Peculiarities of implantation of the right graft veins into the inferior vena cava during living donor liver transplantation

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of patients

Parameter	Group 1 (no venous reconstruction)	Group 2 (V5/V8 PTFE graft to inferior vena cava)	Group 3 (V5/V8 PTFE graft to right hepatic vein)	P value
Number of patients (n)	12	44	40	Not applicable
Male (female)	9 (3)	29 (15)	28 (12)	0.38
Age (years)	46.44	48.76	47.56	0.57
HCV	8	19	22	0.12
HBV	2	6	4	0.69
HCV + HBV	0	3	4	0.67
HBV + delta	1	4	2	0.68
Other	1	12	8	0.06
Model for end-stage liver disease score	19.7	19.8	20.4	0.24
Donor age (years)	37.2 ± 9.6	39.1 ± 11.2	38.5 ± 12.3	0.79
Graft-to-recipient weight ratio	0.81 ± 0.17	0.85 ± 0.19	0.87 ± 0.21	0.43
Graft weight (g)	770 ± 112	750 ± 140	780 ± 135	0.53
Warm ischemia time (minutes)	41 ± 3.5	63 ± 7.2	43 ± 6.1	< 0.01
Cold ischemia time (minutes)	35 ± 3.8	63 ± 8.2	78 ± 7.3	< 0.01

HBV: Hepatitis B virus; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; PTFE: Polytetrafluoroethylene.

Table 2 international normalized ratio and lactate levels over time

Day	INR group 1 (mean ± SD)	INR group 2 (mean ± SD)	INR group 3 (mean ± SD)	Lactate group 1 (mean ± SD)	Lactate group 2 (mean ± SD)	Lactate group 3 (mean ± SD)
Postoperative day 1	2.29 ± 0.21	2.08 ± 0.17	2.05 ± 0.19	4.57 ± 0.48	6.07 ± 0.64	4.64 ± 0.57
Day 2				3.96 ± 0.37	5.46 ± 0.47	4.12 ± 0.51
Day 3				2.58 ± 0.37	3.98 ± 0.56	2.70 ± 0.42
Day 7	2.44 ± 0.29	2.21 ± 0.24	2.17 ± 0.29
Day 14	2.04 ± 0.63	1.7 ± 0.42	1.63 ± 0.52

It highlights the trends in international normalized ratio (INR) and lactate levels over time postoperatively. INR levels initially increased in all groups, peaking around day 7 before declining by day 14. In contrast, lactate levels demonstrated a downward trend from day 1 to day 3, with group 2 consistently showing higher levels compared to the other groups. INR: International normalized ratio.