Pediatric cardiac surgery associated-acute kidney injury: Interleukin 18 as a new biomarker

Table 1 Anthropometric parameters of study participants

Variables	n (%)/mean ± SD
Male	22 (55)
Female	18 (45)
Weight (kg)	17.66 ± 9.05
Height (m)	0.99 ± 0.31
BMI (kg/m2)	14.74 ± 3.12

BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Mean concentration of measured biomarkers over time, mean ± SD

	Time (hour)
Biomarkers	0:00	4:00	8:00	12:00	24:00	48:00
IL-18 (ng/L)	12.83 ± 3.04	19.09 ± 4.97	22.15 ± 5.86	20.00 ± 5.38	18.11 ± 5.13	16.36 ± 4.61
Creatinine (μmol/L)	48.98 ± 11.6	59.65 ± 13.06	63.00 ± 16.53	64.90 ± 17.65	68.50 ± 19.99	70.78 ± 21.86

IL: Interleukin.

Table 3 Comparison of interleukin 18 at different time points in those with and without cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury

Renal biomarker at time points (hours)	Cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury		P value
	Present (n = 7)	Absent (n = 33)
0	13.36 ± 4.05	12.72 ± 5.27	0.727
4	26.73 ± 3.44	17.47 ± 6.45	0.001a
8	40.02 ± 6.52	18.35 ± 7.16	0.000a
12	29.61 ± 5.37	17.96 ± 6.06	0.002a
24	24.68 ± 4.50	16.72 ± 5.54	0.000a
48	22.98 ± 3.27	14.95 ± 4.98	0.000a

^aP ≤ 0.05 significant.

Table 4 Comparison of creatinine at different time points in those with or without cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury

Renal biomarker at time points (hours)	Cardiac surgery associated acute kidney injury		P value
	Present (n = 7)	Absent (n = 33)
0	46.57 ± 9.54	50.09 ± 12.03	0.579
4	55.57 ± 13.21	60.52 ± 14.27	0.511
8	68.00 ± 50.02	60.15 ± 19.43	0.473
12	64.29 ± 47.37	65.21 ± 14.30	0.349
24	96.14 ± 85.36	64.52 ± 28.47	0.277
48	95.29 ± 64.89	65.58 ± 29.86	0.066

Table 5 Statistical significance of area under the curve of measured biomarkers

Biomarkers	AUC	SE	P value
IL-18	0.926	0.043	0.000a
CR	0.429	0.148	0.557

^aP < 0.05 significant.

AUC: Area under the curve; IL: Interleukin; CR: Creatinine.