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Shigesato S, Jin D, Osumi W, Taniguchi K, Komeda K, Asakuma M, Tomiyama H, Takai S, Lee SW. Mechanisms of polyglycolic acid sheet-induced abdominal wall adhesions in hamsters. Surg Today 2024:10.1007/s00595-024-02963-2. [PMID: 39540929 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-024-02963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/27/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE A hamster adhesion model was used to investigate the mechanism by which polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheets reinforce the surgical site through the acceleration of postoperative adhesion formation. METHODS After receiving electrocautery burns on the inside of the abdominal wall, the hamsters were divided into the PGA group (a PGA sheet was placed on the burned area) and a non-treated group (a PGA sheet was not placed). The degree of adhesion was evaluated at 3, 14, 28, and 56 days after burn injury, and the mRNA levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 at the surgical sites were measured. RESULTS Adhesion formation was observed 3 days after the burn injury in the non-treated group, but it decreased at 14, 28, and 56 days. On the other hand, a significant increase in adhesion formation was observed at 3 days in the PGA group relative to the non-treated group, with the increase continuing at 14 and 28 days. Significant increases in MPO, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 mRNA levels at the adhesion site were observed 3 days after the burn injury in both groups, with the increase continuing in the PGA group, but not in the non-treated group, at 14 and 28 days. CONCLUSIONS Acceleration of adhesion formation by PGA may be associated with upregulated MPO, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 mRNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Shigesato
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7 Daigaku-Machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Denan Jin
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7 Daigaku-Machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Wataru Osumi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Otsu City Hospital, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kohei Taniguchi
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Komeda
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Asakuma
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideki Tomiyama
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinji Takai
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7 Daigaku-Machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Sang-Woong Lee
- Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
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Sirovy M, Odlozilova S, Kotek J, Zajak J, Paral J. Current options for the prevention of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions. Asian J Surg 2023; 47:S1015-9584(23)01613-5. [PMID: 39492273 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Postoperative adhesions are the most common cause of morbidity after abdominal and pelvic surgery. The clinical manifestations of postoperative adhesions can manifest within a few weeks or even several years after the surgery. They result from peritoneal irritation caused by surgical trauma or intra-abdominal infection. Normal peritoneal healing relies on the balance between fibrin deposition and its degradation. In this paper-using information derived from the Medline, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases-we briefly summarize the pathogenesis of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions and various strategies for possible prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Sirovy
- University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Department of Military Surgery, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University Hospital and Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Sarka Odlozilova
- University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Department of Military Surgery, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University Hospital and Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Kotek
- University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Department of Military Surgery, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University Hospital and Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Zajak
- University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Department of Military Surgery, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University Hospital and Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Paral
- University of Defence, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Department of Military Surgery, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University Hospital and Charles University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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3
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İpek E, Aşıcı GSE, Kurt BK, Epikmen ET, Özsoy ŞY, Tunca R. Carbon monoxide (CO) derived from the CO-releasing molecule CORM-2 reduces peritoneal adhesion formation in a rat model. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:8483-8495. [PMID: 37639152 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08753-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although low-dose carbon monoxide (CO) administration has been shown to have an anti-fibrotic effect in various fibrotic diseases, its effects on peritoneal adhesion (PA), one of the postoperative complications, are not elucidated. In this study, the effect of CO-releasing tricarbonyldichlororuthenium (II) dimer (CORM-2) administration on the formation of PA and the underlying factors of its potential effect were investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS After the induction of PA, rats were divided into four groups with 8 rats in each group. The rats received either (i) dimethyl sulfoxide:saline solution (1:10) as a vehicle, (ii) 2.5 mg/kg CORM-2, (iii) 5 mg/kg CORM-2, or (iv) inactive (i) CORM (iCORM) intragastrically every day for a duration of 7 days. PA was not induced in rats (n = 8) designated as sham controls. Gross, histological, immunohistochemical and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of CORM-2 administration. Gross analysis showed that CORM-2 administration reduced PA formation compared to rats treated with vehicle. Histological and immunohistochemical examinations showed that increased collagen deposition, myofibroblast accumulation, microvessel density, and M1 macrophage count in the peritoneal fibrosis area of vehicle-treated rats decreased following CORM-2 treatments. PCR analyses showed that CORM-2 treatments decreased hypoxia-induced Hif1a, profibrotic Tgfb1, ECM components Col1a1 and Col3a1, collagen degradation suppressor Timp1, fibrinolysis inhibitor Serpine1, and pro-inflammatory Tnf mRNA expressions, while increasing the M2 macrophage marker Arg1 mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that CORM-2 administration reduces PA formation by affecting adhesiogenic processes such as pro-inflammatory response, fibrinolytic system, angiogenesis and fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah İpek
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.
| | - Gamze Sevri Ekren Aşıcı
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Büşra Kibar Kurt
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Erkmen Tuğrul Epikmen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Şule Yurdagül Özsoy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Recai Tunca
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
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4
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Liao J, Li X, Fan Y. Prevention strategies of postoperative adhesion in soft tissues by applying biomaterials: Based on the mechanisms of occurrence and development of adhesions. Bioact Mater 2023; 26:387-412. [PMID: 36969107 PMCID: PMC10030827 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Postoperative adhesion (POA) widely occurs in soft tissues and usually leads to chronic pain, dysfunction of adjacent organs and some acute complications, seriously reducing patients' quality of life and even being life-threatening. Except for adhesiolysis, there are few effective methods to release existing adhesion. However, it requires a second operation and inpatient care and usually triggers recurrent adhesion in a great incidence. Hence, preventing POA formation has been regarded as the most effective clinical strategy. Biomaterials have attracted great attention in preventing POA because they can act as both barriers and drug carriers. Nevertheless, even though much reported research has been demonstrated their efficacy on POA inhibition to a certain extent, thoroughly preventing POA formation is still challenging. Meanwhile, most biomaterials for POA prevention were designed based on limited experiences, not a solid theoretical basis, showing blindness. Hence, we aimed to provide guidance for designing anti-adhesion materials applied in different soft tissues based on the mechanisms of POA occurrence and development. We first classified the postoperative adhesions into four categories according to the different components of diverse adhesion tissues, and named them as "membranous adhesion", "vascular adhesion", "adhesive adhesion" and "scarred adhesion", respectively. Then, the process of the occurrence and development of POA were analyzed, and the main influencing factors in different stages were clarified. Further, we proposed seven strategies for POA prevention by using biomaterials according to these influencing factors. Meanwhile, the relevant practices were summarized according to the corresponding strategies and the future perspectives were analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liao
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
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5
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Belousov AM, Armashov VP, Shkarupa DD, Anushchenko TY, Filipenko TS, Zhukovskiy VA, Matveev NL. [Safety of mesh with fluoropolymer coating during intra-abdominal placement in large animals: results of the pilot study]. Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2023:43-58. [PMID: 36748870 DOI: 10.17116/hirurgia202302143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE When performing laparoscopic intraperitoneal hernioplasty (IPOM), endoprostheses made of fluoropolymers are often used. However, there is no data in the literature on the intra-abdominal use of inexpensive polyester prostheses with a fluoropolymer coating compared to composite implants. Thus, the aim of the pilot study was a preliminary assessment of the safety profile of FTOREX mesh endoprostheses during intra-abdominal placement in large animals. MATERIAL AND METHODS 6 endoprostheses were installed laparoscopically intraperitoneally in each of the 3 pigs: 1) FTOREX; 2) FTOREX with a layer of carboxymethylcellulose; 3) REPEREN-16-2; 4) SYMBOTEX; 5) VENTRALIGHT ST; 6) decellularized pork peritoneum. Fixation was performed with a herniator, transfascial sutures were not used. Relaparoscopy was performed after 45 days, and withdrawal from the experiment was performed after 90 days. Performance characteristics, signs of deformation and retraction, parameters of spike formation were evaluated. RESULTS All the animals survived, no complications were observed. There were no clinical manifestations or behavioral reactions indicating the presence of adhesions. The most convenient to use were the SYMBOTEX and FTOREX implants (5.0 points each). By the end of the experiment, deformation and retraction were noted in both variants of the FTOREX implants and the REPEREN prosthesis. These changes were completely absent only when using the SYMBOTEX endoprosthesis. According to the number of implants with adhesions, by the end of the observation, both variants of FTOREX prostheses occupied an intermediate position between the Reference (the worst indicator) and VENTRALIGHT ST (the best indicator). However, both FTOREX endoprostheses showed the best performance among all implants in the integral assessment of adhesions, as well as in terms of parameters such as the area and appearance of adhesions, and in terms of the strength of the joints, they were second only to the VENTRALIGHT ST endoprosthesis (0.67 vs. 0.5 points). During the study, there was no reliable dependence of deformation, retraction and adhesion formation indicators on the type of implant. CONCLUSION The results of the pilot study showed that all the implants used did not cause any clinically significant adverse reactions or complications. FTOREX endoprostheses with their intraperitoneal installation have anti-adhesive properties that are not inferior to VENTRALIGHT ST or SYMBOTEX composite implants. However, having less rigidity, they are more often deformed and subjected to retraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Belousov
- St. Petersburg University's, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - V P Armashov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - D D Shkarupa
- St. Petersburg University's, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | | | - N L Matveev
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Khodeneva N, Sugimoto MA, Davan-Wetton CSA, Montero-Melendez T. Melanocortin therapies to resolve fibroblast-mediated diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1084394. [PMID: 36793548 PMCID: PMC9922712 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1084394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stromal cells have emerged as central drivers in multiple and diverse diseases, and consequently, as potential new cellular targets for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. In this review we revise the main roles of fibroblasts, not only as structural cells but also as players and regulators of immune responses. Important aspects like fibroblast heterogeneity, functional specialization and cellular plasticity are also discussed as well as the implications that these aspects may have in disease and in the design of novel therapeutics. An extensive revision of the actions of fibroblasts on different conditions uncovers the existence of numerous diseases in which this cell type plays a pathogenic role, either due to an exacerbation of their 'structural' side, or a dysregulation of their 'immune side'. In both cases, opportunities for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches exist. In this regard, here we revise the existing evidence pointing at the melanocortin pathway as a potential new strategy for the treatment and management of diseases mediated by aberrantly activated fibroblasts, including scleroderma or rheumatoid arthritis. This evidence derives from studies involving models of in vitro primary fibroblasts, in vivo models of disease as well as ongoing human clinical trials. Melanocortin drugs, which are pro-resolving mediators, have shown ability to reduce collagen deposition, activation of myofibroblasts, reduction of pro-inflammatory mediators and reduced scar formation. Here we also discuss existing challenges, both in approaching fibroblasts as therapeutic targets, and in the development of novel melanocortin drug candidates, that may help advance the field and deliver new medicines for the management of diseases with high medical needs.
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7
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Ensan B, Bathaei P, Nassiri M, Khazaei M, Hassanian SM, Abdollahi A, Ghorbani HR, Aliakbarian M, Ferns GA, Avan A. The Therapeutic Potential of Targeting Key Signaling Pathways as a Novel Approach to Ameliorating Post-Surgical Adhesions. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:3592-3617. [PMID: 35466868 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220422090238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal adhesions (PA) are a common complication of abdominal operations. A growing body of evidence shows that inhibition of inflammation and fibrosis at sites of peritoneal damaging could prevent the development of intra-abdominal adhesions. METHODS A search of PubMed, Medline, CINAHL and Embase databases was performed using the keywords 'postsurgical adhesion', 'post-operative adhesion', 'peritoneal adhesion', 'surgery-induced adhesion' and 'abdominal adhesion'. Studies detailing the use of pharmacological and non-pharmacological agents for peritoneal adhesion prevention were identified, and their bibliographies were thoroughly reviewed to identify further related articles. RESULTS Several signaling pathways, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, tissue plasminogen activator, and type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor, macrophages, fibroblasts, and mesothelial cells play a key part in the development of plasminogen activator. Several therapeutic approaches based on anti-PA drug barriers and traditional herbal medicines have been developed to prevent and treat adhesion formation. In recent years, the most promising method to prevent PA is treatment using biomaterial-based barriers. CONCLUSION In this review, we provide an overview of the pathophysiology of adhesion formation and various agents targeting different pathways, including chemical agents, herbal agents, physical barriers, and clinical trials concerning this matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Ensan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parsa Bathaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Nassiri
- Recombinant Proteins Research Group, The Research Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas Abdollahi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Ghorbani
- Orology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Aliakbarian
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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8
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Hill MA, Walkowiak OA, Head WT, Kwon JH, Kavarana MN, Rajab TK. A review of animal models for post-operative pericardial adhesions. Front Surg 2022; 9:966410. [PMID: 36171819 PMCID: PMC9510625 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.966410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-operative pericardial adhesions remain a serious complication after cardiac surgery that can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Fibrous adhesions can destroy tissue planes leading to injury of surrounding vasculature, lengthening of operation time, and increased healthcare costs. While animal models are necessary for studying the formation and prevention of post-operative pericardial adhesions, a standardized animal model for inducing post-operative pericardial adhesions has not yet been established. In order to address this barrier to progress, an analysis of the literature on animal models for post-operative pericardial adhesions was performed. The animal model, method used to induce adhesions, and the time to allow development of adhesions were analyzed. Our analysis found that introduction of autologous blood into the pericardial cavity in addition to physical abrasion of the epicardium caused more severe adhesion formation in comparison to abrasion alone or abrasion with desiccation (vs. abrasion alone p = 0.0002; vs. abrasion and desiccation p = 0.0184). The most common time frame allowed for adhesion formation was 2 weeks, with the shortest time being 10 days and the longest being 12 months. Finally, we found that the difference in adhesion severity in all animal species was similar, suggesting the major determinants for the choice of model are animal size, animal cost, and the availability of research tools in the particular model. This survey of the literature provides a rational guide for researchers to select the appropriate adhesion induction modality, animal model, and time allowed for the development of adhesions.
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Holl M, Rasch ML, Becker L, Keller AL, Schultze-Rhonhof L, Ruoff F, Templin M, Keller S, Neis F, Keßler F, Andress J, Bachmann C, Krämer B, Schenke-Layland K, Brucker SY, Marzi J, Weiss M. Cell Type-Specific Anti-Adhesion Properties of Peritoneal Cell Treatment with Plasma-Activated Media (PAM). Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040927. [PMID: 35453677 PMCID: PMC9032174 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Postoperative abdominal adhesions are responsible for serious clinical disorders. Administration of plasma-activated media (PAM) to cell type-specific modulated proliferation and protein biosynthesis is a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent pathological cell responses in the context of wound healing disorders. We analyzed PAM as a therapeutic option based on cell type-specific anti-adhesive responses. Primary human peritoneal fibroblasts and mesothelial cells were isolated, characterized and exposed to different PAM dosages. Cell type-specific PAM effects on different cell components were identified by contact- and marker-independent Raman imaging, followed by thorough validation by specific molecular biological methods. The investigation revealed cell type-specific molecular responses after PAM treatment, including significant cell growth retardation in peritoneal fibroblasts due to transient DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. We identified a therapeutic dose window wherein specifically pro-adhesive peritoneal fibroblasts were targeted, whereas peritoneal mesothelial cells retained their anti-adhesive potential of epithelial wound closure. Finally, we demonstrate that PAM treatment of peritoneal fibroblasts reduced the expression and secretion of pro-adhesive cytokines and extracellular matrix proteins. Altogether, we provide insights into biochemical PAM mechanisms which lead to cell type-specific pro-therapeutic cell responses. This may open the door for the prevention of pro-adhesive clinical disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Holl
- Department of Women’s Health Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.-L.R.); (L.S.-R.); (F.N.); (F.K.); (J.A.); (C.B.); (B.K.); (S.Y.B.)
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (A.-L.K.); (F.R.); (M.T.); (S.K.); (K.S.-L.); (J.M.)
| | - Marie-Lena Rasch
- Department of Women’s Health Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.-L.R.); (L.S.-R.); (F.N.); (F.K.); (J.A.); (C.B.); (B.K.); (S.Y.B.)
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (A.-L.K.); (F.R.); (M.T.); (S.K.); (K.S.-L.); (J.M.)
| | - Lucas Becker
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Keller
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (A.-L.K.); (F.R.); (M.T.); (S.K.); (K.S.-L.); (J.M.)
| | - Laura Schultze-Rhonhof
- Department of Women’s Health Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.-L.R.); (L.S.-R.); (F.N.); (F.K.); (J.A.); (C.B.); (B.K.); (S.Y.B.)
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (A.-L.K.); (F.R.); (M.T.); (S.K.); (K.S.-L.); (J.M.)
| | - Felix Ruoff
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (A.-L.K.); (F.R.); (M.T.); (S.K.); (K.S.-L.); (J.M.)
| | - Markus Templin
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (A.-L.K.); (F.R.); (M.T.); (S.K.); (K.S.-L.); (J.M.)
| | - Silke Keller
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (A.-L.K.); (F.R.); (M.T.); (S.K.); (K.S.-L.); (J.M.)
| | - Felix Neis
- Department of Women’s Health Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.-L.R.); (L.S.-R.); (F.N.); (F.K.); (J.A.); (C.B.); (B.K.); (S.Y.B.)
| | - Franziska Keßler
- Department of Women’s Health Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.-L.R.); (L.S.-R.); (F.N.); (F.K.); (J.A.); (C.B.); (B.K.); (S.Y.B.)
| | - Jürgen Andress
- Department of Women’s Health Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.-L.R.); (L.S.-R.); (F.N.); (F.K.); (J.A.); (C.B.); (B.K.); (S.Y.B.)
| | - Cornelia Bachmann
- Department of Women’s Health Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.-L.R.); (L.S.-R.); (F.N.); (F.K.); (J.A.); (C.B.); (B.K.); (S.Y.B.)
| | - Bernhard Krämer
- Department of Women’s Health Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.-L.R.); (L.S.-R.); (F.N.); (F.K.); (J.A.); (C.B.); (B.K.); (S.Y.B.)
| | - Katja Schenke-Layland
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (A.-L.K.); (F.R.); (M.T.); (S.K.); (K.S.-L.); (J.M.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Medicine/Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Sara Y. Brucker
- Department of Women’s Health Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.-L.R.); (L.S.-R.); (F.N.); (F.K.); (J.A.); (C.B.); (B.K.); (S.Y.B.)
| | - Julia Marzi
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (A.-L.K.); (F.R.); (M.T.); (S.K.); (K.S.-L.); (J.M.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC 2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, Eberhard Karls University, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Weiss
- Department of Women’s Health Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (M.H.); (M.-L.R.); (L.S.-R.); (F.N.); (F.K.); (J.A.); (C.B.); (B.K.); (S.Y.B.)
- NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany; (A.-L.K.); (F.R.); (M.T.); (S.K.); (K.S.-L.); (J.M.)
- Correspondence:
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10
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Fuentes-Orozco C, Agredano-Jiménez R, Alvarez-Villaseñor AS, Mares-País R, Barbosa-Camacho FJ, Cortés-Flores AO, Reyes-Elizalde EA, Guzmán-Ramírez BG, Flores-Becerril P, Guzmán-Barba JA, Chejfec-Ciociano JM, Ibarrola-Peña JC, Brancaccio-Pérez IV, González-Ojeda A. Effects of Oral Zafirlukast, Sildenafil, or Pirfenidone on the Formation of Postsurgical Intra-abdominal Adhesions in an Experimental Rat Model. Eur Surg Res 2021; 63:145-154. [PMID: 34818645 DOI: 10.1159/000521036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intra-abdominal adhesions' main etiology is surgical procedures that commonly require reintervention. Oral treatments with Sildenafil, Zafirlukast, and Pirfenidone have yielded decreased severity of fibrotic phenomena secondary to the introduction of foreign material. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oral Zafirlukast, Sildenafil or Pirfenidone treatment on reducing or preventing intra-abdominal adhesions in an experimental rat model. METHODS Four groups, each of 10 male Wistar rats weighing 250-300 g, were used. A midline laparotomy was used to excise an area of 1.5´1.5cm and reconstructed with polypropylene mesh fixed to the abdominal wall. After 12 h, oral doses of Zafirlukast (1.25 mg/kg, group B), Sildenafil (15 mg/kg, group C), or Pirfenidone (500 mg/kg, group D) were given every day for eight days. The control group, A, received no treatment. At day nine, animals were reoperated. The implant was resected after ethically approved euthanasia and specimens were fixed in 10% formaldehyde for histopathology. RESULTS Control group A yielded adhesions with greater fibrovascular density and neighboring organ involvement than the other groups (P = 0.001), as well as intense inflammatory infiltrates and numerous granulomas (P = 0.04). Adhesions in group C had less fibrovascular density (P = 0.03) with decreased serosal injuries (P = 0.001) and less organ involvement. Group D had reduced adhesions without organ involvement (P < 0.01), and less inflammatory infiltrates, collagen fibers, and foreign body granulomas than groups B or C (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Oral administration of these agents did not prevent adhesions but ameliorated them. Oral Pirfenidone offered the best performance and could be recommended for human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clotilde Fuentes-Orozco
- Biomedical Research Unit 02, Western National Medical Center, Social Security Mexican Institute, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Ruben Agredano-Jiménez
- Biomedical Research Unit 02, Western National Medical Center, Social Security Mexican Institute, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | | | - Roberto Mares-País
- Biomedical Research Unit 02, Western National Medical Center, Social Security Mexican Institute, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | | | | | - Emilio Alberto Reyes-Elizalde
- Biomedical Research Unit 02, Western National Medical Center, Social Security Mexican Institute, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | | | - Paola Flores-Becerril
- Biomedical Research Unit 02, Western National Medical Center, Social Security Mexican Institute, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - José Aldo Guzmán-Barba
- Biomedical Research Unit 02, Western National Medical Center, Social Security Mexican Institute, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | | | - Juan Carlos Ibarrola-Peña
- Biomedical Research Unit 02, Western National Medical Center, Social Security Mexican Institute, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Irma Valeria Brancaccio-Pérez
- Biomedical Research Unit 02, Western National Medical Center, Social Security Mexican Institute, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Alejandro González-Ojeda
- Biomedical Research Unit 02, Western National Medical Center, Social Security Mexican Institute, Guadalajara, Mexico
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11
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Effect of intraperitoneal and systemic sirolimus administration on postoperative peritoneal adhesions in rats. JOURNAL OF BASIC AND CLINICAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.30621/jbachs.977476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effects of the Hydroethanolic Extract of Portulaca oleracea on Surgical-Induced Peritoneal Adhesion. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:8437753. [PMID: 34381307 PMCID: PMC8352699 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8437753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Peritoneal adhesion (PA) is an abnormal connective tissue that usually occurs between tissues adjacent to damaged organs during processes such as surgery. In this study, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Portulaca oleracea (PO) were investigated against postoperative-induced peritoneal adhesion. Methods Thirty healthy male Wistar rats (220 ± 20 g, 6-8 weeks) were randomly divided into four groups: (1) normal, (2) control (induced peritoneal adhesion), and (3) and (4) PO extracts (induced peritoneal adhesion and received 100 or 300 mg/kg/day of PO extract for seven days). Finally, macroscopic and microscopic examinations were performed using different scoring systems and immunoassays in the peritoneal lavage fluid. Results We found that the levels of adhesion scores and interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor- (TNF-) α, transforming growth factor- (TGF-) β 1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were increased in the control group. However, PO extract (100 and 300 mg/kg) notably reduced inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), fibrosis (TGF-β 1), angiogenesis (VEGF), and oxidative (MDA) factors, while increased anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, antioxidant factor glutathione (GSH), compared to the control group. Conclusion Oral administration of PO improved postoperational-induced PA by alleviating the oxidative factors, fibrosis, inflammatory cytokines, angiogenesis biomarkers, and stimulating antioxidative factors. Hence, PO can be considered a potential herbal medicine to manage postoperative PA. However, further clinical studies are required to approve the effectiveness of PO.
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13
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Fatehi Hassanabad A, Zarzycki AN, Jeon K, Deniset JF, Fedak PWM. Post-Operative Adhesions: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080867. [PMID: 34440071 PMCID: PMC8389678 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-surgical adhesions are common in almost all surgical areas and are associated with significant rates of morbidity, mortality, and increased healthcare costs, especially when a patient requires repeat operative interventions. Many groups have studied the mechanisms driving post-surgical adhesion formation. Despite continued advancements, we are yet to identify a prevailing mechanism. It is highly likely that post-operative adhesions have a multifactorial etiology. This complex pathophysiology, coupled with our incomplete understanding of the underlying pathways, has resulted in therapeutic options that have failed to demonstrate safety and efficacy on a consistent basis. The translation of findings from basic and preclinical research into robust clinical trials has also remained elusive. Herein, we present and contextualize the latest findings surrounding mechanisms that have been implicated in post-surgical adhesion formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Fatehi Hassanabad
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.F.D.)
| | - Anna N. Zarzycki
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.F.D.)
| | - Kristina Jeon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada;
| | - Justin F. Deniset
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.F.D.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Paul W. M. Fedak
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.F.D.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Fatehi Hassanabad A, Zarzycki AN, Jeon K, Dundas JA, Vasanthan V, Deniset JF, Fedak PWM. Prevention of Post-Operative Adhesions: A Comprehensive Review of Present and Emerging Strategies. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11071027. [PMID: 34356652 PMCID: PMC8301806 DOI: 10.3390/biom11071027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-operative adhesions affect patients undergoing all types of surgeries. They are associated with serious complications, including higher risk of morbidity and mortality. Given increased hospitalization, longer operative times, and longer length of hospital stay, post-surgical adhesions also pose a great financial burden. Although our knowledge of some of the underlying mechanisms driving adhesion formation has significantly improved over the past two decades, literature has yet to fully explain the pathogenesis and etiology of post-surgical adhesions. As a result, finding an ideal preventative strategy and leveraging appropriate tissue engineering strategies has proven to be difficult. Different products have been developed and enjoyed various levels of success along the translational tissue engineering research spectrum, but their clinical translation has been limited. Herein, we comprehensively review the agents and products that have been developed to mitigate post-operative adhesion formation. We also assess emerging strategies that aid in facilitating precision and personalized medicine to improve outcomes for patients and our healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Fatehi Hassanabad
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.A.D.); (V.V.); (J.F.D.)
| | - Anna N. Zarzycki
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.A.D.); (V.V.); (J.F.D.)
| | - Kristina Jeon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada;
| | - Jameson A. Dundas
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.A.D.); (V.V.); (J.F.D.)
| | - Vishnu Vasanthan
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.A.D.); (V.V.); (J.F.D.)
| | - Justin F. Deniset
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.A.D.); (V.V.); (J.F.D.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Paul W. M. Fedak
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 2N9, Canada; (A.F.H.); (A.N.Z.); (J.A.D.); (V.V.); (J.F.D.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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Abstract
The development of adhesions after gynecologic surgery is a severe problem with ramifications that go beyond the medical complications patients suffer (which most often include pain, obstruction and infertility), since they also impose a huge financial burden on the health care system and increase the workload of surgeons and all personnel involved in surgical follow-up care. Surgical techniques to avoid adhesion formation have not proven to be sufficient and pharmaceutical approaches for their prevention are even less effective, which means that the use of adhesion prevention devices is essential for achieving decent prophylaxis. This review explores the wide range of adhesion prevention products currently available on the market. Particular emphasis is put on prospective randomized controlled clinical trials that include second-look interventions, as these offer the most solid evidence of efficacy. We focused on adhesion scores, which are the most common way to quantify adhesion formation. This enables a direct comparison of the efficacies of different devices. While the greatest amount of data are available for oxidized regenerated cellulose, the outcomes with this adhesion barrier are mediocre and several studies have shown little efficacy. The best results have been achieved using adhesion barriers based on either modified starch, i.e., 4DryField® PH (PlantTec Medical GmbH, Lüneburg, Germany), or expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, i.e., GoreTex (W.L. Gore & Associates, Inc., Medical Products Division, Flagstaff, AZ), albeit the latter, as a non-resorbable barrier, has a huge disadvantage of having to be surgically removed again. Therefore, 4DryField® PH currently appears to be a promising approach and further studies are recommended.
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16
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Post-Surgical Peritoneal Scarring and Key Molecular Mechanisms. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050692. [PMID: 34063089 PMCID: PMC8147932 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-surgical adhesions are internal scar tissue and a major health and economic burden. Adhesions affect and involve the peritoneal lining of the abdominal cavity, which consists of a continuous mesothelial covering of the cavity wall and majority of internal organs. Our understanding of the full pathophysiology of adhesion formation is limited by the fact that the mechanisms regulating normal serosal repair and regeneration of the mesothelial layer are still being elucidated. Emerging evidence suggests that mesothelial cells do not simply form a passive barrier but perform a wide range of important regulatory functions including maintaining a healthy peritoneal homeostasis as well as orchestrating events leading to normal repair or pathological outcomes following injury. Here, we summarise recent advances in our understanding of serosal repair and adhesion formation with an emphasis on molecular mechanisms and novel gene expression signatures associated with these processes. We discuss changes in mesothelial biomolecular marker expression during peritoneal development, which may help, in part, to explain findings in adults from lineage tracing studies using experimental adhesion models. Lastly, we highlight examples of where local tissue specialisation may determine a particular response of peritoneal cells to injury.
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17
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Chandel AKS, Shimizu A, Hasegawa K, Ito T. Advancement of Biomaterial-Based Postoperative Adhesion Barriers. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2000395. [PMID: 33463888 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative peritoneal adhesion (PPA) is a prevalent incidence that generally happens during the healing process of traumatized tissues. It causes multiple severe complications such as intestinal obstruction, chronic abdominal pain, and female infertility. To prevent PPA, several antiadhesion materials and drug delivery systems composed of biomaterials are used clinically, and clinical antiadhesive is one of the important applications nowadays. In addition to several commercially available materials, like film, spray, injectable hydrogel, powder, or solution type have been energetically studied based on natural and synthetic biomaterials such as alginate, hyaluronan, cellulose, starch, chondroitin sulfate, polyethylene glycol, polylactic acid, etc. Moreover, many kinds of animal adhesion models, such as cecum abrasion models and unitary horn models, are developed to evaluate new materials' efficacy. A new animal adhesion model based on hepatectomy and conventional animal adhesion models is recently developed and a new adhesion barrier by this new model is also developed. In summary, many kinds of materials and animal models are studied; thus, it is quite important to overview this field's current progress. Here, PPA is reviewed in terms of the species of biomaterials and animal models and several problems to be solved to develop better antiadhesion materials in the future are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind K Singh Chandel
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shimizu
- Department of Surgery, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hasegawa
- Department of Surgery, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Taichi Ito
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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18
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Postoperative peritoneal adhesion: an update on physiopathology and novel traditional herbal and modern medical therapeutics. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 394:317-336. [PMID: 32979062 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01961-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative peritoneal adhesion (PPA) is a serious clinical condition that affects the high percentage of patients after abdominal surgery. In this review, we have tried to focus on pathophysiology and different underlying signal pathways of adhesion formation based on recent progress in the molecular and cellular mechanisms. Also, the strategies, developed based on traditional herbal and modern medicines, to prevent and treat the PPA via regulation of the molecular mechanisms were investigated. The search engines such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct have been used to evaluate the current literature related to the pathogenesis of adhesion formation and novel products. Recently, different mechanisms have been defined for adhesion formation, mainly categorized in fibrin formation and adhesion fibroblast function, inflammation, and angiogenesis. Therefore, the suppression of these mechanisms via traditional and modern medicine has been suggested in several studies. While different strategies with encouraging findings have been developed, most of the studies showed contradictory results and were performed on animals. The herbal products have been introduced as safe and effective agent which can be considered in future preclinical and clinical studies. Although a wide range of therapeutics based on traditional and modern medicines have been suggested, there is no agreement in the efficacy of these methods to prevent or treat adhesion formation after surgeries. Further basic and clinical researches are still needed to propose the efficiency of recommended strategies for prevention and treatment of PPA.
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19
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van Steensel S, Liu H, Vercoulen TF, Hadfoune M, Breukink SO, Stassen LP, Lenaerts K, Bouvy ND. Prevention of intra-abdominal adhesions by a hyaluronic acid gel; an experimental study in rats. J Biomater Appl 2020; 35:887-897. [PMID: 32878535 DOI: 10.1177/0885328220954188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 80% to 90% of the patients intra-abdominal adhesions occur after abdominal surgery, which can cause small-bowel obstruction, chronic abdominal pain, female infertility and difficulty during reoperation. A novel crosslinked hyaluronic acid gel is evaluated regarding its anti-adhesive capacities in an ischemic button model in rats. METHOD 51 adult, male Wistar rats from a registered breeder, received eight ischemic buttons each and were treated with hyaluronic acid gel (HA, HyaRegen©), hyaluronic acid carboxymethylcellulose (HA-CMC, Seprafilm©) or no anti-adhesive barrier. After 14 days, the animals were sacrificed and adhesions were scored macroscopically. The number of buttons and organs involved in adhesions were recorded. Per animal, one button with adhesions and one without adhesions was explanted for qPCR analysis. Mann-Whitney U, Fisher's exact and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used for data analysis. A p-value of 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Macroscopic evaluation of adhesion formation did not differ between the groups. The number of organs involved in adhesions in the HA gel group was significantly lower compared to HA-CMC (p = .041) and the control group (p = .012). A significantly, 1.36-fold higher clec10a (p = 0.25), 1.80-fold higher cd163 (p = 0.003) and 5.14-fold higher mmp1 expression (p = 0.028) was found in ischemic buttons with adhesions compared to buttons without adhesions. CONCLUSION HA gel application reduces the number of organs involved in adhesions in an ischemic button model, but no overall reduction in adhesion formation was encountered. Macrophage subtype 2 polarization and high mmp1 expression are associated with adhesion formation. Further investigation is needed in the exact pathophysiologic process of adhesion formation and the role of macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan van Steensel
- Maastricht Universitair Medisch Centrum+, Maastricht, Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hong Liu
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - M'hamed Hadfoune
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Kaatje Lenaerts
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Nicole D Bouvy
- Maastricht Universitair Medisch Centrum+, Maastricht, Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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20
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Comparison of a chymase inhibitor and hyaluronic acid/carboxymethylcellulose (Seprafilm) in a novel peritoneal adhesion model in rats. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211391. [PMID: 30682159 PMCID: PMC6347210 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adhesion formation that occurred after alkali-induced injury of the cecum was used as a novel adhesion model in rats, and it was compared with that of a common adhesion model after abrading the cecum. Using the novel adhesion model, inhibition of adhesion formation by a chymase inhibitor, Suc-Val-Pro-PheP(OPh)2, and by sodium hyaluronate/carboxymethylcellulose (Seprafilm) was evaluated, and their mechanisms were assessed. The degree of adhesion formation was more severe and more stable in the alkali-induced injury model than in the abrasion-induced injury model. Both the chymase inhibitor and Seprafilm showed significant attenuation of the degree of adhesion 14 days after alkali-induced injury. Chymase activity in the cecum was significantly increased after alkali-induced injury, but it was significantly attenuated by the chymase inhibitor and Seprafilm. Myeloperoxidase and transforming-growth factor (TGF)-β levels were significantly increased after alkali-induced injury, but they were attenuated by both the chymase inhibitor and Seprafilm. At the level of the adhesions, the numbers of both chymase-positive cells and TGF-β-positive cells were significantly increased, but their numbers were reduced by the chymase inhibitor and Seprafilm. In conclusion, a chymase inhibitor attenuated the degree of adhesions to the same degree as Seprafilm in a novel peritoneal adhesion model that was more severe and more stable than the common adhesion model, and not only the chymase inhibitor, but also Seprafilm reduced the chymase increase at the adhesions.
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21
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Tsai JM, Sinha R, Seita J, Fernhoff N, Christ S, Koopmans T, Krampitz GW, McKenna KM, Xing L, Sandholzer M, Sales JH, Shoham M, McCracken M, Joubert LM, Gordon SR, Poux N, Wernig G, Norton JA, Weissman IL, Rinkevich Y. Surgical adhesions in mice are derived from mesothelial cells and can be targeted by antibodies against mesothelial markers. Sci Transl Med 2018; 10:eaan6735. [PMID: 30487249 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan6735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Peritoneal adhesions are fibrous tissues that tether organs to one another or to the peritoneal wall and are a major cause of postsurgical and infectious morbidity. The primary molecular chain of events leading to the initiation of adhesions has been elusive, chiefly due to the lack of an identifiable cell of origin. Using clonal analysis and lineage tracing, we have identified injured surface mesothelium expressing podoplanin (PDPN) and mesothelin (MSLN) as a primary instigator of peritoneal adhesions after surgery in mice. We demonstrate that an anti-MSLN antibody diminished adhesion formation in a mouse model where adhesions were induced by surgical ligation to form ischemic buttons and subsequent surgical abrasion of the peritoneum. RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses of mouse mesothelial cells from injured mesothelium revealed aspects of the pathological mechanism of adhesion development and yielded several potential regulators of this process. Specifically, we show that PDPN+MSLN+ mesothelium responded to hypoxia by early up-regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α) that preceded adhesion development. Inhibition of HIF1α with small molecules ameliorated the injury program in damaged mesothelium and was sufficient to diminish adhesion severity in a mouse model. Analyses of human adhesion tissue suggested that similar surface markers and signaling pathways may contribute to surgical adhesions in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Tsai
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rahul Sinha
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jun Seita
- AI based Healthcare and Medical Data Analysis Standardization Unit, Medical Sciences Innovation Hub Program, RIKEN, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
| | - Nathaniel Fernhoff
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Simon Christ
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease,Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Tim Koopmans
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease,Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Geoffrey W Krampitz
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of General Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kelly M McKenna
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Liujing Xing
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael Sandholzer
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease,Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Jennifer Horatia Sales
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease,Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Maia Shoham
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Melissa McCracken
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lydia-Marie Joubert
- Cell Sciences Imaging Facility, Beckman Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sydney R Gordon
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nicolas Poux
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Gerlinde Wernig
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Norton
- Department of General Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Irving L Weissman
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Ludwig Center for Cancer Stem Cell Biology and Medicine at Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yuval Rinkevich
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease,Helmholtz Zentrum München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany.
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Tsauo J, Song HY, Choi EY, Kim DK, Kim KY, Park JH, Kim MT, Yoon SH, Lim YJ. EW-7197, an oral transforming growth factor β type I receptor kinase inhibitor, for preventing peritoneal adhesion formation in a rat model. Surgery 2018; 164:1100-1108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Wang B, Wen A, Feng C, Niu L, Xiao X, Luo L, Shen C, Zhu J, Lei J, Zhang X. The in vivo anti-fibrotic function of calcium sensitive receptor (CaSR) modulating poly(p-dioxanone-co-l-phenylalanine) prodrug. Acta Biomater 2018; 73:180-189. [PMID: 29660510 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In present study, the apoptosis induction and proliferation suppression effects of l-phenylalanine (l-Phe) on fibroblasts were confirmed. The action sites of l-Phe on fibroblasts suppression were deduced to be calcium sensitive receptor (CaSR) which could cause the release of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores; disruption of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis triggers cell apoptosis via the ER or mitochondrial pathways. The down-regulation of CaSR were observed after the application of l-Phe, and the results those l-Phe triggered the increasing of intracellular Ca2+ concentration and calcineurin expression, and then the apoptosis and increasing G1 fraction of fibroblasts have verified our deduction. Hence, l-Phe could be seen as a kind of anti-fibrotic drugs for the crucial participation of fibroblast in the occurrence of fibrosis. And then, poly(p-dioxanone-co-l-phenylalanine) (PDPA) which could prolong the in-vivo anti-fibrotic effect of l-Phe for the sustained release of l-Phe during its degradation could be treated as anti-fibrotic polymer prodrugs. Based on the above, the in vivo anti-fibrotic function of PDPA was evaluated in rabbit ear scarring, rat peritoneum lipopolysaccharide, and rat sidewall defect/cecum abrasion models. PDPA reduced skin scarring and suppressed peritoneal fibrosis and post operation adhesion as well as secretion of transforming growth factor-β1 in injured tissue. These results indicate that PDPA is an effective agent for preventing fibrosis following tissue injury. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE We have previously demonstrated that poly(p-dioxanone-co-l-phenylalanine) (PDPA) could induce apoptosis to fibroblast and deduced that the inhibitory effect comes from l-phenylalanine. In present study, the inhibition mechanism of l-phenylalanine on fibroblast proliferation was demonstrated. The calcium sensitive receptor (CaSR) was found to be the action site. The CaSR was downregulated after the application of l-phenylalanine, and then the ER Ca2+ stores were released. The released Ca2+ can simultaneously activate Ca2+/calcineurin and then trigger apoptosis and G1 arrest of fibroblast. Hence, l-phenylalanine could be seen as anti-fibrosis drug and PDPA which conjugate l-phenylalanine by hydrolytic covalent bonds could be seen as l-phenylalanine polymer prodrug. Based above, the in vivo anti-fibrotic function of PDPA were verified in three different animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging & Department of Chemistry, School of Preclinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
| | - Aiping Wen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Chengmin Feng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Lijing Niu
- Department of Pathology, School of Preclinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Le Luo
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging & Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Chengyi Shen
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging & Institute of Morphological Research, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
| | - Jiang Zhu
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging & Department of Chemistry, School of Preclinical Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jun Lei
- Department of Pharmacology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging & Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
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Karaca G, Pehlivanli F, Aydin O, Altunkaya C, Uzun H, Niyaz M, Özden H, Bulut H. The effect of mesenchymal stem cell use on intra-abdominal adhesions in a rat model. Ann Surg Treat Res 2018; 94:57-62. [PMID: 29441333 PMCID: PMC5801328 DOI: 10.4174/astr.2018.94.2.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Intra-abdominal adhesions (IAA) are among the most frequently seen pathologies in general surgery practice with an increased morbidity and mortality. In the present study, we investigated the effect of locally applied mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on IAA. Methods Twenty-four Wistar Albino rats were used in the study. The rats were divided into three groups including: Sham, control, and MSCs group. On day 0, cecum was reached under anesthesia in all groups, except the Sham group. Scraping with a sponge was performed until petechial bleeding occurred. The control group received no treatment. In the stem cell group, MSCs were applied topically immediately after surgery on adhesions. The rats were sacrificed on day 10 and colon tissues and blood samples were collected for macroscopic, histopathological, and biochemical analysis. Results In our study, E-selectin, P-selectin, TNF-α and IL-1 levels were statistically significantly lower in the MSC group than the control group, while the sham group has the lowest levels. In both the macroscopic and histopathological analyses (Zühlke's scale), the least amount of adhesion was observed in the Sham group. In addition, although there was less adhesion in the MSC group than the control group, the difference did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion Topical MSC application immediately after surgery suppresses the inflammatory process. However it was found to be ineffective in histopathological and macroscopic examinations performed on the 10th day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Karaca
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Faruk Pehlivanli
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Oktay Aydin
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Canan Altunkaya
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Hafize Uzun
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Niyaz
- Department of General Surgery, Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Özden
- Department of General Surgery, Alaca State Hospital, Çorum, Turkey
| | - Huri Bulut
- Department of Biochemistry, Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
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25
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Micha AE, Psarras K, Ouroumidis O, Siska E, Vlachaki E, Lymperopoulos A, Symeonidis N, Nikolaidou C, Venizelos I, Koliakos G, Pavlidis TE. A Time Course of Bevacizumab (Anti-VEGF) Effect on Rat Peritoneum: Relations Between Antiadhesive Action and Fibrin Regulation Enzymes. Surg Innov 2017; 24:543-551. [PMID: 28877644 DOI: 10.1177/1553350617729510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the early and late antiadhesive effect and any changes of fibrin matrix regulation enzymes on rat peritoneum, after local administration of bevacizumab. METHODS Rats were subjected to cecal abrasion. Bevacizumab (5 mg/kg) against placebo was given intraperitoneally. On the 2nd, 14th, and 28th postoperative days adhesions were scored, and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), degree of fibrosis, and angiogenesis were measured in abrased cecum and in intact parietal peritoneum. RESULTS Bevacizumab significantly reduced adhesions up to 15% on the 2nd, 52.5% on the 14th, and 55% on the 28th postoperative day, and significantly increased tPA concentrations in peritoneum. PAI-1 was decreased, and a significantly higher tPA/PAI-1 ratio along with an increase of MMP-9 was measured at all time points. Fibrosis and angiogenesis were significantly lower on the 14th and 28th postoperative days. CONCLUSIONS Local bevacizumab administration has a strong early and late antiadhesive action on rat peritoneum, mediated by changes in the tPA/PAI-1 and MMP balance in favor of fibrinolysis up to 28 days after operations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Evangelia Siska
- 1 Aristotle University School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | - George Koliakos
- 1 Aristotle University School of Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Lutsevich OE, Akimov VP, Shirinsky VG, Bichev AA. [Adhesive disease of the peritoneum: modern view at pathogenesis and treatment]. Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2017:100-108. [PMID: 29076493 DOI: 10.17116/hirurgia201710100-108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O E Lutsevich
- Eudokimov's Moscow Medical-Stomatological University, Moscow, Russia
| | - V P Akimov
- Mechnikov's North-West State Medical Unversity, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - V G Shirinsky
- Eudokimov's Moscow Medical-Stomatological University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A A Bichev
- Eudokimov's Moscow Medical-Stomatological University, Moscow, Russia
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27
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Mutsaers SE, Prêle CMA, Pengelly S, Herrick SE. Mesothelial cells and peritoneal homeostasis. Fertil Steril 2017; 106:1018-1024. [PMID: 27692285 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mesothelium was traditionally thought to be a simple tissue with the sole function of providing a slippery, nonadhesive, and protective surface to allow easy movement of organs within their body cavities. However, our knowledge of mesothelial cell physiology is rapidly expanding, and the mesothelium is now recognized as a dynamic cellular membrane with many other important functions. When injured, mesothelial cells initiate a cascade of processes leading either to complete regeneration of the mesothelium or the development of pathologies such as adhesions. Normal mesothelial healing is unique in that, unlike with other epithelial-like surfaces, healing appears diffusely across the denuded surface, whereas for epithelium healing occurs solely at the wound edges. This is because of a free-floating population of mesothelial cells which attach to the injured serosa. Taking advantage of this phenomenon, intraperitoneal injections of mesothelial cells have been assessed for their ability to prevent adhesion formation. This review discusses some of the functions of mesothelial cells regarding maintenance of serosal integrity and outlines the mechanisms involved in mesothelial healing. In addition, the pathogenesis of adhesion formation is discussed with particular attention to the potential role of mesothelial cells in both preventing and inducing their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Eugene Mutsaers
- Institute for Respiratory Health, Centre for Respiratory Health, and Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia and Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Cecilia Marie-Antoinette Prêle
- Institute for Respiratory Health, Centre for Respiratory Health, and Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia and Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Steven Pengelly
- Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Elizabeth Herrick
- Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Makay O, Isik D, Erol V, Yenisey C, Kose T, Icoz G, Ertan Y, Ozutemiz O, Akyildiz M. Efficacy of simvastatin in reducing postoperative adhesions after thyroidectomy: an experimental study. Acta Chir Belg 2017; 117:77-83. [PMID: 27735220 DOI: 10.1080/00015458.2016.1242292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate whether simvastatin had any impact on the prevention of adhesion formation after thyroidectomy in a rat model. METHODS This study was performed in 66 Wistar albino rats randomized into three experimental groups. A right hemithyroidectomy was carried out in all the rats. Simvastatin was administered locally at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg and 0.8 mg/kg. Control rats received a saline solution only. Changes during the 1st week, 1st month and 3rd month were evaluated. Efficacy of the treatment was assessed by using a scoring system. RESULTS The severity of adhesions in low-dose simvastatin group was significantly less than the control and high-dose groups during the 1st and 3rd month (p < .05). In addition, adhesions were less in the high dose group during the 3rd month, when compared to the control group (p < .05). Moreover, fibrosis and fibroblast scores, which represent adhesions, were significantly lower in low-dose and high-dose groups at 3rd month, compared to controls (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS We investigated the influence of simvastatin application on post-thyroidectomy adhesion formation in rats. Whether adhesions, causing technical difficulties during neck redo surgery, can be reduced by the use of simvastatin in human, needs to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozer Makay
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Dilek Isik
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Varlik Erol
- Department of General Surgery, Zubeyde Hanim Practice and Research Center, Baskent University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cigdem Yenisey
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Timur Kose
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Icoz
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yesim Ertan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Omer Ozutemiz
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mahir Akyildiz
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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Takai S, Yoshino M, Takao K, Yoshikawa K, Jin D. Periostin antisense oligonucleotide prevents adhesion formation after surgery in mice. J Pharmacol Sci 2017; 133:65-69. [PMID: 28238645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
To study the role of periostin in adhesion formation, the effect of periostin antisense oligonucleotide (PAO) on adhesion formation was evaluated in mice. Under anesthesia, the serous membrane of the cecum was abraded, and the adhesion score and mRNA levels of periostin and its related factors were determined after surgery. Saline, 40 mg/kg of negative sense oligonucleotide (NSO), or 40 mg/kg of PAO were injected into the abdomen after surgery, and the adhesion score and mRNA levels were evaluated 14 days later. Filmy adhesion formation was observed 1 day after surgery, and the adhesion score increased gradually to 14 days. The mRNA levels of periostin, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, and collagen I increased gradually from 3 days to 14 days. The adhesion score of PAO was significantly lower than of saline or NSO 14 days after surgery. The mRNA levels of periostin, TGF-β, and collagen I were also significantly attenuated by treatment with PAO compared with saline or NSO. Thus, these results demonstrated that the periostin mRNA level increased in the abraded cecum, and PAO prevented adhesion formation along with attenuation of the periostin mRNA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Takai
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Osaka Medical College Graduate School of Medicine, Takatsuki, Japan.
| | | | | | | | - Denan Jin
- Department of Innovative Medicine, Osaka Medical College Graduate School of Medicine, Takatsuki, Japan
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Chegini N, Rong H, Bennett B, Stone IK. Peritoneal Fluid Cytokine and Eicosanoid Levels and Their Relation to the Incidence of Peritoneal Adhesion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/107155769900600307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Chegini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Institute for Wound Research, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | | | | | - I. Keith Stone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Institute for Wound Research, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
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Zhu L, Zhang YQ. Postoperative anti-adhesion ability of a novel carboxymethyl chitosan from silkworm pupa in a rat cecal abrasion model. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 61:387-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.12.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Beyene RT, Kavalukas SL, Barbul A. Intra-abdominal adhesions: Anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology, and treatment. Curr Probl Surg 2015; 52:271-319. [PMID: 26258583 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Inagaki NF, Inagaki FF, Kokudo N, Miyajima A. Cell-based therapy for preventing postoperative adhesion and promoting regeneration after hepatectomy. JOURNAL OF HEPATO-BILIARY-PANCREATIC SCIENCES 2015; 22:524-30. [PMID: 25877017 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Postoperative adhesion is a critical clinical issue after almost all abdominal or pelvic surgeries including liver surgery. Postoperative adhesion causes several complications, such as small bowel obstruction and chronic abdominal pain. Furthermore, it makes reoperation much more difficult, leading to increased mortality and morbidity rate. Postoperative adhesion is particularly problematic for repeated hepatectomy, since hepatic malignant neoplasm recurs frequently and repeated hepatectomy is widely used as one of the most curative treatments. Several treatments to reduce postoperative adhesion have been developed, which include laparoscopic surgery, administration of pharmacological agents and use of prophylactic barrier materials. However, none of them are optimal. We have proposed a novel treatment using a cell sheet of fetal liver mesothelial cells (FL-MCs) to prevent postoperative adhesion in a novel mouse model. Besides adhesion, repeated hepatectomy has another serious problem; although the liver has a remarkable ability to regenerate, the recovery of liver mass and function of the remnant liver after multiple repeated hepatectomy is limited. The FL-MC cell sheet enhances proliferation of hepatocytes after hepatectomy by providing growth factors for hepatocytes. Thus the FL-MC sheet could simultaneously solve the two problems associated with repeated hepatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuko F Inagaki
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Fuyuki F Inagaki
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Artificial Organ and Transplantation Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kokudo
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Artificial Organ and Transplantation Division, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyajima
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan.
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Warembourg S, Huberlant S, Garric X, Leprince S, de Tayrac R, Letouzey V. Prévention et traitement des synéchies endo-utérines : revue de la littérature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 44:366-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2014.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Poehnert D, Abbas M, Kreipe HH, Klempnauer J, Winny M. High reproducibility of adhesion formation in rat with meso-stitch approximation of injured cecum and abdominal wall. Int J Med Sci 2015; 12:1-6. [PMID: 25552912 PMCID: PMC4278869 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.8870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peritoneal adhesions following surgery are a common, serious pathology with severe complications. Appropriate animal adhesion models are essential for the assessment of adhesion preventing medical devices. This study introduces a variation of an established rat model in which highest degree adhesions are induced with excellent reproducibility (OPAM=optimized peritoneal adhesion model). Thus, this model seems to be eligible to study effects of adhesion preventing devices. METHODS 24 Lewis male rats were divided into four groups (OPAM, WSFX, sham-OPAM, sham-WSFX). The OPAM technique comprised cecal abrasion, creation of an abdominal wall defect plus approximation of injured areas by a suture, which was compared to a setting of lesions without suture fixation (WSFX). All rats were sacrificed at day 7. Macroscopic and histopathological evaluations were performed. RESULTS were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Dunnett's test. RESULTS In OPAM rats macroscopic analyses revealed a 90% incidence adhesion of cecum to the abdominal wall, all adhesions imposing as complete agglutination. In WSFX animals incidence of adhesions formation was 75%, while in both sham groups there were no adhesions at all. Histology showed the structure of adhesions with merged smooth muscle of colon and skeletal muscle of abdominal wall in all cases. CONCLUSION OPAM technique provides adhesions of injured areas with a better probability than with conventional methods. All OPAM adhesions impressed as highest degree adhesions, i.e. agglutination. Due to high reproducibility in incidence and extend of adhesion formation, the OPAM is recommended for testing of adhesion prevention medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Poehnert
- 1. Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Abbas
- 2. Department of Pathology, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Juergen Klempnauer
- 1. Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Markus Winny
- 1. Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
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Türkoğlu A, Gül M, Yuksel HK, Alabalik U, Ülger BV, Uslukaya O, Avci Y. Effect of intraperitoneal curcumin instillation on postoperative peritoneal adhesions. Med Princ Pract 2015; 24:153-8. [PMID: 25504140 PMCID: PMC5588192 DOI: 10.1159/000369020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the effect of curcumin on adhesion formation in a rat cecum abrasion model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty Wistar rats were randomized into three groups; the control group received saline, the curcumin group received 10 mg/kg of curcumin after cecal abrasion, and in the sham group the abdominal wall was closed without any abrasion to the cecum. On day 15, adhesions were assessed blindly using a standardized scale, and histopathological samples were taken and examined. RESULTS There were no incisional hernias or wound dehiscences in any animals of the three groups. A comparison of adhesion scores showed a significant difference between the curcumin (median = 1) and the control group (median = 2; p < 0.05). The grade of inflammation of the curcumin (median = 1) and the sham (median = 0) group was significantly lower than that of the control group (median = 3; p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Hydroxyproline levels were significantly lower in the sham (48.3 ± 11.8 µg/mg) and the curcumin (63.8 ± 13.9 µg/mg) group compared to the control group (85.7 ± 22.1 µg/mg; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION These data suggest that curcumin, administered intraperitoneally, was effective in the prevention of peritoneal adhesion formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Türkoğlu
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
- * Assist. Prof. Ahmet Türkoğlu, MD, Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, TR-21280 Diyarbakır (Turkey), E-Mail
| | - Mesut Gül
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Hatice Kurt Yuksel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Ulas Alabalik
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Burak Veli Ülger
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Omer Uslukaya
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Yahya Avci
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
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Du MH, Luo HM, Tian YJ, Zhang LJ, Zhao ZK, Lv Y, Xu RJ, Hu S. Electroacupuncture ST36 prevents postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions formation. J Surg Res 2014; 195:89-98. [PMID: 25619463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have recently proved electroacupuncture (EA) ST36 exerted an anti-inflammatory effect in the early phase of intra-abdominal adhesion formation. Evidences indicate that the anti-inflammatory effect of EA ST36 involves a cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway-dependent mechanism via the vagus nerve. However, the exact effects and accurate vagal modulation of acupuncture in prevention of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion formation has not been thoroughly evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to abdominal adhesion lesions operation at the cecum and abdominal wall were randomly divided into six groups as follows: (a) EAN: EA non-channel acupoints; (b) EA: EA ST36 after abdominal lesions; (c) VGX/EA: vagotomy (VGX) after abdominal lesions, then EA ST36; (d) VGX/EAN: VGX after abdominal lesions, then EAN; (e) α-BGT/EA: intraperitoneal injection of α-bungarotoxin (α-BGT, an antagonist of α7 subunit of cholinergic nicotinic receptor) before EA ST36, and (f) α-BGT/EAN group: α-BGT injection before EAN. Seven days after abdominal surgical lesions, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the adhesive tissue were evaluated, macroscopic observation and histopathologic evaluation of adhesion formation and assessment of angiogenesis by immunohistochemical staining of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) were performed. RESULTS EA ST36 reduced TNF-α and VEGF levels in adhesive tissue homogenates 7 d after surgery, whereas vagotomy or intraperitoneal injection of α-BGT before EA ST36 reversed its suppressive effects. EA at non-channel acupoints with or without vagotomy or intraperitoneal injection of α-BGT before EA had no suppressive effects on TNF-α and VEGF levels. EA ST36 alleviated the adhesion formation, with both of macroscopic and histopathologic adhesion scores significantly lower than those of the EAN group (1.56 ± 0.29 versus 3.00 ± 0.82, 1.35 ± 0.4 versus 3.91 ± 0.8, respectively, both P < 0.05). Compared with the EAN group, EA ST36 significantly decreased angiogenesis evidenced by reduced CD31 positive microvessel density in adhesive tissue. CONCLUSIONS EA ST36 might reduce the postoperative local inflammatory response, attenuate the angiogenesis, and alleviate the adhesion formation partly via activating the cholinergic anti-inflammatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hua Du
- Research Laboratory of Shock and Multiple Organ Dysfunction, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Min Luo
- Research Laboratory of Shock and Multiple Organ Dysfunction, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Burns, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Jun Tian
- Research Laboratory of Shock and Multiple Organ Dysfunction, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Jian Zhang
- Research Laboratory of Shock and Multiple Organ Dysfunction, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zeng-Kai Zhao
- Research Laboratory of Shock and Multiple Organ Dysfunction, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Lv
- Research Laboratory of Shock and Multiple Organ Dysfunction, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui-Jiang Xu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Sen Hu
- Research Laboratory of Shock and Multiple Organ Dysfunction, Burns Institute, First Hospital Affiliated to the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Rajab TK, Kimonis KO, Ali E, Offodile AC, Brady M, Bleday R. Practical implications of postoperative adhesions for preoperative consent and operative technique. Int J Surg 2013; 11:753-6. [PMID: 23962663 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2013.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Adhesions complicate most intra-peritoneal operations. Once adhesions have formed, patients are at life-long risk for complications that include small bowel obstruction, increased risks during subsequent operations and female infertility. This has two implications for the daily work of surgeons. On the one hand, surgeons need to include the risks from adhesions during pre-operative consent. On the other hand, surgeons need to use operative techniques that minimize adhesions. Therefore this review focuses on the practical implications of adhesions for preoperative consent and operative technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taufiek Konrad Rajab
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Falk P, Angenete E, Bergström M, Ivarsson ML. TGF-β1 promotes transition of mesothelial cells into fibroblast phenotype in response to peritoneal injury in a cell culture model. Int J Surg 2013; 11:977-82. [PMID: 23796443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2013.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peritoneal adhesions are a clinical problem. A key to the understanding of peritoneal adhesions is to study the healing of mesothelial cells within the peritoneal cavity following surgery. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-βs) affects this healing process. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different concentrations of TGF-β1 on the healing rate and healing properties of mesothelial cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human mesothelial cells from peritoneal fluid were collected, cultured and a mechanical wound was created. The restoration of the mesothelial surface with and without increasing concentrations of TGF-β1 was monitored. RESULTS The denuded area was restored within 24 h. The healing rate was most extensive between the first and second hour after the damage (61.9 ± 22.8 μm/h). No significant difference in healing rate were observed when increasing levels of TGF-β1 were used. However, higher concentrations of TGF-β1 increased cell size and the cells presented more fibroblast specific properties. Lower TGF-β1 concentrations increased the number of proliferating cells. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates the importance of high levels TGF-β1 in mesothelial cell healing, mainly by changing the actual healing properties of the cells. Elevated levels of TGF-β1 might promote mesothelial cell transition towards a more fibroblast-like appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Falk
- Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Fibrinolysis laboratory/Tissue Centre, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, SE-416 85 Göteborg, Sweden
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Rajab TK, Smaxwil L, Wallwiener M. Animal Model for Local Pharmacotherapy in Adhesion Prophylaxis—A Proof of Concept. J INVEST SURG 2013; 26:200-3. [DOI: 10.3109/08941939.2012.741657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Effects of tamoxifen citrate on postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion in a rat model. Int J Surg 2013; 11:68-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2012.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Dayton MT, Dempsey DT, Larson GM, Posner AR. New paradigms in the treatment of small bowel obstruction. Curr Probl Surg 2012; 49:642-717. [PMID: 23057861 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpsurg.2012.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Merril T Dayton
- Department of Surgery, SUNY Buffalo, Kaleida Health System, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Mettler L, Schollmeyer T, Alkatout I. Adhesions during and after Surgical Procedures, their Prevention and Impact on Women'S Health. WOMENS HEALTH 2012; 8:495-8. [DOI: 10.2217/whe.12.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Liselotte Mettler
- Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller Strasse 3, House 24, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Thoralf Schollmeyer
- Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller Strasse 3, House 24, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Alkatout
- Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, University Hospitals Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Arnold-Heller Strasse 3, House 24, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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Peyton CC, Keys T, Tomblyn S, Burmeister D, Beumer JH, Holleran JL, Sirintrapun J, Washburn S, Hodges SJ. Halofuginone infused keratin hydrogel attenuates adhesions in a rodent cecal abrasion model. J Surg Res 2012; 178:545-52. [PMID: 22901798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative adhesion formation continues to be a significant surgical complication, and methods for preventing abdominopelvic adhesions remain limited. Halofuginone (HF) is a type-1 collagen synthesis inhibitor and may enhance the effects of a physical barrier in preventing adhesion formation. We evaluated the effectiveness of a HF infused keratin hydrogel on preventing adhesions in a rat cecal abrasion model. MATERIAL AND METHODS Laparotomy and standardized cecal abrasion was performed on 58 retired-breeder Sprague Dawley female rats to induce intra-abdominal adhesions. Rats were randomized to: no treatment; Interceed absorbable adhesion barrier; keratin hydrogel alone; or keratin hydrogel infused with 22 μg/mL of HF. Necropsies were performed at postop d-14 to assess the extent and tenacity of adhesions and grade histologic inflammation and fibrosis using a standard scoring system. Serum, liver, kidneys, and lungs were harvested to evaluate tissue HF concentrations. Protein and drug elution curves were generated to assess the release of HF from the hydrogel. RESULTS Treatment with Keratin-HF hydrogel resulted in significantly fewer abdominal adhesions than any other treatment, and significantly less dense adhesions compared with Interceed or keratin hydrogel alone. Subset histologic analysis did not reveal qualitative differences. HF was undetectable in serum and kidneys, and detected at negligible concentrations in liver and lungs. Keratin-HF hydrogel drug release in phosphate-buffered solution (PBS) was sustained over 7 d and correlated with keratin protein degradation. CONCLUSIONS Keratin-HF hydrogel is a novel therapeutic agent that may provide a better method for preventing the development of postoperative adhesions using a combined physical barrier and pharmacologic approached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles C Peyton
- Department of Urology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA.
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Brochhausen C, Schmitt VH, Rajab TK, Planck CNE, Krämer B, Tapprich C, Wallwiener M, Hierlemann H, Planck H, Kirkpatrick CJ. Mesothelial morphology and organisation after peritoneal treatment with solid and liquid adhesion barriers--a scanning electron microscopical study. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2012; 23:1931-1939. [PMID: 22573064 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-012-4659-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Separation of traumatized tissue represents the only promising strategy in postoperative adhesion prevention, a relevant clinical problem after surgical intervention. In the present study scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and subsequent morphometry were used to analyse the tissue response to five commercial adhesion barriers. Standardised peritoneal lesions in Wistar rats were covered with solid and viscous barrier materials and semiquantitatively analysed 14 days postoperatively. Striking morphological differences in lesion surface organisation between the barrier groups became apparent with colonisation of the barrier by mesothelial cells to different degrees. Furthermore, the mesothelial cells showed either a normal or activated phenotype depending on the underlying biomaterial. These experiments demonstrate that the examination by SEM gives useful insights into the performance of barrier materials and the cellular processes of adhesion prevention, since mesothelial cells play an active role in the pathogenesis of adhesion formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Brochhausen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
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Takai S, Jin D, Miyazaki M. Multiple Mechanisms for the Action of Chymase Inhibitors. J Pharmacol Sci 2012; 118:311-6. [DOI: 10.1254/jphs.11r11cp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Atta HM. Prevention of peritoneal adhesions: a promising role for gene therapy. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17:5049-58. [PMID: 22171139 PMCID: PMC3235588 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i46.5049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2011] [Revised: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adhesions are the most frequent complication of abdominopelvic surgery, yet the extent of the problem, and its serious consequences, has not been adequately recognized. Adhesions evolved as a life-saving mechanism to limit the spread of intraperitoneal inflammatory conditions. Three different pathophysiological mechanisms can independently trigger adhesion formation. Mesothelial cell injury and loss during operations, tissue hypoxia and inflammation each promotes adhesion formation separately, and potentiate the effect of each other. Studies have repeatedly demonstrated that interruption of a single pathway does not completely prevent adhesion formation. This review summarizes the pathogenesis of adhesion formation and the results of single gene therapy interventions. It explores the promising role of combinatorial gene therapy and vector modifications for the prevention of adhesion formation in order to stimulate new ideas and encourage rapid advancements in this field.
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Hirschelmann A, Tchartchian G, Wallwiener M, Hackethal A, De Wilde RL. A review of the problematic adhesion prophylaxis in gynaecological surgery. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2011; 285:1089-97. [PMID: 22037682 PMCID: PMC3303068 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-011-2097-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Adhesions lead to considerable patient morbidity and are a mounting burden on surgeons and the health care system alike. Although adhesion formation is the most frequent complication in abdominal and pelvic surgery, many surgeons are still not aware of the extent of the problem. To provide the best care for their patients, surgeons should consistently inform themselves of anti-adhesion strategies and include these methods in their daily routine. Methods Searches were conducted in PubMed and The Cochrane Library to identify relevant literature. Findings Various complications are associated with adhesion formation, including small bowel obstruction, infertility and chronic pelvic pain. Increasingly, an understanding of adhesion formation as a complex process influenced by many different factors has led to various conceivable anti-adhesion strategies. At present, a number of different anti-adhesion agents are available. Although some agents have proved effective in reducing adhesion formation in randomised controlled trials, none of them can completely prevent adhesion formation. Conclusion To fulfil our duty to provide best possible care for our patients, it is now time to regard adhesions as the most common complication in surgery. Further research is needed to fully understand adhesion formation and to develop new strategies for adhesion prevention. Large clinical efficacy trials of anti-adhesion agents will make it easier for surgeons to decide which agent to use in daily routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Hirschelmann
- Pius-Hospital, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Georgstraße 12, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Garri Tchartchian
- Klinik für Minimal Invasive Chirurgie, Kurstraße 11, 14129 Berlin-Zehlendorf, Germany
| | - Markus Wallwiener
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Voßstraße 9, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Hackethal
- Giessen School of Endoscopic Surgery, Klinikstraße 32, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Rudy Leon De Wilde
- Pius-Hospital, Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Georgstraße 12, 26121 Oldenburg, Germany
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