significantly impacted results in the DDLTgroup. Conclusions: Despite its unanimously recognised utility, we highlight significant discrepancies between estimated and real liver volumes. The global overestimation may lead to leave of too small remnant liver, with potentially dramatic consequences. In case of border-line estimations, we recommend a repetition of the evaluation by another operator (surgeon + radiologist working in concert).
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Kim B, Kim SY, Kim KW, Jang HY, Jang JK, Song GW, Lee SG. MRI in donor candidates for living donor liver transplant: Technical and practical considerations. J Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 48:1453-1467. [DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bohyun Kim
- Department of Radiology; Ajou University Medical Center, Ajou University School of Medicine; Suwon South Korea
| | - So Yeon Kim
- Department of Radiology and the Research Institute of Radiology; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center; Seoul South Korea
| | - Kyoung Won Kim
- Department of Radiology and the Research Institute of Radiology; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center; Seoul South Korea
| | - Hye Young Jang
- Department of Radiology and the Research Institute of Radiology; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center; Seoul South Korea
| | - Jong Keon Jang
- Department of Radiology and the Research Institute of Radiology; University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center; Seoul South Korea
| | - Gi Won Song
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Surgery, Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul South Korea
| | - Sung Gyu Lee
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Surgery, Asan Medical Center; University of Ulsan College of Medicine; Seoul South Korea
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Tejura TK, Pita A, Romero C, Genyk YS, Sher L, Palmer SL. Living donor liver transplantation: post-operative imaging follow-up of right lobe liver donors. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2018; 43:2673-2678. [PMID: 29470626 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-018-1512-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify long-term post-operative imaging findings resulting from right lobe liver donation. METHODS This retrospective imaging review consisted of 42 adults (20 males, 22 females, mean age 36.6 years, range 18.7-55.9 years) who underwent right lobe liver donation with pre- and post-operative imaging between 1999 and 2006. The mean follow-up period was 30.2 months (range 12.3-69.6 months). Follow-up imaging evaluation included assessment of the biliary tree, particularly isolated bile ducts draining to and terminating at the cut surface (orphan ducts). Three-dimensional volumetry of the liver remnant was also assessed. RESULTS After liver donation, 29/42 (69%) participants demonstrated orphan ducts on follow-up imaging (95% confidence interval 52.9% to 82.4%). In those patients with orphan ducts, the main draining ducts were normal in 70% and dilated in 69%. Nearly all right lobe liver donors with orphan ducts had no clinical symptoms on follow-up (28/29); the only liver donor with clinical symptoms on follow-up was subsequently diagnosed with primary biliary cirrhosis. Mean regenerated liver volume was approximately 93%, with mean pre-operative total liver volume of 1552 ml (median 1504 ml, range 1040-2520 ml) and mean post-operative total liver volume of 1446 ml (median 1455 ml, range 964-2090 ml). CONCLUSIONS Orphan ducts are changes that may be seen after liver donation. The presence of these findings in the absence of clinical symptoms or abnormal hepatic chemistries does not require further work-up and should not be considered pathologic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapas K Tejura
- Department of Radiology, Keck Medical Center of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Alejandro Pita
- Department of Surgery, Keck Medical Center of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Christian Romero
- Department of Surgery, Keck Medical Center of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yuri S Genyk
- Department of Surgery, Keck Medical Center of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Linda Sher
- Department of Surgery, Keck Medical Center of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Suzanne L Palmer
- Department of Radiology, Keck Medical Center of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Goja S, Yadav SK, Yadav A, Piplani T, Rastogi A, Bhangui P, Saigal S, Soin AS. Accuracy of preoperative CT liver volumetry in living donor hepatectomy and its clinical implications. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2018; 7:167-174. [PMID: 30046567 DOI: 10.21037/hbsn.2017.08.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Background An accurate preoperative volumetric assessment of donor liver is essential for successful living donor liver transplant by ensuring adequate remnant and graft recipient weight ratio (GRWR). Methods The study cohort consisted of 744 right lobe (RL), 65 left lobe (LL) and 33 left lateral sector (LLS) grafts from July 2010 to January 2014. A semi-automated interactive commercial software called AW Volume share 6 was used for volumetry. Bland Altman plot was used for assessing the agreement between estimated graft weight (EGW) and actual graft weight (AGW). Results There was no statistically significant difference between EGW and AGW for RL graft weight (722±134 vs. 717±126 gm; P=0.06). Although Bland Altman graph showed that 95% limits of agreement was more in LL (-164 to +110) than RL (-156 to +147) and LLS grafts (-137 to +239), CT scan significantly overestimated LL graft weight (EGW =460±118 gm vs. AGW =433±102 gm; P=0.003) and underestimated LLS graft weight (EGW =203±48 gm vs. AGW =254±49 gm; P<0.001). Conclusions CT volumetry overestimate LL graft and underestimate LLS graft weight. This should be factored in when selecting LL graft by taking higher GRWR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Goja
- Institute of Liver Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, Delhi (NCR), India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Yadav
- Institute of Liver Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, Delhi (NCR), India
| | - Amardeep Yadav
- Institute of Liver Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, Delhi (NCR), India
| | - Tarun Piplani
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, Delhi (NCR), India
| | - Amit Rastogi
- Institute of Liver Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, Delhi (NCR), India
| | - Prashant Bhangui
- Institute of Liver Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, Delhi (NCR), India
| | - Sanjiv Saigal
- Institute of Liver Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, Delhi (NCR), India
| | - Arvinder Singh Soin
- Institute of Liver Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, Delhi (NCR), India
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Kwon HJ, Kim KW, Kim B, Kim SY, Lee CS, Lee J, Song GW, Lee SG. Resection plane-dependent error in computed tomography volumetry of the right hepatic lobe in living liver donors. Clin Mol Hepatol 2017; 24:54-60. [PMID: 28759989 PMCID: PMC5875195 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2017.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Computed tomography (CT) hepatic volumetry is currently accepted as the most reliable method for preoperative estimation of graft weight in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). However, several factors can cause inaccuracies in CT volumetry compared to real graft weight. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and degree of resection plane-dependent error in CT volumetry of the right hepatic lobe in LDLT. Methods Forty-six living liver donors underwent CT before donor surgery and on postoperative day 7. Prospective CT volumetry (VP) was measured via the assumptive hepatectomy plane. Retrospective liver volume (VR) was measured using the actual plane by comparing preoperative and postoperative CT. Compared with intraoperatively measured weight (W), errors in percentage (%) VP and VR were evaluated. Plane-dependent error in VP was defined as the absolute difference between VP and VR. % plane-dependent error was defined as follows: |VP–VR|/W∙100. Results Mean VP, VR, and W were 761.9 mL, 755.0 mL, and 696.9 g. Mean and % errors in VP were 73.3 mL and 10.7%. Mean error and % error in VR were 64.4 mL and 9.3%. Mean plane-dependent error in VP was 32.4 mL. Mean % plane-dependent error was 4.7%. Plane-dependent error in VP exceeded 10% of W in approximately 10% of the subjects in our study. Conclusions There was approximately 5% plane-dependent error in liver VP on CT volumetry. Plane-dependent error in VP exceeded 10% of W in approximately 10% of LDLT donors in our study. This error should be considered, especially when CT volumetry is performed by a less experienced operator who is not well acquainted with the donor hepatectomy plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heon-Ju Kwon
- Department of Radiology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Won Kim
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bohyun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea
| | - So Yeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Seung Lee
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeongjin Lee
- School of Computer Science & Engineering, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gi Won Song
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Gyu Lee
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Liver Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Updates in hepatic oncology imaging. Surg Oncol 2017; 26:195-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Narula N, Aloia TA. Portal vein embolization in extended liver resection. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2017; 402:727-735. [DOI: 10.1007/s00423-017-1591-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Cai L, Yeh BM, Westphalen AC, Roberts JP, Wang ZJ. Adult living donor liver imaging. Diagn Interv Radiol 2017; 22:207-14. [PMID: 26912106 DOI: 10.5152/dir.2016.15323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Adult living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is increasingly used for the treatment of end-stage liver disease. The three most commonly harvested grafts for LDLT are left lateral segment, left lobe, and right lobe grafts. The left lateral segment graft, which includes Couinaud's segments II and III, is usually used for pediatric recipients or small size recipients. Most of the adult recipients need either a left or a right lobe graft. Whether a left or right lobe graft should be harvested from the donors depends on estimated graft and donor remnant liver volume, as well as biliary and vascular anatomy. Detailed preoperative assessment of the potential donor liver volumetrics, biliary and vascular anatomy, and liver parenchyma is vital to minimize risks to the donors and maximize benefits to the recipients. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are currently the imaging modalities of choice in the preoperative evaluation of potential donors. This review provides an overview of key surgical considerations in LDLT that the radiologists must be aware of, and imaging findings on CT and MRI that the radiologists must convey to the surgeons when evaluating potential donors for LDLT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Mussin N, Sumo M, Lee KW, Choi Y, Choi JY, Ahn SW, Yoon KC, Kim HS, Hong SK, Yi NJ, Suh KS. The correlation between preoperative volumetry and real graft weight: comparison of two volumetry programs. Ann Surg Treat Res 2017; 92:214-220. [PMID: 28382294 PMCID: PMC5378562 DOI: 10.4174/astr.2017.92.4.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Liver volumetry is a vital component in living donor liver transplantation to determine an adequate graft volume that meets the metabolic demands of the recipient and at the same time ensures donor safety. Most institutions use preoperative contrast-enhanced CT image-based software programs to estimate graft volume. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of 2 liver volumetry programs (Rapidia vs. Dr. Liver) in preoperative right liver graft estimation compared with real graft weight. Methods Data from 215 consecutive right lobe living donors between October 2013 and August 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. One hundred seven patients were enrolled in Rapidia group and 108 patients were included in the Dr. Liver group. Estimated graft volumes generated by both software programs were compared with real graft weight measured during surgery, and further classified into minimal difference (≤15%) and big difference (>15%). Correlation coefficients and degree of difference were determined. Linear regressions were calculated and results depicted as scatterplots. Results Minimal difference was observed in 69.4% of cases from Dr. Liver group and big difference was seen in 44.9% of cases from Rapidia group (P = 0.035). Linear regression analysis showed positive correlation in both groups (P < 0.01). However, the correlation coefficient was better for the Dr. Liver group (R2 = 0.719), than for the Rapidia group (R2 = 0.688). Conclusion Dr. Liver can accurately predict right liver graft size better and faster than Rapidia, and can facilitate preoperative planning in living donor liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiar Mussin
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Marco Sumo
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Department of Surgery, The Medical City Hospital, Manila, Philippines
| | - Kwang-Woong Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - YoungRok Choi
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jin Yong Choi
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Ahn
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Chul Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo-Sin Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suk Kyun Hong
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam-Joon Yi
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Suk Suh
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Bucur P, Bekheit M, Audebert C, Vignon-Clementel I, Vibert E. Simplified technique for 75% and 90% hepatic resection with hemodynamic monitoring in a large white swine model. J Surg Res 2017; 209:122-130. [PMID: 28032548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate measuring of the hepatic hemodynamic parameters in humans is inconvenient. Swine has been a favorite surgical model for the study of liver conditions due to many similarities with human livers. However, pigs cannot tolerate pedicle clamping and to reduce bleeding during resection a simplified technique is required. The aim of this study is to present a simplified technique for different percentages of hepatic resection in a porcine model. METHODS Twenty-two consecutive large white pigs were operated with 75% and 90% liver resection. Computarized tomography liver volumetry is performed before and after surgery. In both types of surgery, hemodynamic monitoring was performed using a specialized apparatus. RESULTS Resections were performed in both groups successfully. The residual volume in the planned 75% was 235 ± 77 mL and 118 ± 119 mL in the planned 90% resection. For 75% resection, the portal flow was reduced after resection by 8.13 ± 28%, which might be part of systemic circulatory depression. However, the portal pressure increased by 20.1 ± 51%. The hepatic artery flow decreased by 63.86 ± 26.3% as well as the pressure by 5 ± 28%. The central venous pressure at the start of surgery was 3.34 ± 1.9 mm Hg and 2.8 ± 2.2 mm Hg at the end of surgery. The portacaval pressure gradient was 4.4 ± 2.9 mm Hg at the beginning of surgery and was 5.9 ± 2.8 mm Hg at the end of surgery. For 90% resection, the portal flow decreased by 33.6 ± 12.6% and the pressure increased by 104 ± 58%. The hepatic artery flow decreased by 88 ± 7%, and the pressure decreased by 5 ± 14.8%. The central venous pressure was 3.5 ± 1.7 mm Hg before resection and 3 ± 2.5 mm Hg after resection. The portacaval pressure gradient was 3.8 ± 1.1 mm Hg before resection and 8 ± 3.7 mm Hg after resection. The mean anesthesia time was 6.6 ± 1.05 h and 6.9 ± 0.5 h for 75% and 90% resection, respectively. The mean operative time was 4.6 ± 0.9 h and 5 ± 0.7 h for 75% and 90% resections, respectively. The mean time for hepatectomy was 1.23 ± 0.76 h and 2.4 ± 0.1 h for 75% and 90% resection, respectively. The mean time consumed in the measurements was 2.28 ± 1.4 h and 1.1 ± 0.3 h for 75% and 90% resections, respectively. The mean volume of aspirated fluid and blood in the 75% resection was 1062 ± 512 mL, while it was 1050 ± 354 mL in 90% resections. CONCLUSIONS The hereby described technique is simple and easily applicable for major liver resection in a porcine model. Portal flow decreases after 90% resection more than in 75% due to the relative reduction of remnant hepatic mass. There was a larger increase in portal pressure following 90% compared to 75% resection. The hepatic artery flow decreases more in 90% than in 75% resections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petru Bucur
- Centre Hépato-Biliaire, Hôpital Paul Brousse, AP-HP, Villejuif, France; Inserm Unité 1193, Villejuif, France
| | - Mohamed Bekheit
- Centre Hépato-Biliaire, Hôpital Paul Brousse, AP-HP, Villejuif, France; Inserm Unité 1193, Villejuif, France
| | - Chloe Audebert
- Inria, Paris, France; Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions, UPMC Univ. of Paris 6, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Irene Vignon-Clementel
- Inria, Paris, France; Laboratoire Jacques-Louis Lions, UPMC Univ. of Paris 6, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Eric Vibert
- Centre Hépato-Biliaire, Hôpital Paul Brousse, AP-HP, Villejuif, France; Inserm Unité 1193, Villejuif, France.
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Gotra A, Chartrand G, Vu KN, Vandenbroucke-Menu F, Massicotte-Tisluck K, de Guise JA, Tang A. Comparison of MRI- and CT-based semiautomated liver segmentation: a validation study. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2017; 42:478-489. [PMID: 27680014 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-016-0912-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the repeatability, agreement, and efficiency of MRI- and CT-based semiautomated liver segmentation for the assessment of total and subsegmental liver volume. METHODS This retrospective study was conducted in 31 subjects who underwent contemporaneous liver MRI and CT. Total and subsegmental liver volumes were segmented from contrast-enhanced 3D gradient-recalled echo MRI sequences and CT images. Semiautomated segmentation was based on variational interpolation and Laplacian mesh optimization. All segmentations were repeated after 2 weeks. Manual segmentation of CT images using an active contour tool was used as the reference standard. Repeatability and agreement of the methods were evaluated with intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis. Total interaction time was recorded. RESULTS Intra-reader ICC were ≥0.987 for MRI and ≥0.995 for CT. Intra-reader repeatability was 30 ± 217 ml (bias ± 1.96 SD) (95% limits of agreement: -187 to 247 ml) for MRI and -10 ± 143 ml (-153 to 133 ml) for CT. Inter-method ICC between semiautomated and manual volumetry were ≥0.995 for MRI and ≥0.986 for CT. Inter-method segmental ICC varied between 0.584 and 0.865 for MRI and between 0.596 and 0.890 for CT. Inter-method agreement was -14 ± 136 ml (-150 to 122 ml) for MRI and 50 ± 226 ml (-176 to 276 ml) for CT. Inter-method segmental agreement ranged from 10 ± 47 ml (-37 to 57 ml) to 2 ± 214 ml (-212 to 216 ml) for MRI and 9 ± 45 ml (-36 to 54 ml) to -46 ± 183 ml (-229 to 137 ml) for CT. Interaction time (mean ± SD) was significantly shorter for MRI-based semiautomated segmentation (7.2 ± 0.1 min, p < 0.001) and for CT-based semiautomated segmentation (6.5 ± 0.2 min, p < 0.001) than for CT-based manual segmentation (14.5 ± 0.4 min). CONCLUSION MRI-based semiautomated segmentation provides similar repeatability and agreement to CT-based segmentation for total liver volume.
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Coimbra FJF, Ribeiro HSDC, Marques MC, Herman P, Chojniak R, Kalil AN, Wiermann EG, Cavallero SRDA, Coelho FF, Fernandes PHDS, Silvestrini AA, Almeida MFA, de Araújo ALE, Pitombo M, Teixeira HM, Waechter FL, Ferreira FG, Diniz AL, D'Ippolito G, D'Ippolito G, Begnami MDFDS, Prolla G, Balzan SMP, de Oliveira TB, Szultan LA, Lendoire J, Torres OJM. FIRST BRAZILIAN CONSENSUS ON MULTIMODAL TREATMENT OF COLORECTAL LIVER METASTASES. MODULE 1: PRE-TREATMENT EVALUATION. ABCD-ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CIRURGIA DIGESTIVA 2016; 28:222-30. [PMID: 26734788 PMCID: PMC4755170 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-6720201500040002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background : Liver metastases of colorectal cancer are frequent and potentially fatal event
in the evolution of patients with these tumors. Aim : In this module, was contextualized the clinical situations and parameterized
epidemiological data and results of the various treatment modalities established.
Method: Was realized deep discussion on detecting and staging metastatic colorectal
cancer, as well as employment of imaging methods in the evaluation of response to
instituted systemic therapy. Results : The next step was based on the definition of which patients would have their
metastases considered resectable and how to expand the amount of patients elegible
for modalities with curative intent. Conclusion : Were presented clinical, pathological and molecular prognostic factors,
validated to be taken into account in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paulo Herman
- American Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rubens Chojniak
- American Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Marcos Pitombo
- American Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
The diagnostics of diffuse liver disease traditionally rely on liver biopsies and histopathological analysis of tissue specimens. However, a liver biopsy is invasive and carries some non-negligible risks, especially for patients with decreased liver function and those requiring repeated follow-up examinations. Over the last decades, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has developed into a valuable tool for the non-invasive characterization of focal liver lesions and diseases of the bile ducts. Recently, several MRI methods have been developed and clinically evaluated that also allow the diagnostics and staging of diffuse liver diseases, e.g. non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatitis, hepatic fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, hemochromatosis and hemosiderosis. The sequelae of diffuse liver diseases, such as a decreased liver functional reserve or portal hypertension, can also be detected and quantified by modern MRI methods. This article provides the reader with the basic principles of functional MRI of the liver and discusses the importance in a clinical context.
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Lodewick TM, Arnoldussen CW, Lahaye MJ, van Mierlo KM, Neumann UP, Beets-Tan RG, Dejong CH, van Dam RM. Fast and accurate liver volumetry prior to hepatectomy. HPB (Oxford) 2016; 18:764-72. [PMID: 27593594 PMCID: PMC5011086 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Volumetric assessment of the liver is essential in the prevention of postresectional liver failure after partial hepatectomy. Currently used methods are accurate but time-consuming. This study aimed to test a new automated method for preoperative volumetric liver assessment. METHODS Patients who underwent a contrast enhanced portovenous phase CT-scan prior to hepatectomy in 2012 were included. Total liver volume (TLV) and future remnant liver volume (FRLV) were measured using TeraRecon Aquarius iNtuition(®) (autosegmentation) and OsiriX(®) (manual segmentation) software by two observers for each software package. Remnant liver volume percentage (RLV%) was calculated. Time needed to determine TLV and FRLV was measured. Inter-observer variability was assessed using Bland-Altman plots. RESULTS Twenty-seven patients were included. There were no significant differences in measured volumes between OsiriX(®) and iNtuition(®). Moreover, there were significant correlations between the OsiriX(®) observers, the iNtuition(®) observers and between OsiriX(®) and iNtuition(®) post-processing systems (all R(2) > 0.97). The median time needed for complete liver volumetric analysis was 18.4 ± 4.9 min with OsiriX(®) and 5.8 ± 1.7 min using iNtuition(®) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Both OsiriX(®) and iNtuition(®) liver volumetry are accurate and easily applicable. However, volumetric assessment of the liver with iNtuition(®) auto-segmentation is three times faster compared to manual OsiriX(®) volumetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toine M. Lodewick
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center & NUTRIM School of Nutrition & Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands,Department of Surgery, University Hospital Aachen, Division of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Aachen, Germany,Correspondence Toine M. Lodewick, Department of Surgery, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands. Tel: +31 43 3881547, +31 43 3875473.Department of SurgeryMaastricht UniversityPO Box 616Maastricht6200 MDThe Netherlands
| | | | - Max J. Lahaye
- Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kim M.C. van Mierlo
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center & NUTRIM School of Nutrition & Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ulf P. Neumann
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center & NUTRIM School of Nutrition & Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands,Department of Surgery, University Hospital Aachen, Division of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Aachen, Germany
| | - Regina G. Beets-Tan
- Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis H.C. Dejong
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center & NUTRIM School of Nutrition & Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands,Department of Surgery, University Hospital Aachen, Division of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ronald M. van Dam
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center & NUTRIM School of Nutrition & Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands,Department of Surgery, University Hospital Aachen, Division of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Aachen, Germany
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Chapelle T, Op De Beeck B, Huyghe I, Francque S, Driessen A, Roeyen G, Ysebaert D, De Greef K. Future remnant liver function estimated by combining liver volumetry on magnetic resonance imaging with total liver function on (99m)Tc-mebrofenin hepatobiliary scintigraphy: can this tool predict post-hepatectomy liver failure? HPB (Oxford) 2016; 18:494-503. [PMID: 27317953 PMCID: PMC4913132 DOI: 10.1016/j.hpb.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) is a major complication after hepatectomy with a high mortality rate and is likely to happen in insufficient liver remnant. We hypothesize that assessment of the estimated future liver remnant function (eFLRF), combining future remnant liver volume (FLRV) with total liver function (TLF), is an accurate formula for prediction of PHLF. METHODS 88 patients undergoing hepatectomy were included. The ratio of the future liver remnant volume (FLRV%) was measured on MRI. TLF was estimated by liver clearance of (99m)Technetium (Tc)-mebrofenin on hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HBS). eFLRF was calculated by multiplying FLRV% by TLF. Cut-off values of FLRV% and eFLRF predicting PHLF, were defined by receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS PHLF occurred in 12 patients (13%). Perioperative mortality was 5/12 (41%). Multivariate analysis showed that FLRV% cut off at 40% was not an independent predictive factor. eFLRF cut off at 2.3%/min/m(2) was the only independent predictive factor for PHLF. For FLRV% vs. eFLRF, positive predictive value was 41% vs. 92% and Odds Ratio 26 vs. 836. CONCLUSION FRLF measured by combining FLRV% and TLF is a more valuable tool to predict PHLF than FLRV% alone. The cutoff of eFLRF can be used in clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiery Chapelle
- Hepatobiliary, Endocrine and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Antwerp, University Antwerp, Belgium,Correspondence T. Chapelle, Hepatobiliary, Endocrine and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Antwerp, University Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Bart Op De Beeck
- Radiology, University Hospital Antwerp, University Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ivan Huyghe
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Antwerp, University Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sven Francque
- Hepatology, University Hospital Antwerp, University Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ann Driessen
- Pathology, University Hospital Antwerp, University Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Geert Roeyen
- Hepatobiliary, Endocrine and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Antwerp, University Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dirk Ysebaert
- Hepatobiliary, Endocrine and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Antwerp, University Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Kathleen De Greef
- Hepatobiliary, Endocrine and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Antwerp, University Antwerp, Belgium
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Amini N, Margonis GA, Buttner S, Besharati S, Kim Y, Gani F, Sobhani F, Kamel IR, Pawlik TM. Liver regeneration after major liver hepatectomy: Impact of body mass index. Surgery 2016; 160:81-91. [PMID: 27059638 DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obese patients may present with metabolic abnormalities that impact liver regeneration. We sought to assess the impact of body mass index (BMI) on liver volume regeneration index (RI) and kinetic growth rate (KGR) among patients undergoing liver resection. METHODS The study included 102 patients undergoing major hepatectomy (≥3 segments) between July 2004 and April 2015 and stratified the patients by preoperative BMI, number of segments resected, and postoperative remnant liver volume (RLVp) to total liver volume ratio. Resected volume at operation was subtracted from total liver volume to calculate postoperative RLVp. RI was defined as the relative increase in RLV within 2 months [(RLV2m-RLVp)/RLVp] and 7 months [(RLV7m-RLVp)/RLVp] postoperatively; KGR was calculated as RI divided by time postoperatively (weeks). RESULTS Median patient age was 59.6 years (interquartile range 48.1-68.7 years), and most patients were men (52.0%). Liver failure was associated with the KGR at 2 months (KGR2m) and was greater among patients with KGR2m <2.5% per week (KGR <2.5%, 18.5% vs KGR ≥ 2.5%, 4.6%; P = .04). Although RI and KGR within 2 and 7 months postoperatively were similar among all patients, after excluding patients with fibrosis, obese (0.42% per week) and overweight patients (0.29% per week) had lesser KGR2-7m compared with patients of normal BMI (0.82% per week; P < .05). Additionally, risk of a major complication was greatest among obese patients (normal weight, 8.1% vs overweight, 12.9% vs obese, 29.4%; P = .04). CONCLUSION BMI did not impact liver regeneration during the first 2 months. In contrast, KGR per week between 2 and 7 months postoperatively was less among overweight and obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Amini
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Georgios A Margonis
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Stefan Buttner
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sepideh Besharati
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Yuhree Kim
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Faiz Gani
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Fatemeh Sobhani
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ihab R Kamel
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
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Margonis GA, Amini N, Buettner S, Besharati S, Kim Y, Sobhani F, Kamel IR, Pawlik TM. Impact of early postoperative platelet count on volumetric liver gain and perioperative outcomes after major liver resection. Br J Surg 2016; 103:899-907. [DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Although perioperative platelet count has been associated with postoperative morbidity and mortality, its impact on liver regeneration has not been examined directly. This study sought to determine the impact of platelet count on liver regeneration after major liver resection using cross-sectional imaging volumetric assessment.
Methods
Patients who underwent major liver resection between 2004 and 2015 and had available data on immediate postoperative platelet count, as well as preoperative and postoperative CT images, were identified retrospectively. Resected liver volume was subtracted from total liver volume (TLV) to define postoperative remnant liver volume (RLVp). The liver regeneration index was defined as the relative increase in liver volume within 2 months ((RLV2m – RLVp)/RLVp, where RLV2m is the remnant liver volume around 2 months after surgery). The association between platelet count, liver regeneration and outcomes was assessed.
Results
A total of 99 patients met the inclusion criteria. Overall, 25 patients (25 per cent) had a low platelet count (less than 150 × 109/l), whereas 74 had a normal–high platelet count (at least 150 × 109/l). Despite having comparable clinicopathological characteristics and RLVp/TLV at surgery (P = 0·903), the relative increase in liver volume within 2 months was considerably lower in the low-platelet group (3·9 versus 16·5 per cent; P = 0·043). Patients with a low platelet count had an increased risk of postoperative complications (72 versus 38 per cent; P = 0·003), longer hospital stay (8 versus 6 days; P = 0·004) and worse median overall survival (24·5 versus 67·3 months; P = 0·005) than those with a normal or high platelet count.
Conclusion
After major liver resection, a low postoperative platelet count was associated with inhibited liver regeneration, as well as worse short- and long-term outcomes. Immediate postoperative platelet count may be an early indicator to identify patients at increased risk of worse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Margonis
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - N Amini
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - S Buettner
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - S Besharati
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Y Kim
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - F Sobhani
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - I R Kamel
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - T M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Fananapazir G, Bashir MR, Marin D, Boll DT. Computer-aided liver volumetry: performance of a fully-automated, prototype post-processing solution for whole-organ and lobar segmentation based on MDCT imaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 40:1203-12. [PMID: 25326261 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-014-0276-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the performance of a prototype, fully-automated post-processing solution for whole-liver and lobar segmentation based on MDCT datasets. MATERIALS AND METHODS A polymer liver phantom was used to assess accuracy of post-processing applications comparing phantom volumes determined via Archimedes' principle with MDCT segmented datasets. For the IRB-approved, HIPAA-compliant study, 25 patients were enrolled. Volumetry performance compared the manual approach with the automated prototype, assessing intraobserver variability, and interclass correlation for whole-organ and lobar segmentation using ANOVA comparison. Fidelity of segmentation was evaluated qualitatively. RESULTS Phantom volume was 1581.0 ± 44.7 mL, manually segmented datasets estimated 1628.0 ± 47.8 mL, representing a mean overestimation of 3.0%, automatically segmented datasets estimated 1601.9 ± 0 mL, representing a mean overestimation of 1.3%. Whole-liver and segmental volumetry demonstrated no significant intraobserver variability for neither manual nor automated measurements. For whole-liver volumetry, automated measurement repetitions resulted in identical values; reproducible whole-organ volumetry was also achieved with manual segmentation, p(ANOVA) 0.98. For lobar volumetry, automated segmentation improved reproducibility over manual approach, without significant measurement differences for either methodology, p(ANOVA) 0.95-0.99. Whole-organ and lobar segmentation results from manual and automated segmentation showed no significant differences, p(ANOVA) 0.96-1.00. Assessment of segmentation fidelity found that segments I-IV/VI showed greater segmentation inaccuracies compared to the remaining right hepatic lobe segments. CONCLUSION Automated whole-liver segmentation showed non-inferiority of fully-automated whole-liver segmentation compared to manual approaches with improved reproducibility and post-processing duration; automated dual-seed lobar segmentation showed slight tendencies for underestimating the right hepatic lobe volume and greater variability in edge detection for the left hepatic lobe compared to manual segmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghaneh Fananapazir
- Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC 3808, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
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Changes in Liver Volume in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Undergoing Antiviral Therapy. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2016; 6:15-20. [PMID: 27194891 PMCID: PMC4862019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Liver volumetric analysis has not been used to detect hepatic remodelling during antiviral therapy before. We measured liver volume (LV) changes on volumetric magnetic resonance imaging during hepatitis C antiviral therapy. METHODS 22 biopsy-staged patients (median [range] age 45(19-65) years; 9F, 13M) with chronic hepatitis C virus infection were studied. LV was measured at the beginning, end of treatment and 6 months post-treatment using 3D T1-weighted acquisition, normalised to patient weight. Liver outlines were drawn manually on 4 mm thick image slices and LV calculated. Inter-observer agreement was analysed. Patients were also assessed longitudinally using biochemical parameters and liver stiffness using Fibroscan™. RESULTS Sustained viral response (SVR) was achieved in 13 patients with a mean baseline LV/kg of 0.022 (SD 0.004) L/kg. At the end of treatment, the mean LV/kg was 0.025 (SD 0.004, P = 0.024 cf baseline LV/kg) and 0.026 (SD 0.004, P = 0.008 cf baseline LV/kg) 6 months post-treatment (P = 0.030 cf baseline, P = 0.004). Body weight-corrected end of treatment LV change was significantly higher in patients with SVR compared to patients not attaining SVR (P = 0.050). End of treatment LV change was correlated to initial ALT (R (2) = 0.479, P = 0.037), but not APRI, AST, viral load or liver stiffness measurements. There was a correlation of 0.89 between observers for measured slice thickness. CONCLUSIONS LV increased during anti-viral treatment, while the body weight-corrected LV increase persisted post-antiviral therapy and was larger in patients with SVR.
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Key Words
- ALT, Alanine aminotransferase
- APRI, Aspartate transaminase to platelet ratio index
- AST, Aspartate transaminase
- CHC, Chronic hepatitis C
- CLD, Chronic liver disease
- CT, Computed tomography
- EASL, European Association for the Study of the Liver
- HCC, Hepatocellular carcinoma
- HCV, Hepatitis C virus
- LV, Liver volume
- MRI, Magnetic resonance imaging
- NAFLD, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
- NI, Necroinflammatory
- SVR, Sustained viral response
- hepatitis C virus
- liver volume
- magnetic resonance imaging
- sustained viral response
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Oshiro Y, Yano H, Mitani J, Kim S, Kim J, Fukunaga K, Ohkohchi N. Novel 3-dimensional virtual hepatectomy simulation combined with real-time deformation. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:9982-9992. [PMID: 26379403 PMCID: PMC4566391 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i34.9982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To develop a novel 3-dimensional (3D) virtual hepatectomy simulation software, Liversim, to visualize the real-time deformation of the liver.
METHODS: We developed a novel real-time virtual hepatectomy simulation software program called Liversim. The software provides 4 basic functions: viewing 3D models from arbitrary directions, changing the colors and opacities of the models, deforming the models based on user interaction, and incising the liver parenchyma and intrahepatic vessels based on user operations. From April 2010 through 2013, 99 patients underwent virtual hepatectomies that used the conventional software program SYNAPSE VINCENT preoperatively. Between April 2012 and October 2013, 11 patients received virtual hepatectomies using the novel software program Liversim; these hepatectomies were performed both preoperatively and at the same that the actual hepatectomy was performed in an operating room. The perioperative outcomes were analyzed between the patients for whom SYNAPSE VINCENT was used and those for whom Liversim was used. Furthermore, medical students and surgical residents were asked to complete questionnaires regarding the new software.
RESULTS: There were no obvious discrepancies (i.e., the emergence of branches in the portal vein or hepatic vein or the depth and direction of the resection line) between our simulation and the actual surgery during the resection process. The median operating time was 304 min (range, 110 to 846) in the VINCENT group and 397 min (range, 232 to 497) in the Liversim group (P = 0.30). The median amount of intraoperative bleeding was 510 mL (range, 18 to 5120) in the VINCENT group and 470 mL (range, 130 to 1600) in the Liversim group (P = 0.44). The median postoperative stay was 12 d (range, 6 to 100) in the VINCENT group and 13 d (range, 9 to 21) in the Liversim group (P = 0.36). There were no significant differences in the preoperative outcomes between the two groups. Liversim was not found to be clinically inferior to SYNAPSE VINCENT. Both students and surgical residents reported that the Liversim image was almost the same as the actual hepatectomy.
CONCLUSION: Virtual hepatectomy with real-time deformation of the liver using Liversim is useful for the safe performance of hepatectomies and for surgical education.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Bile Duct Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
- Bile Duct Neoplasms/pathology
- Bile Duct Neoplasms/surgery
- Blood Loss, Surgical
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnostic imaging
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/surgery
- Cholangiocarcinoma/diagnostic imaging
- Cholangiocarcinoma/pathology
- Cholangiocarcinoma/surgery
- Computer Graphics
- Computer Simulation
- Education, Medical/methods
- Female
- Hepatectomy/adverse effects
- Hepatectomy/education
- Hepatectomy/methods
- Humans
- Imaging, Three-Dimensional
- Internship and Residency
- Length of Stay
- Liver Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/surgery
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Operative Time
- Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted
- Retrospective Studies
- Software Design
- Students, Medical/psychology
- Surgeons/psychology
- Surgery, Computer-Assisted/adverse effects
- Surgery, Computer-Assisted/methods
- Surveys and Questionnaires
- Time Factors
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Treatment Outcome
- User-Computer Interface
- Visual Perception
- Young Adult
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Gotra A, Chartrand G, Massicotte-Tisluck K, Morin-Roy F, Vandenbroucke-Menu F, de Guise JA, Tang A. Validation of a semiautomated liver segmentation method using CT for accurate volumetry. Acad Radiol 2015; 22:1088-98. [PMID: 25907454 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To compare the repeatability and agreement of a semiautomated liver segmentation method with manual segmentation for assessment of total liver volume on CT (computed tomography). MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective, institutional review board-approved study was conducted in 41 subjects who underwent liver CT for preoperative planning. The major pathologies encountered were colorectal cancer metastases, benign liver lesions and hepatocellular carcinoma. This semiautomated segmentation method is based on variational interpolation and 3D minimal path-surface segmentation. Total and subsegmental liver volumes were segmented from contrast-enhanced CT images in venous phase. Two image analysts independently performed semiautomated segmentations and two other image analysts performed manual segmentations. Repeatability and agreement of both methods were evaluated with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis. Interaction time was recorded for both methods. RESULTS Bland-Altman analysis revealed an intrareader agreement of -1 ± 27 mL (mean ± 1.96 standard deviation) with ICC of 0.999 (P < .001) for manual segmentation and 12 ± 97 mL with ICC of 0.991 (P < .001) for semiautomated segmentation. Bland-Altman analysis revealed an interreader agreement of -4 ± 22 mL with ICC of 0.999 (P < .001) for manual segmentation and 5 ± 98 mL with ICC of 0.991 (P < .001) for semiautomated segmentation. Intermethod agreement was found to be 3 ± 120 mL with ICC of 0.988 (P < .001). Mean interaction time was 34.3 ± 16.7 minutes for the manual method and 8.0 ± 1.2 minutes for the semiautomated method (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS A semiautomated segmentation method can substantially shorten interaction time while preserving a high repeatability and agreement with manual segmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshat Gotra
- Department of Radiology, Saint-Luc Hospital, University of Montreal, 1058 rue Saint-Denis, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2X 3J4; Department of Radiology, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gabriel Chartrand
- Imaging and Orthopaedics Research Laboratory (LIO), École de technologie supérieure, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karine Massicotte-Tisluck
- Department of Radiology, Saint-Luc Hospital, University of Montreal, 1058 rue Saint-Denis, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2X 3J4
| | - Florence Morin-Roy
- Department of Radiology, Saint-Luc Hospital, University of Montreal, 1058 rue Saint-Denis, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2X 3J4
| | - Franck Vandenbroucke-Menu
- Department of Hepato-biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Saint-Luc Hospital, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jacques A de Guise
- Imaging and Orthopaedics Research Laboratory (LIO), École de technologie supérieure, Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - An Tang
- Department of Radiology, Saint-Luc Hospital, University of Montreal, 1058 rue Saint-Denis, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2X 3J4; Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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