Latent tuberculosis: Risk factors, screening and treatment in liver transplantation recipients from an endemic area

Table 1 Clinical characteristics and tuberculin skin test results of 213 cirrhotic patients who underwent liver transplantation between January 2005 and December 2012, n (%)

Characteristic	General	TST positive	TST negative	P1
	(n = 213)	(n = 35)	(n = 178)
Age (yr)	53.2 ± 11.0	56.1 ± 8.6	52.6 ± 11.3	0.13
Male	153 (71.8)	25 (71.4)	128 (71.9)	0.95
Cirrhosis etiology
Viral hepatitis	68 (31.9)	12 (34.3)	56 (31.5)
Alcoholic	64 (30.0)	13 (37.1)	51 (28.7)
Cryptogenic	45 (21.1)	6 (17.1)	39 (21.9)	0.01
AIH, PBC, PSC	27 (12.7)	0 (0)	27 (15.2)
Other etiologies	9 (4.2)	4 (11.4)	5 (2.8)
Previous contact with TB patients	18 (8.5)	6 (20.0)	12 (8.3)	0.09
Hepatocellular carcinoma	41 (19.2)	11 (31.4)	30 (16.9)	0.046
MELD score	16.4 ± 5.0	15.4 ± 4.0	16.6 ± 5.1	0.22
MELD Na	18.2 ± 5.3	16.5 ± 4.5	18.5 ± 5.4	0.045
Child
Child A	39 (18.3)	11 (31.4)	28 (15.7)
Child B	107 (50.2)	14 (40.0)	93 (52.2)	0.136
Child C	67 (31.5)	10 (28.6)	57 (32.0)
Hemoglobin	12.2 ± 1.9	12.6 ± 2.3	12.1 ± 1.7	0.257
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.99 ± 0.62	0.93 ± 0.25	1.00 ± 0.67	0.471
Albumin (g/dL)	3.1 ± 0.6	3.3 ± 0.8	3.1 ± 0.5	0.181
Sodium (mEq/L)	137.7 ± 4.7	139.5 ± 4.6	137.3 ± 4.7	0.043
Bilirubin (mg/dL)	4.33 ± 5.96	2.92 ± 1.76	4.60 ± 6.44	0.364
INR	1.62 ± 0.43	1.59 ± 0.39	1.62 ± 0.44	0.795

¹Differences between tuberculin skin test positive and negative.

TST: Tuberculin skin test; AIH: Autoimmune hepatitis; PBC: Primary biliary cholangitis; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis; TB: Tuberculosis; MELD: Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; MELD-Na: Model for End-Stage Liver Disease with Sodium; Child: Child-Turcotte-Pugh; INR: International normalized ratio.

Table 2 Usage time of isoniazid and reason for drug withdraw in patients with positive tuberculin skin test

Patient	Usage time (d)	Reason for drug withdraw
Patient 1	> 180	LTBI treatment complete
Patient 2	> 180	LTBI treatment complete
Patient 3	> 180	LTBI treatment complete
Patient 4	57	Changes in liver enzymes
Patient 5	80	Cholestasis
Patient 6	93	Clinical worsening - polyserositis
Patient 7	112	Not justified
Patient 8	142	Not justified
Patient 9	146	Not justified
Patient 10	162	Not justified
Patient 11	171	Not justified
Patient 12	172	Not justified

LTBI: Latent tuberculosis infection.