Association between tobacco exposure and bladder cancer recurrence: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Figure 1 Flow diagram of study selection.

Figure 2 Meta-analysis of studies on the associations between the risk of bladder cancer recurrence and current smoking, previous smoking, and tobacco exposure. A: Tobacco exposure vs recurrence in never smokers; B: Current smoking vs recurrence in never smokers; C: Former smoking vs recurrence in never smokers; D: Current smoking vs recurrence in former smokers.

Figure 3 Meta-analysis of studies on the associations between the risk of bladder cancer progression and current smoking, previous smoking, and tobacco exposure. A: Tobacco exposure vs progression; B: Current smoking vs progression in never smokers; C: Former smoking vs progression in never smokers; D: Current smoking vs progression in former smokers.

Figure 4 Tobacco exposure-recurrence and tobacco exposure-progression funnel plots. A: Tobacco exposure and relapse; B: Tobacco exposure and progress.

Figure 5 Assessment of bias risk in included studies. A: Risk of bias summary, review the judgments about each risk of bias item for each included study; B: Risk of bias graph, the judgments about each risk of bias item are presented as percentages across all included studies.