Copyright
©The Author(s) 2018.
World J Nephrol. Mar 6, 2018; 7(2): 58-64
Published online Mar 6, 2018. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v7.i2.58
Published online Mar 6, 2018. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v7.i2.58
Current review (n = 41) | Findings from Horton et al[2] (n = 126) | |
Mean age (range), yr | 44.2 (19.0-67.0) | 44.6 (20.0-67.0) |
Female/male, n (%) | 22 (53.7)/19 (46.3) | 68 (54.0)/58 (46.0) |
Type of diabetes | ||
Type 1, n (%) | 17 (41.5) | 54/108 (50.0) |
Type 2, n (%) | 22 (53.7) | 45/108 (41.7) |
Cystic-fibrosis-related, n (%) | 2 (4.9) | 2/108 (1.9) |
Concurrent diabetes-related complications | ||
Retinopathy, n (%) | 24 (58.5) | 83 (65.8) |
Neuropathy, n (%) | 22 (56.1) | - |
Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 6 (14.6) | - |
Peripheral arterial disease, n (%) | 3 (7.3) | - |
Type of renal replacement therapy | ||
Hemodialysis, n (%) | 25 (60.1) | - |
Peritoneal dialysis, n (%) | 9 (21.9) | - |
Pancreas-kidney transplantation, n (%) | 4 (9.8) | - |
Kidney transplantation only, n (%) | 1 (2.4) | - |
Pattern of muscle involvement | ||
Lower limbs | 36 (66.7) | - |
Proximal lower limbs (above knee) | 24 (58.5) | 90 (71.2) |
Distal lower limbs (below knee) | 6 (14.6) | 19 (15.3) |
Both proximal and distal lower limbs | 6 (14.6) | - |
Upper limbs | 5 (12.2) | 7 (5.4) |
Unilateral limb | 33 (80.5) | - |
Present review | Findings from Horton et al[2] | ||
Number of patients who had the investigation | n (%) | n/n (%) | |
Leucocytosis (WCC > 11.0 × 109 cells/L) | 35 | 11 (31.4) | 48/112 (42.5) |
Leucopenia (WCC < 4.0 × 109 cells/L) | 35 | 1 (2.9) | - |
Elevated CRP (> 10 mg/L) | 11 | 9 (81.8) | 27/30 (90.0) |
Elevated ESR (> 20 mm/h) | 8 | 9 (88.9) | 50/60 (83.3) |
Elevated creatine kinase (> 150 IU/L for females; > 250 IU/L for males) | 34 | 17 (50.0) | 31/98 (31.6) |
HbA1c > 7.0%, n (%) | 18 | 11 (61.1) | - |
MRI findings | 35 (85.4) | ||
Muscle enlargement | 35 | 33 (94.2) | - |
Muscle edema | 35 | 30 (85.7) | 76.8 |
Subcutaneous edema | 35 | 17 (43.6) | - |
Muscle biopsy findings | 16 (39.0) | ||
Muscle necrosis | 16 | 16 (100) | - |
Inflammatory cell infiltration | 16 | 14 (87.5) | - |
Muscle fibre regeneration | 16 | 7 (43.8) | - |
- Citation: Yong TY, Khow KSF. Diabetic muscle infarction in end-stage renal disease: A scoping review on epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. World J Nephrol 2018; 7(2): 58-64
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-6124/full/v7/i2/58.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5527/wjn.v7.i2.58