Ophthalmic adverse drug reactions: A nationwide detection using hospital databases

Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of study population

Characteristic	Value
Number of episodes (inpatient, ambulatory)	11944725
Mean age (yr, mean ± SD)	48 ± 27
Female gender n (%)	6598266 (55.2)
District with higher number of hospitalizations	1st: Lisbon 21.2%
	2nd: Oporto 17.2%
	3rd: Setubal 7.66%
Mean hospital length-of-stay for inpatients (d, mean ± SD)	7.1 ± 3.21
Number of probable ophthalmic ADRs	1524

ADRs: Adverse drug reactions.

Table 2 Clinical codes searched and respective results in the portuguese database

ICD-9-CM code	Diagnosis	No. of episodes
Specific ophthalmic ADR codes
362.55	Toxic maculopathy	1388
365.03	Steroid responders	4
365.31, 365.32	Corticosteroid-induced glaucoma	0
364.55	Miotic pupillary cyst (provoked by pilocarpine)	2
364.81	Floppy iris syndrome	2
366.45	Toxic cataract	83
367.89	Other drug-induced disorders of refraction and accommodation, Toxic disorders of refraction and accommodation	25
377.34	Toxic optic neuropathy, Toxic amblyopia	20
Possible signs of ophthalmic ADRs
366.46	Cataract associated with radiation and other physical influences	10
372.54	Conjunctival concretions	67
372.55	Conjunctival pigmentations, including conjunctival argyrosis
372.56	Conjunctival deposits
368.55	Acquired color vision deficiencies	23
368.59	Other color vision deficiencies
	Sub-Total specific	1524
	Total	1624

ICD-9-CM: Classification of Diseases - 9^th Revision - Clinical Modification; ADRs: Adverse drug reactions.