Clinical outcomes of deceased donor kidney transplantation: Eight years of experience from a tertiary care center in India

Table 1 Recipient and donor baseline characteristics in non-delayed graft function and delayed graft function groups

Variables	Total (n = 62)	No-DGF (n = 40)	DGF (n = 22)	P value
Recipient characteristics
Age	42 (34-47)	41 (34-44)	43 (35-49)	0.286
Male	29 (46.8)	15 (37.5)	14 (63.6)	0.048
BMI	21.8 (19.2-23.4)	20.6 (18.7-22.7)	22.8 (21.5-26.5)	0.013
Diabetes mellitus	4 (6.5)	2 (5.0)	2 (9.1)	0.610
Dialysis vintage (months)	81 (63-96)	83 (71-102)	76 (50-84)	0.035
Peritoneal dialysis	7 (11.3)	3 (7.5)	4 (18.1)	0.233
PRA class I > 20 (n = 52)	9/52 (17.3)	6/34 (17.7)	3/18 (16.7)	1.000
PRA class II > 20 (n = 52)	14/52 (26.9)	10/34 (29.4)	4/18 (22.2)	0.746
Any sensitisation event ever	54 (87.1)	33/40 (82.5)	21/22 (95.5)	0.240
Pregnancy (n = 33)	23/33 (69.7)	16/25 (64.0)	7/8 (87.5)	0.382
Blood transfusion	44 (71.0)	26 (65.0)	18 (81.8)	0.243
Second transplant	8 (12.9)	3 (7.5)	5 (22.7)	0.119
Donor characteristics
Age	45 (26-58)	45 (25-53)	52 (32-64)	0.077
Male	50 (80.6)	35 (87.5)	15 (68.2)	0.065
Terminal creatinine	1.1 (0.8-1.7)	1.0 (0.8-1.3)	1.4 (0.8-2.2)	0.014
BMI	24.5 (23.3-26.3)	24.5 (23.0-26.4)	24.8 (24.2-26.3)	0.504
Hypertension	12 (19.4)	7 (17.5)	5 (22.7)	0.618
Diabetes mellitus	11 (17.7)	6 (15.0)	5 (22.7)	0.446
Expanded criteria donor	14 (22.6)	7 (17.5)	7 (31.8)	0.197
HLA mismatch (n = 55)				0.137
0, 1, 2	0	0	0
3	3/55 (5.5)	2 (5.4)	1 (5.6)
4	9/55 (16.4)	3 (8.1)	6 (33.3)
5	21/55 (38.2)	16 (43.2)	5 (27.8)
6	22/55 (40.0)	16 (43.2)	6 (33.3)
Donor KDRI Rao (n = 48)	1.2 (1.0-1.6)	1.1 (1.0-1.4)	1.4 (1.1-1.7)	0.098
KDRI scaled (2024) (n = 48)	0.8 (0.7-1.1)	0.8 (0.7-1.0)	1.0 (0.8-1.2)	0.098
KDPI 2025 (%) (n = 48)	32 (15-61)	24 (14-47)	48 (23-67)	0.145
Cold ischemia time (hours) (n = 58)	3.5 (2.7-4.9)	3.4 (2.6-4.1)	4.7 (3.0-6.0)	0.054
Donor-recipient sex combinations				0.011
Male to male	24/62 (38.7)	15/24 (62.5)	9/24 (37.5)
Male to female	26/62 (41.9)	20/26 (76.9)	6/26 (23.1)
Female to male	5/62 (8.1)	0	5/5 (100)
Female to female	7/62 (11.3)	5/7 (71.4)	2/7 (28.6)

Data is presented as n (%) or median (interquartile range). BMI: Body mass index; PRA: Panel reactive antibody; HLA: Human leukocyte antigen; KDPI: Kidney donor profile index; KDRI: Kidney donor risk index; DGF: Delayed graft function.

Table 2 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of predictors of delayed graft function

Variable	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Recipient BMI	1.28 (1.07-1.53)	0.007	1.16 (0.97-1.40)	0.099	1.22 (1.01-1.46)	0.036
Male recipient	4.31 (1.00-18.52)	0.050	2.81 (0.63-12.50)	0.174	2.85 (0.56-14.57)	0.207
Dialysis vintage (months)	1.00 (1.00-1.00)	0.833	1.00 (1.00-1.00)	0.853	1.00 (1.00-1.00)	0.826
Male donor	0.28 (0.04-1.99)	0.205	0.24 (0.04-1.60)	0.141	0.32 (0.05-2.32)	0.264
Donor age	1.02 (0.98-1.06)	0.326			1.04 (0.99-1.09)	0.137
Donor terminal creatinine	2.66 (1.25-5.66)	0.011			2.29 (1.09-4.82)	0.029
KDRI			1.60 (0.31-8.25)	0.574
CIT (hours)					1.00 (1.00-1.01)	0.133

Model 1 calculated for 62 patients, model 2 calculated for 48 patients as kidney donor risk index available for 48 patients and model 3 calculated for 58 patients as cold ischemia time available for 58 patients. BMI: Body mass index; KDRI: Kidney donor risk index; CIT: Cold ischemia time; OR: Odds ratio.

Table 3 Multivariate Cox regression analysis of predictors of graft loss

Variable	Model 1		Model 2
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Recipient age	1.06 (1.00-1.12)	0.024	1.07 (1.00-1.13)	0.022
Donor age	1.03 (1.00-1.07)	0.051	1.02 (1.00-1.06)	0.137
DGF			2.50 (0.85-7.34)	0.095

Model 1 (n = 62) - recipient and donor age. Model 2 (n = 62) - Model 1 + delayed graft function - this model incorporates baseline clinical covariates along with delayed graft function which represents immediate post operative graft function. Collinearity was checked using variance inflation factor (VIF) and variables with VIF > 5.0 (kidney donor profile index) were excluded. DGF: Delayed graft function; KDRI: Kidney donor risk index; HR: Hazard ratio.