Adult minimal change disease: Clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment response and outcome at a single center in Pakistan

Table 1 Main demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of adults with minimal change disease at presentation (mean ± SD)

Characteristics	Value
Age (years)	26.34 ± 10.28 (18-60)
Gender [Male/Female, n (%)]	15/8 (65.2/34.8)
Duration of symptoms (months)	5.23 ± 8.64 (1-30)
Serum creatinine (mg/dL)	1.03 ± 1.00 (0.50-5.50)
Serum albumin (g/dL)	1.94 ± 0.90 (1.0-4.0)
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	121.21 ± 16.76 (100-150)
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	79.47 ± 12.92 (58-110)
Urinary proteins (g/day)	4.53 ± 2.43 (3-11)
Hematuria, n (%)	2 (8.7)
Hypertension, n (%)	7 (30.47)
AKI at presentation, n (%)	1 (4.3)

AKI: Acute kidney injury.

Table 2 A comparison of baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics of adults with minimal change disease with international studies

Characteristics	Present study	Korbet et al[13]	Nolasco et al[14]	Mak et al[15]	Fujimoto et al[16]	Keskar et al[17]
Number of patients	23	40	89	51	33	61
Age (years) (mean ± SD)	26.34 ± 10.28	41 ± 20	42 ± 19	37 ± 11	28 ± 11	30.46 ± 13.43
Males (%)	65.2	48	56	70	67	54
Urinary proteins (g/day) (mean ± SD)	4.53 ± 2.43	8.7 ± 5.7	10.2	16.4	12.4	5.33 ± 3.75
Serum Albumin (g/dL) (mean ± SD)	1.94 ± 0.90	2.13 ± 0.8	1.9	1.7	1.8	2.0 ± 0.71
Hypertension (%)	30.47	21	30	55	9	6.55
Hematuria (%)	8.7	21	28	33	15	13.11

Table 3 Comparison of clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with and without relapse in adult minimal change disease (mean ± SD)

Characteristics	Patients with relapse (n = 4)	Patients without relapse (n = 17)	P value
Age (years)	21.0 ± 2.94	26.76 ± 10.65	0.30
Males, (%)	100	58.8	0.16
Systolic BP (mmHg)	105.5 ± 9.71	123.8 ± 15.4	0.03
Diastolic BP (mmHg)	67.0 ± 6.0	81.76 ± 13.09	0.04
Serum Albumin (g/dL)	1.25 ± 0.25	2.10 ± 0.96	0.05
Serum Cr (mg/dL)	0.68 ± 0.12	0.86 ± 0.25	0.18
Urinary proteins (g/day)	4.52 ± 2.81	4.21 ± 2.07	0.80
Duration of follow up (months)	36.5 ± 19.6	38.47 ± 23.4	0.87
Serum Cr at last follow up (mg/dL)	0.71 ± 0.55	0.83 ± 0.26	0.37
Remission at last follow up (%)	75	70.6	0.57
Normal renal function at last follow up (%)	75	76.5	0.69

BP: Blood pressure; Cr: Chromium.

Table 4 Final outcome in adults with minimal change disease

Characteristics	Present study	Korbet et al[13]	Nolasco et al[14]	Mak et al[15]	Fujimoto et al[16]	Keskar et al[17]
Follow up (months) (mean ± SD)	38.09 ± 22.3	53.5 ± 47.1	91 ± 63	38.93	46.2 ± 29	34.4
Remission (%)	85.7	80	77	94	94	87.5
Complete (%)	71.4	73	66	90	94	61.29
Partial (%)	14.2	7	11	4	-	26.22
Nephrotic at last follow-up (%)	14.2	20	6	2	3
ESRD (%)	-	5	1	2	-	1.6
Died (%)	-	8	17	2	3	-

ESRD: End-stage renal disease.