Update on hypoxic-ischemic brain injury: Prognosis and management

Table 1 Prognostic factors in hypoxic-ischemic brain injury

Good prognostic factors	Poor prognostic factors by ERC and ESICM
Early return of continuous and reactive EEG. Low blood levels of NSE. Absence of diffusion changes on brain MRI. Good functional status. CRS scores of 8 and more	No pupillary and corneal reflexes at ≥ 72 hours. Bilaterally absent N20 SSEP wave at ≥ 24 hours. Highly malignant patterns in EEG at > 24 hours. NSE > 60 µg/L at 72 hours. Status myoclonus ≤ 72 hours. Extensive anoxic injury on brain CT/MRI

ERC: European Resuscitation Council; ESICM: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; EEG: Electroencephalogram; NSE: Neuron specific enolase; CT: Computed tomography; MRI: Magnetic resonance imaging; CRS: Coma Remission Scale; SSEP: Somatosensory evoked potential.