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Observational Study
Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026.
World J Transplant. Jun 18, 2026; 16(2): 119247
Published online Jun 18, 2026. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v16.i2.119247
Table 1 Patient demographic variables for the book-receiving cohort, n (%)/median (interquartile range)

Liver donors (n = 6)
Kidney donors (n = 19)
Liver recipients (n = 24)1
Kidney recipients (n = 26)1
Age at donation or transplant41 (34.5-47.5)44 (36-51)51 (41-56)255 (49-70)3
Female sex4 (66.7)11 (57.9)6 (33.3)27 (36.8)3
Primary language
English6 (100.0)19 (100.0)23 (95.8)25 (96.2)
Spanish0 (0.0)0 (0.0)1 (4.2)1 (3.8)
Highest level of education
Less than high school0 (0.0)1 (5.3)1 (4.2)2 (7.7)
High school/GED1 (16.7)4 (21.1)5 (20.8)2 (7.7)
College2 (33.3)9 (47.4)14 (58.3)13 (50.0)
Advanced degree3 (50.0)5 (26.3)4 (16.7)9 (34.6)
Employment status
Full-time4 (66.7)15 (78.9)11 (45.8)7 (26.9)
Part-time0 (0.0)1 (5.3)1 (4.2)3 (11.5)
On disability0 (0.0)0 (0.0)5 (20.8)2 (7.7)
Unemployed2 (33.3)2 (10.5)4 (16.7)5 (19.2)
Retired0 (0.0)1 (5.3)3 (12.5)9 (34.6)
History of prior surgeries4 (66.7)8 (42.1)17 (70.8)16 (61.5)
Table 2 Postoperative respondent outcomes compared with historic rates (calendar year 2023), n (%)

Book-receiving (current) cohort
Historical cohort
P value
Liver donorsn = 6n = 23
    30-day readmission0 (0.0)0 (0.0)1.000
    Unplanned clinic visits1 (16.7)
    30-day ED encounters0 (0.0)2 (8.7)1.000
    Call to transplant coordinators3 (50.0)
Kidney donorsn = 19n = 93
    30-day readmission0 (0.0)1 (1.1)1.000
    Unplanned clinic visits0 (0.0)
    30-day ED encounters1 (5.3)16 (17.2)0.069
    Call to transplant coordinators1 (5.3)
Liver recipientsn = 241n = 141
    30-day readmission7 (29.2)62 (44.0)0.189
    Unplanned clinic visits12 (50.0)
    30-day ED encounters4 (16.7)34 (24.1)0.601
    Call to transplant coordinators7 (29.2)
Kidney recipientsn = 261n = 299
    30-day readmission3 (11.5)60 (20.1)0.438
    Unplanned clinic visits12 (46.2)
    30-day ED encounters3 (11.5)58 (19.4)0.437
    Call to transplant coordinators15 (57.7)
All donorsn = 25n = 116
    30-day readmission0 (0.0)1 (0.01)1.000
    Unplanned clinic visits1 (4.0)
    30-day ED encounters1 (4.0)18 (15.5)0.197
    Call to transplant coordinators4 (16.0)
All recipientsn = 49n = 440
    30-day readmission9 (18.4)122 (27.7)0.177
    Unplanned clinic visits23 (46.9)
    30-day ED encounters7 (14.3)92 (20.9)0.350
    Call to transplant coordinators 21 (42.9)
Full cohortn = 74n = 556
    30-day readmission9 (12.2)123 (22.1)0.049
    Unplanned clinic visits24 (32.4)
    30-day ED encounters8 (10.8)110 (19.8)0.080
    Call to transplant coordinators25 (33.8)


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