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Ahmetov II, John G, Semenova EA, Hall ECR. Genomic predictors of physical activity and athletic performance. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2024; 111:311-408. [PMID: 38908902 DOI: 10.1016/bs.adgen.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Physical activity and athletic performance are complex phenotypes influenced by environmental and genetic factors. Recent advances in lifestyle and behavioral genomics led to the discovery of dozens of DNA polymorphisms (variants) associated with physical activity and allowed to use them as genetic instruments in Mendelian randomization studies for identifying the causal links between physical activity and health outcomes. On the other hand, exercise and sports genomics studies are focused on the search for genetic variants associated with athlete status, sports injuries and individual responses to training and supplement use. In this review, the findings of studies investigating genetic markers and their associations with physical activity and athlete status are reported. As of the end of September 2023, a total of 149 variants have been associated with various physical activity traits (of which 42 variants are genome-wide significant) and 253 variants have been linked to athlete status (115 endurance-related, 96 power-related, and 42 strength-related).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildus I Ahmetov
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Sports Genetics Laboratory, St Petersburg Research Institute of Physical Culture, St. Petersburg, Russia; Laboratory of Genetics of Aging and Longevity, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia; Department of Physical Education, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia.
| | - George John
- Transform Specialist Medical Centre, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ekaterina A Semenova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia; Research Institute of Physical Culture and Sport, Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan, Russia
| | - Elliott C R Hall
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
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Aasdahl L, Nilsen TIL, Meisingset I, Nordstoga AL, Evensen KAI, Paulsen J, Mork PJ, Skarpsno ES. Genetic variants related to physical activity or sedentary behaviour: a systematic review. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:15. [PMID: 33482856 PMCID: PMC7821484 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-01077-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research shows that part of the variation in physical activity and sedentary behaviour may be explained by genetic factors. Identifying genetic variants associated with physical activity and sedentary behaviour can improve causal inference in physical activity research. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an updated overview of the evidence of genetic variants associated with physical activity or sedentary behaviour. METHODS We performed systematic literature searches in PubMed and Embase for studies published from 1990 to April 2020 using keywords relating to "physical activity", "exercise", "sedentariness" and "genetics". Physical activity phenotypes were either based on self-report (e.g., questionnaires, diaries) or objective measures (e.g., accelerometry, pedometer). We considered original studies aiming to i) identify new genetic variants associated with physical activity or sedentary behaviour (i.e., genome wide association studies [GWAS]), or ii) assess the association between known genetic variants and physical activity or sedentary behaviour (i.e., candidate gene studies). Study selection, data extraction, and critical appraisal were carried out by independent researchers, and risk of bias and methodological quality was assessed for all included studies. RESULTS Fifty-four out of 5420 identified records met the inclusion criteria. Six of the included studies were GWAS, whereas 48 used a candidate gene approach. Only one GWAS and three candidate gene studies were considered high-quality. The six GWAS discovered up to 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with physical activity or sedentariness that reached genome-wide significance. In total, the candidate gene studies reported 30 different genes that were associated (p < 0.05) with physical activity or sedentary behaviour. SNPs in or close to nine candidate genes were associated with physical activity or sedentary behaviour in more than one study. CONCLUSION GWAS have reported up to 10 loci associated with physical activity or sedentary behaviour. Candidate gene studies have pointed to some interesting genetic variants, but few have been replicated. Our review highlights the need for high-quality GWAS in large population-based samples, and with objectively assessed phenotypes, in order to establish robust genetic instruments for physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Furthermore, consistent replications in GWAS are needed to improve credibility of genetic variants. TRIAL REGISTRATION Prospero CRD42019119456 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Lene Aasdahl
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Postboks 8905, MTFS, 7491, Trondheim, Norway. .,Unicare Helsefort Rehabilitation Centre, Rissa, Norway.
| | - Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Postboks 8905, MTFS, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ingebrigt Meisingset
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Postboks 8905, MTFS, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anne Lovise Nordstoga
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Postboks 8905, MTFS, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kari Anne I Evensen
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Postboks 8905, MTFS, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Physiotherapy, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.,Unit for Physiotherapy Services, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Julie Paulsen
- Department of Medical Genetics, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Paul Jarle Mork
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Postboks 8905, MTFS, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eivind Schjelderup Skarpsno
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Postboks 8905, MTFS, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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Maugeri A. The Effects of Dietary Interventions on DNA Methylation: Implications for Obesity Management. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228670. [PMID: 33212948 PMCID: PMC7698434 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous evidence from in vivo and observational research suggested how dietary factors might affect DNA methylation signatures involved in obesity risk. However, findings from experimental studies are still scarce and, if present, not so clear. The current review summarizes studies investigating the effect of dietary interventions on DNA methylation in the general population and especially in people at risk for or with obesity. Overall, these studies suggest how dietary interventions may induce DNA methylation changes, which in turn are likely related to the risk of obesity and to different response to weight loss programs. These findings might explain the high interindividual variation in weight loss after a dietary intervention, with some people losing a lot of weight while others much less so. However, the interactions between genetic, epigenetic, environmental and lifestyle factors make the whole framework even more complex and further studies are needed to support the hypothesis of personalized interventions against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Maugeri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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4
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Chen J, Zhang A, Yang Y, Si Y, Hao D. Assessment of interleukin 6 gene polymorphisms with rheumatoid arthritis. Gene 2020; 765:145070. [PMID: 32898607 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is complex autoimmune system disease and significant impact on the health of population in our world. Numerous studies confirmed that genetic factors play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of RA. In this current study, we aimed to investigate IL-6 polymorphisms and RA risk in Chinese Han population. METHODS 508 RA patients and 494 age- and gender- matched healthy controls were recruited, all subjects were genotyped with an Agena MassARRAY platform. Subsequently, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by unconditional logistic regression after adjusting for age and gender. RESULTS Our results suggested that IL-6 rs2243289 allele and genotype frequencies were associated with reduced RA risk under all genetic models (all p < 0.05). Stratification analysis revealed that IL-6 rs2243289 polymorphism was significant associated with decreased the risk of RA in the old groups (age > 54) (all p < 0.05). However, IL-6 rs2069837 and rs1800796 polymorphisms were associated with increased risk of RA among the young groups (age ≤ 54) (all p < 0.05). In addition, subgroup analysis by gender suggested that IL-6 rs2069837 and rs1800796 polymorphism were interacted with increased the risk of RA in males (all p < 0.05). Besides, IL-6 rs2243289 was associated with reduced RA risk in females. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our results demonstrated the correlation between IL and 6 polymorphisms and RA susceptibility and confirmed for the first time that the relationship was restricted to age and gender in Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Department of Orthopedics, Guolong Hospital, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, China
| | - Aijun Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yonghui Yang
- Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an 630 Hospital, Yanliang, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yufang Si
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China; Department of Spine Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China.
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Miranda-Vilela AL, Ribeiro IF, Grisolia CK. Association between interleukin 6 -174 G/C promoter gene polymorphism and runners' responses to the dietary ingestion of antioxidant supplementation based on pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) oil: a before-after study. Genet Mol Biol 2016; 39:554-566. [PMID: 27727360 PMCID: PMC5127149 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2015-0299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise is a double-edged sword: when practiced in moderation, it increases the expression of antioxidant enzymes, but when practiced strenuously it causes oxidative stress and cell damage. In this context, polymorphisms in the interleukin (IL)-6 gene should be investigated better because they can influence performance, at least in exercise that generates oxidative stress and leads to muscular injuries with consequent inflammation. In this work, we investigated the influence of IL-6 -174 G/C polymorphism on tissue damage and inflammation markers, lipid peroxidation, hemogram and lipid profile of runners before and after ingestion of 400 mg of pequi oil in capsules supplied daily for 14 consecutive days. The IL-6 genotypes were associated with significant differences in lipid peroxidation, with the CC mutant having lower values. There were also significant differences among these genotypes in the response to supplementation with pequi oil, exercise-induced damage and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. The best protection against damage was observed with the heterozygous genotype. Although the CC genotype showed an increase in CRP levels after supplementation, the lack of a positive correlation between triglycerides and high-sensitivity CRP in this mutant genotype after supplementation indicated a protective effect of pequi. These findings deserve further investigation, particularly with regard to the quantification of circulating IL-6 concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luisa Miranda-Vilela
- Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.,Faculty of Medicine, Faculdades Integradas da União Educacional do Planalto Central (Faciplac), Campus Gama, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Ieler Ferreira Ribeiro
- Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.,Faculty of Medicine, Faculdades Integradas da União Educacional do Planalto Central (Faciplac), Campus Gama, Brasília, DF, Brazil.,Unieuro Centro Universitário, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Cesar Koppe Grisolia
- Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
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Li B, Xiao Y, Xing D, Ma XL, Liu J. Circulating interleukin-6 and rheumatoid arthritis: A Mendelian randomization meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3855. [PMID: 27281095 PMCID: PMC4907673 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6), as a pleiotropic cytokine, has been demonstrated to be closely associated with the pathogenisis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, whether this association is causal or not remains unclear, because of the multifactorial role of IL-6 and related confounding factors. We aimed to evaluate the causal relevance between circulating IL-6 levels and the risk of RA through meta-analytical Mendelian randomization approach. IL-6 gene -174G/C variant was selected as an instrument in this Mendelian randomization meta-analysis. Article identification and data collection were conducted in duplicate and independently by 2 authors. The STATA software was used for data analysis. In total, 15 and 5 articles on the association of the -174G/C variant with RA risk and circulating IL-6 level, respectively, were included. The overall analysis showed that C allelic and GC+CC genotype were significantly with 1.59-fold (95% CI: 1.19-2.14) and 1.63-fold (95% CI: 1.17-2.26) increased risk of developing RA, respectively. Asian populations showed stronger association with 4.55-fold (95% CI: 1.62-12.75), 1.84-fold (95% CI: 1.13-2.99), and 4.69-fold (95% CI: 1.68-13.14) increased RA risk in carriers of -174C allelic, CC, and GC+CC genotype, respectively. Carriers of GC+CC genotype showed significant reduction in the circulating IL-6 level compared with GG carriers (WMD = -0.77; 95% CI: -1.16 to -0.38; P = 0.000) in overall populations. Mendelian randomization presented 6% and 22% increased risk of RA with 0.1 pg/mL reduction of circulating IL-6 level in overall and Asian populations, respectively. This Mendelian randomization meta-analysis demonstrated that the long-term genetically reduced circulating IL-6 level might be causally related to a higher risk of RA, especially in Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jun Liu
- ∗Correspondence: Jun Liu, Joint Department, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China (e-mail: )
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De Lorenzo A, Soldati L, Sarlo F, Calvani M, Di Lorenzo N, Di Renzo L. New obesity classification criteria as a tool for bariatric surgery indication. World J Gastroenterol 2016; 22:681-703. [PMID: 26811617 PMCID: PMC4716069 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i2.681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity plays relevant pathophysiological role in the development of health problems, arising as result of complex interaction of genetic, nutritional, and metabolic factors. Due to the role of adipose tissue in lipid and glucose metabolism, and low grade inflammation, it is necessary to classify obesity on the basis of body fat composition and distribution, rather than the simply increase of body weight, and the Body Mass Index. The new term of adiposopathy (‘‘sick fat’’) clearly defines the pathogenic role of adipose tissue. Four phenotypes of obese individuals have been described: (1) normal weight obese (NWO); (2) metabolically obese normal weight; (3) metabolically healthy obese; and (4) metabolically unhealthy obese or “at risk” obese. Moreover, sarcopenic obesity has been related to all the phenotypes. The category of normal weight lean, represented by metabolically healthy normal weight has been classified to distinguish from NWO. It is crucial to recommend a bariatric surgery taking into account adiposopathy and sick fat that occurs with the expansion of fat mass, changing the inflammatory and metabolic profile of the patient. Body fat percentage and genetic polymorphism have to be evaluated to personalize the best bariatric surgery intervention.
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8
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Mankowska M, Stachowiak M, Graczyk A, Ciazynska P, Gogulski M, Nizanski W, Switonski M. Sequence analysis of three canine adipokine genes revealed an association between TNF polymorphisms and obesity in Labrador dogs. Anim Genet 2015; 47:245-9. [PMID: 26692319 DOI: 10.1111/age.12390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is an emerging health problem in purebred dogs. Due to their crucial role in energy homeostasis control, genes encoding adipokines are considered candidate genes, and their variants may be associated with predisposition to obesity. Searching for polymorphism was carried out in three adipokine genes (TNF, RETN and IL6). The study was performed on 260 dogs, including lean (n = 109), overweight (n = 88) and obese (n = 63) dogs. The largest cohort was represented by Labrador Retrievers (n = 136). Altogether, 24 novel polymorphisms were identified: 12 in TNF (including one missense SNP), eight in RETN (including one missense SNP) and four in IL6. Distributions of five common SNPs (two in TNF, two in RETN and one in IL6) were further analyzed with regard to body condition score. Two SNPs in the non-coding parts of TNF (c.-40A>C and c.233+14G>A) were associated with obesity in Labrador dogs. The obtained results showed that the studied adipokine genes are highly polymorphic and two polymorphisms in the TNF gene may be considered as markers predisposing Labrador dogs to obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mankowska
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, 60-637, Poland
| | - M Stachowiak
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, 60-637, Poland
| | - A Graczyk
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, 60-637, Poland
| | - P Ciazynska
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, 60-637, Poland
| | - M Gogulski
- Poznan University of Life Sciences, University Centre for Veterinary Medicine, Poznan, 60-637, Poland
| | - W Nizanski
- Department of Reproduction and Clinic of Farm Animals, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, 50-366, Poland
| | - M Switonski
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, 60-637, Poland
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Nicoletti CF, Nonino CB, de Oliveira BAP, Pinhel MADS, Mansego ML, Milagro FI, Zulet MA, Martinez JA. DNA Methylation and Hydroxymethylation Levels in Relation to Two Weight Loss Strategies: Energy-Restricted Diet or Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-015-1802-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Association of IL-6 polymorphism -174G/C and metabolic syndrome in hypertensive patients. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:927589. [PMID: 25815341 PMCID: PMC4359832 DOI: 10.1155/2015/927589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction. Visceral obesity, the central core of metabolic syndrome (MetS), is conceived as the pathogenic basis of an increased cardiovascular burden and is related with changes in cytokines. We investigated whether IL-6-174G/C gene polymorphism is associated with MetS prevalence in hypertensive patients. Method. A population of hypertensive patients was included and stratified by the presence of MetS according to IDF criteria and evaluated by Framingham risk score. The IL-6-174G/C genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction and the prevalence of MetS was compared between “C” carrier and “non-C” carrier groups. Results. From an original sample of 664 patients, 612 (34.2% men, age 57.3 ± 10.1, 30.4% diabetics) were included. MetS was diagnosed in 51.3% of total population and “C” carriers demonstrated high prevalence of MetS (P < 0.05) and each of its components. On binary logistic regression, it was observed that the IL-6 polymorphism was independently associated with occurrence of MetS, even after adjusting for covariates (OR 1.13–2.37, 95% CI, P < 0.05). Conclusion. The C allele at the -174 locus of IL-6 gene is independently associated with the occurrence of metabolic syndrome, emphasizing the importance of inflammatory genetic background in the pathogenesis of visceral obesity and related cardiovascular burden.
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Funghetto SS, de Oliveira Silva A, de Sousa NMF, Stival MM, Tibana RA, Pereira LC, Antunes MLC, de Lima LR, Prestes J, Oliveira RJ, Dutra MT, Souza VC, da Cunha Nascimento D, de Oliveira Karnikowski MG. Comparison of percentage body fat and body mass index for the prediction of inflammatory and atherogenic lipid risk profiles in elderly women. Clin Interv Aging 2015; 10:247-53. [PMID: 25609936 PMCID: PMC4298285 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s69711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical classification of the body mass index (BMI) and percentage body fat (PBF) for the prediction of inflammatory and atherogenic lipid profile risk in older women. METHOD Cross-sectional analytical study with 277 elderly women from a local community in the Federal District, Brazil. PBF and fat-free mass (FFM) were determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The investigated inflammatory parameters were interleukin 6 and C-reactive protein. RESULTS Twenty-five percent of the elderly women were classified as normal weight, 50% overweight, and 25% obese by the BMI. The obese group had higher levels of triglycerides and very low-density lipoproteins than did the normal weight group (P≤0.05) and lower levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) than did the overweight group (P≤0.05). According to the PBF, 49% of the elderly women were classified as eutrophic, 28% overweight, and 23% obese. In the binomial logistic regression analyses including age, FFM, and lipid profile, only FFM (odds ratio [OR]=0.809, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.739-0.886; P<0.0005) proved to be a predictor of reaching the eutrophic state by the BMI. When the cutoff points of PBF were used for the classification, FFM (OR=0.903, CI=0.884-0.965; P=0.003) and the total cholesterol/HDL ratio (OR=0.113, CI=0.023-0.546; P=0.007) proved to be predictors of reaching the eutrophic state. CONCLUSION Accurate identification of obesity, systemic inflammation, and atherogenic lipid profile is key to assessing the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Classification based on dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measures, along with biochemical and inflammatory parameters, seems to have a great clinical importance, since it allows the lipid profile eutrophic distinction in elderly overweight women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Vinícius Carolino Souza
- University of Brasília (UnB), Brasília, DF, Brazil
- Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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12
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de Oliveira R, Moraes TI, Cerda A, Hirata MH, Fajardo CM, Sousa MC, Dorea EL, Bernik MMS, Hirata RDC. ADIPOQ and IL6 variants are associated with a pro-inflammatory status in obeses with cardiometabolic dysfunction. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2015; 7:34. [PMID: 25897330 PMCID: PMC4403938 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-015-0027-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphisms in genes encoding adiponectin (ADIPOQ) and interleukin-6 (IL6) have been associated with adiposity and obese-related phenotypes. This study investigated the relationship of ADIPOQ and IL6 gene polymorphisms with pro-inflammatory and cardiometabolic markers in obese patients. METHODS Anthropometric and body composition parameters were measured in 249 Brazilian subjects (30 to 68 yr). Metabolic and inflammatory markers and adipokines were analyzed in blood samples. ADIPOQ rs2241766 (45 T > G) and IL6 rs1800795 (-174G > C) polymorphisms were analyzed by real-time PCR and PCR-RFLP, respectively. RESULTS Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and increased values of waist circumference, body fat, leptin, fibrinogen, IL-1β, hsCRP and TNFα were related to obesity (p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed a positive correlation between BMI and waist circumference, body fat, leptin, fibrinogen, PAI-1, IL-1β, hsCRP and TNFα values (p < 0.001) but not with adiponectin. Obese group had altered metabolic status, resistance to leptin and insulin, and atherogenic and pro-inflammatory profiles. ADIPOQ and IL6 variants were not directely related to obesity, leptin resistance or alterations in cardiometabolic markers. Individuals carrying ADIPOQ 45G allele (TG + GG genotype) had higher IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα levels than TT genotype carriers (p < 0.05). IL6 -174GG genotype was associated with increased IL-1β levels (p = 0.033). CONCLUSION Obesity is associated with leptin resistance, cardiometabolic alterations and a pro-inflammatory status. Our results are suggestive that ADIPOQ and IL6 polymorphisms contribute to cardiometabolic risk in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel de Oliveira
- />School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Tamiris Invencioni Moraes
- />School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Alvaro Cerda
- />School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, SP Brazil
- />Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, BIOREN-CEGIN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Mario Hiroyuki Hirata
- />School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Cristina Moreno Fajardo
- />School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Marcela Correia Sousa
- />School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, 05508-900, Sao Paulo, SP Brazil
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Rendo-Urteaga T, Puchau B, Chueca M, Oyarzabal M, Azcona-Sanjulián MC, Martínez JA, Marti A. Total antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress after a 10-week dietary intervention program in obese children. Eur J Pediatr 2014; 173:609-16. [PMID: 24310523 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-013-2229-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Dietary and serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) are considered appropriate tools for investigating the potential health effects of dietary antioxidants consumed in mixed diets. The aim was to analyze the impact of a dietary intervention on macronutrient intakes and to evaluate the improvement on oxidative status after weight loss (WL) by measuring dietary and serum TAC, and urinary F2-isoprostane levels as markers of oxidative stress. Forty-four overweight/obese children (mean age 11.5 years) were enrolled to undergo a 10-week WL program. They were dichotomized at the median of body mass index-standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) change, as high (HR) and low responders (LR) after intervention. Subjects were prescribed with a fixed full-day meal diet, calculated according to their basal metabolic rate and physical activity levels. A validated food-frequency questionnaire was used to retrospectively calculate TAC and daily nutrient intake. The HR subjects were able to reduce anthropometric indices and to improve lipid and glucose profile. They also significantly diminished fat intake (p = 0.013). Moreover, baseline serum TAC values did significantly predict the reduction in urinary F2 isoprostane (B = -0.236 (-0.393 to -0.078); p = 0.014) in the HR group after the WL program. Notably, changes in dietary TAC after the treatment were associated with a decrease in body weight after the 10-week intervention (B = -2.815 (-5.313 to -0.318), p = 0.029) in the HR group. The -ΔSerumTAC/ΔDietaryTAC and the -ΔF2Isoprostane/ΔDietaryTAC ratios revealed that the relationships between oxidative markers and antioxidants dietary intake were more favorable in the HR than in the LR group. CONCLUSION Our study showed that a 10-week WL program was able to reduce adiposity indices in obese children. Moreover, after the intervention changes in dietary TAC and WL were significantly associated. Our result suggests that specific food with a high TAC content (such as fruits, vegetables, and legumes) could be recommended to improve WL.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Rendo-Urteaga
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea s/n, CP31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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Miki T, Liu JQ, Ohta KI, Suzuki S, Kusaka T, Warita K, Yokoyama T, Jamal M, Ueki M, Yakura T, Tamai M, Sumitani K, Hosomi N, Takeuchi Y. Early postnatal maternal separation causes alterations in the expression of β3-adrenergic receptor in rat adipose tissue suggesting long-term influence on obesity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 442:68-71. [PMID: 24220331 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The effects of early postnatal maternal deprivation on the biological characteristics of the adipose tissue later in life were investigated in the present study. Sprague-Dawley rats were classified as either maternal deprivation (MD) or mother-reared control (MRC) groups. MD was achieved by separating the rat pups from their mothers for 3h each day during the 10-15 postnatal days. mRNA levels of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1), β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR), and prohibitin (PHB) in the brown and white adipose tissue were determined using real-time RT-PCR analysis. UCP-1, which is mediated through β3-AR, is closely involved in the energy metabolism and expenditure. PHB is highly expressed in the proliferating tissues/cells. At 10 weeks of age, the body weight of the MRC and MD rats was similar. However, the levels of the key molecules in the adipose tissue were substantially altered. There was a significant increase in the expression of PHB mRNA in the white adipose tissue, while the β3-AR mRNA expression decreased significantly, and the UCP-1 mRNA expression remained unchanged in the brown adipose tissue. Given that these molecules influence the mitochondrial metabolism, our study indicates that early postnatal maternal deprivation can influence the fate of adipose tissue proliferation, presumably leading to obesity later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Miki
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Japan.
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Huang M, Wang L, Ma H, Wang J, Xiang M. Lack of an association between interleukin-6 -174G/C polymorphism and circulating interleukin-6 levels in normal population: a meta-analysis. DNA Cell Biol 2013; 32:654-64. [PMID: 24044580 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2013.2148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling may play a causal role in the development of coronary heart disease. However, the relationship between IL-6 genotypes and plasma levels of IL-6 appears to be complex. To help clarify the inconsistent findings, we conducted a meta-analysis of the published genetic association studies of the -174 G/C polymorphisms in the IL-6 gene and the circulating IL-6 levels in a normal population. In this meta-analysis, no significant association of IL-6 -174G/C polymorphism and circulating IL-6 levels in a normal population was observed. However, when compared among GG, GC, and CC genotypes, heterogeneity existed among the studies. Sensitivity analysis revealed that, the independent study by Shen et al. influenced the heterogeneity in the homozygous and heterozygous comparison. Although Shen et al.'s study was excluded, no significant association was observed between IL-6 -174G/C polymorphism and circulating IL-6 levels in a normal population [homozygous comparison (GG vs. CC): the pooled standard mean difference (SMD) was -0.01, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.1-0.08; heterozygous comparison (GC vs. GG or CC): the pooled SMD (GG vs. GC) was -0.05, 95%CI: -0.11-0.01, and the pooled SMD (CC vs. GC) was 0.03, 95%CI: -0.03-0.1]. Under the dominant model, the pooled SMD was -0.05, 95%CI: -0.11-0.01). The meta-analysis provides evidence that the -174G/C polymorphism in the IL-6 gene is not significantly associated with circulating IL-6 levels in a normal population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou, China
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Paternain L, de la Garza AL, Batlle MA, Milagro FI, Martínez JA, Campión J. Prenatal stress increases the obesogenic effects of a high-fat-sucrose diet in adult rats in a sex-specific manner. Stress 2013; 16:220-32. [PMID: 22738222 DOI: 10.3109/10253890.2012.707708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress during pregnancy can induce metabolic disorders in adult offspring. To analyze the possible differential response to a high-fat-sucrose (HFS) diet in offspring affected by prenatal stress (PNS) or not, pregnant Wistar rats (n = 11) were exposed to a chronic mild stress during the third week of gestation. The aim of this study was to model a chronic depressive-like state that develops over time in response to exposure of rats to a series of mild and unpredictable stressors. Control dams (n = 11) remained undisturbed. Adult offspring were fed chow or HFS diet (20% protein, 35% carbohydrate, 45% fat) for 10 weeks. Changes in adiposity, biochemical profile, and retroperitoneal adipose tissue gene expression by real-time polymerase chain reaction were analyzed. An interaction was observed between HFS and PNS concerning visceral adiposity, with higher fat mass in HFS-fed stressed rats, statistically significant only in females. HFS modified lipid profile and increased insulin resistance biomarkers, while PNS reduced insulin concentrations and the homeostasis model assessment index. HFS diet increased gene (mRNA) expression for leptin and apelin and decreased cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A and fatty acid synthase (Fasn), whereas PNS increased Fasn and stearoyl-CoA desaturase1. An interaction between diet and PNS was observed for adiponutrin (Adpn) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator1-α (Ppargc1a) gene expression: Adpn was increased by the PNS only in HFS-fed rats, whereas Ppargc1a was increased by the PNS only in chow-fed rats. From these results, it can be concluded that experience of maternal stress during intrauterine development can enhance predisposition to obesity induced by a HFS diet intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Paternain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, c/Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
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Paternain L, Martisova E, Milagro FI, Ramírez MJ, Martínez JA, Campión J. Postnatal maternal separation modifies the response to an obesogenic diet in adulthood in rats. Dis Model Mech 2012; 5:691-7. [PMID: 22773756 PMCID: PMC3424467 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.009043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An early-life adverse environment has been implicated in the susceptibility to different diseases in adulthood, such as mental disorders, diabetes and obesity. We analyzed the effects of a high-fat sucrose (HFS) diet for 35 days in adult female rats that had experienced 180 minutes daily of maternal separation (MS) during lactancy. Changes in the obesity phenotype, biochemical profile, levels of glucocorticoid metabolism biomarkers, and the expression of different obesity- and glucocorticoid-metabolism-related genes were analyzed in periovaric adipose tissue. HFS intake increased body weight, adiposity and serum leptin levels, whereas MS decreased fat pad masses but only in rats fed an HFS diet. MS reduced insulin resistance markers but only in chow-fed rats. Corticosterone and estradiol serum levels did not change in this experimental model. A multiple gene expression analysis revealed that the expression of adiponutrin (Adpn) was increased owing to MS, and an interaction between HFS diet intake and MS was observed in the mRNA levels of leptin (Lep) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (Ppargc1a). These results revealed that early-life stress affects the response to an HFS diet later in life, and that this response can lead to phenotype and transcriptomic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Paternain
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain
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Bastarache JA, Ware LB, Girard TD, Wheeler AP, Rice TW. Markers of inflammation and coagulation may be modulated by enteral feeding strategy. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2012; 36:732-40. [PMID: 22318965 DOI: 10.1177/0148607111433054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although enteral nutrition (EN) is provided to most mechanically ventilated patients, the effect of specific feeding strategies on circulating markers of coagulation and inflammation is unknown. METHODS Markers of inflammation (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin [IL]-1β, interferon [IFN]-γ, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12) and coagulation (tissue factor [TF], plasminogen activator inhibitor-1) were measured at baseline (n = 185) and 6 days (n = 103) in mechanically ventilated intensive care unit patients enrolled in a randomized controlled study of trophic vs full-energy feeds to test the hypothesis that trophic enteral feeds would be associated with decreases in markers of inflammation and coagulation compared to full-energy feeds. RESULTS There were no differences in any of the biomarkers measured at day 6 between patients who were randomized to receive trophic feeds compared to full-energy feeds. However, TF levels decreased modestly in patients from baseline to day 6 in the trophic feeding group (343.3 vs 247.8 pg/mL, P = .061) but increased slightly in the full-calorie group (314.3 vs 331.8 pg/mL). Lower levels of TF at day 6 were associated with a lower mortality, and patients who died had increasing TF levels between days 0 and 6 (median increase of 39.7) compared to decreasing TF levels in patients who lived (median decrease of 95.0, P = .033). CONCLUSIONS EN strategy in critically ill patients with acute respiratory failure does not significantly modify inflammation and coagulation by day 6, but trophic feeds may have some modest effects in attenuating inflammation and coagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Bastarache
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2650, USA.
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Paternain L, Batlle MA, De la Garza AL, Milagro FI, Martínez JA, Campión J. Transcriptomic and epigenetic changes in the hypothalamus are involved in an increased susceptibility to a high-fat-sucrose diet in prenatally stressed female rats. Neuroendocrinology 2012; 96:249-60. [PMID: 22986707 DOI: 10.1159/000341684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Disturbances in the prenatal period are linked to metabolic disorders in adulthood, implying the hypothalamic systems of appetite and energy balance regulation. In order to analyze the central effects of a high-fat-sucrose (HFS) diet in prenatally stressed (PNS) female adult rats, Wistar dams were exposed to chronic-mild-stress during the third week of gestation and were then compared with unstressed controls. Adult female offspring were fed a chow or HFS diet for 10 weeks. Changes in body weight, adiposity as well as expression and methylation levels of selected hypothalamic genes were analyzed. PNS induced lower birthweight and body length with no changes in body fat mass. After the HFS diet, the expected overweight model was observed accompanied by higher adiposity and insulin resistance, which was worsened by PNS. The stress model induced higher energy intake in adulthood. Hypothalamic gene expression analysis revealed that the HFS diet decreased Slc6a3 (dopamine active transporter), NPY (neuropeptide Y) and IR (insulin receptor) and increased POMC (pro-opiomelanocortin). Hypothalamic DNA methylation levels in the promoter region of Slc6a3 revealed that Slc6a3 was hypermethylated by the HFS diet in CpG site -53 bp to the transcription start site. HFS diet also hypermethylated CpG site -167 bp of the POMC promoter only in nonstressed animals. No correlations were found between gene expression and DNA methylation levels. These results imply that early-life stress in females increased predisposition to diet-induced obesity in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Paternain
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
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20
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Body composition changes after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding: what is the role of -174G>C interleukin-6 promoter gene polymorphism in the therapeutic strategy? Int J Obes (Lond) 2011; 36:369-78. [PMID: 21730965 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2011.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that interleukin-6 (IL-6) is linked to the regulation of fat mass (FM). Our previous data define the common -174G>C IL-6 polymorphism as a marker for 'vulnerable' individuals at risk of age- and obesity-related diseases. An association between -174G>C IL-6 polymorphism and weight loss after bariatric surgery has been demonstrated. OBJECTIVE We investigated the impact of -174G>C IL-6 polymorphism on weight loss, body composition, fluid distribution and cardiometabolic changes in obese subjects, after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) surgery. DESIGN AND OUTCOME MEASURES A total of 40 obese subjects were studied at baseline and at 6 months follow-up after LAGB surgery. Cardiometabolic and genetic assessment of -174G>C IL-6 polymorphism, anthropometric, body composition and fluid distribution analysis were performed. RESULTS After LAGB surgery, significant reductions in weight (Δ%=-11.66 ± 7.78, P<0.001), body mass index (P<0.001), total and trunk FM (kg, %) (Δ% of total FM=-22.22 ± 12.15, P<0.01), bone mineral density (T-score) (P<0.001), resting metabolic rate (RMR) (P<0.01), and total body water and intracellular water (TBW, ICW) (P<0.05) were observed. At baseline, C(-) carriers of IL-6 polymorphism had a significantly higher RMR (P<0.05), free FM (kg), but less total and trunk FM (%), higher body cell mass (BCM), content of TBW (L) and ECW (extracellular water)/ICW ratio compared with C(+) carriers (P<0.001). After LAGB, C(+) carriers had a significantly stronger reduction of total FM (kg), but lower bone density, compared with C(-) carriers (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Beyond the relationship between -174G>C IL-6 polymorphism and body composition, this study provides first evidence about the association of IL-6 variant with fluid distribution, at baseline, and FM and bone density loss in obese subjects at 6 months follow-up after LAGB surgery. LAGB was less effective if the subjects were carrying risk genotypes, C(-) carriers, for obesity, suggesting a role of genetic variations on bariatric surgery outcomes.
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Curti MLR, Jacob P, Borges MC, Rogero MM, Ferreira SRG. Studies of gene variants related to inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, and obesity: implications for a nutrigenetic approach. J Obes 2011; 2011:497401. [PMID: 21773006 PMCID: PMC3136190 DOI: 10.1155/2011/497401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Revised: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is currently considered a serious public health issue due to its strong impact on health, economy, and quality of life. It is considered a chronic low-grade inflammation state and is directly involved in the genesis of metabolic disturbances, such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, which are well-known risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, there is evidence that genetic variation that predisposes to inflammation and metabolic disturbances could interact with environmental factors, such as diet, modulating individual susceptibility to developing these conditions. This paper aims to review the possible interactions between diet and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes implicated on the inflammatory response, lipoprotein metabolism, and oxidative status. Therefore, the impact of genetic variants of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-(PPAR-)gamma, tumor necrosis factor-(TNF-)alpha, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, apolipoprotein (Apo) A1, Apo A2, Apo A5, Apo E, glutathione peroxidases 1, 2, and 4, and selenoprotein P exposed to variations on diet composition is described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sandra Roberta G. Ferreira
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 715, 01246-904, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Amorim FG, Campagnaro BP, Tonini CL, Norbim APC, Louro ID, Vasquez EC, Arruda JA, Meyrelles SS. Association of interleukin-6 gene polymorphism with angina pectoris. Angiology 2011; 62:549-53. [PMID: 21421628 DOI: 10.1177/0003319711398862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the role of the -174G>C polymorphism of interleukin-6 (IL-6) as a predisposing factor to angina pectoris. Patients were separated into 2 groups: angina (N = 72) and nonangina (N = 71). There were no statistical differences between groups for all cardiovascular risk factors evaluated. The GG genotype frequency was 18% lower in the angina than in the non-angina group, whereas GC + CC was 18% higher in the angina group (P = .036). The frequency of G allele was 11% lower in the angina than in the nonangina group and C allele was 11% higher in the angina group (P = .043). Patients carrying the C allele showed a 2-fold increased risk for angina pectoris (P = .036). Our study demonstrates a high incidence of the -174G>C polymorphism of the IL-6 gene in patients with angina pectoris compared with those carrying the G allele, reinforcing the contribution of genetic factors to the symptoms of angina pectoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Gobbi Amorim
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos 1468, Vitoria, Espirito Santo, Brazil
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