Artificial intelligence in gastrointestinal cancer: Recent advances and future perspectives

Figure 1 Clinical research using artificial intelligence in gastrointestinal cancer. Deep learning based on convolutional neural networks showing the input layer with raw data of the image, such as endoscopic, pathological, and radiological images, the hidden layer with a series of convolutions computed for each layer and the classification of the image, the prediction of malignant potentials, and the segmentation of tumor in the output layer.