Past, present and future of cyanide antagonism research: From the early remedies to the current therapies

doi:10.5662/wjm.v5.i2.88

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Jun 26, 2015 (publication date) through Oct 26, 2025

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World Journal of Methodology

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Methodol. Jun 26, 2015; 5(2): 88-100
Published online Jun 26, 2015. doi: 10.5662/wjm.v5.i2.88

Table 1 Present cyanide therapies worldwide

Antidotal therapy	Country availability
Sodium nitrite, amyl nitrite and sodium thiosulfate	Europe, Asia (Lilly kit; Talor kit; Pasadena kit) United States (Nithiodote™)
Hydroxocobalamin	European Union/United States (Cyanokit^®)
4-Dimethylaminophenol	Germany/Austria/Netherlands
Dicobalt edetate	Netherlands/France/United Kingdom/Australia/Israel (Kelocyanor)

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Table 2 Novel cyanide therapies in development for rapid IM delivery in mass casualty situations

Novel therapy	Mechanism of action	Older analog
Cobinamide	Direct CN Scavenger	Hydroxocobalamin
Sulfanegen	CN Transformer (Leverages the mercaptopyruvate sulfur transferase enzyme)	Mercaptopyruvate
Next generation sulfane sulfur donors	CN Transformer (Leverages the rhodanese enzyme)	Thiosulfate

CN: Cyanide.

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Citation: Petrikovics I, Budai M, Kovacs K, Thompson DE. Past, present and future of cyanide antagonism research: From the early remedies to the current therapies. World J Methodol 2015; 5(2): 88-100
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2222-0682/full/v5/i2/88.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5662/wjm.v5.i2.88