Operative vs nonoperative treatment of displaced intra-articular calcaneal fracture: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Figure 1 Flow chart of eligibility selection. RCT: Randomized controlled trial.

Figure 2 Risk of bias summary and graph. A: Risk of bias summary; B: Risk of bias graph.

Figure 3 The number of patients who resumed pre-injury job after treatment.

Figure 4 The number of patients who had residual pain after treatment.

Figure 5 The number of patients who had shoe-fitting problems after treatment.

Figure 6 The number of patients who had limited walking distance after treatment.

Figure 7 The number of patients who had secondary late arthrodesis.

Figure 8 Incidence of complications after operative and nonoperative treatments.

Figure 9 Subgroup analysis on specific complications. DIACF: Displaced intra-articular calcaneal fracture; PE: Pulmonary embolism; DVT: Deep venous thrombosis.

Figure 10 Funnel plot based on studies with data on incidence of shoe-fitting problems.

Figure 11 Funnel plot based on studies with data on subgroup analyses of complications. DIACF: Displaced intra-articular calcaneal fracture; SE: Standard error; PE: Pulmonary embolism; DVT: Deep venous thrombosis.