Statistical models for meta-analysis: A brief tutorial

Table 1 Meta-regression models for changes in triglycerides (mg/dL)

Variable	Studies (n)	Participants (n)	β	σ	z	p(z)	95% CI	τ2	I2res
Model 1 (intercept-only)
Intercept	6	559	-9.4	3.7	-2.5	0.01	-16.6 to -2.1	65.4	98.8
Model 2 (intercept + 1 covariate)
Intercept	6	559	7.5	5.9	1.3	.02	-4.1 to 19.1
Bodyweight (kg)	6	559	2.9	0.9	3.2	.001	1.1 to 4.8	15.1	93.7

β: Coefficient; σ: Standard error; z: z-value; p(z): Alpha value for z; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; τ²: Tau-squared between-study variance; I²_res: Percentage of residual heterogeneity that is attributable to between-study heterogeneity.