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World J Transplant. Jun 18, 2026; 16(2): 118012
Published online Jun 18, 2026. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v16.i2.118012
Figure 1
Figure 1 Dynamic immune dysfunction and vaccination responsiveness across cirrhosis and liver transplantation. ACLF: Acute-on-chronic liver failure; CAID: Cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction; CNI: Calcineurin inhibitor; IS: Immunosuppression; LT: Liver transplantation; MASLD: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; MMF: Mycophenolate mofetil.
Figure 2
Figure 2 Timing matters: When to vaccinate liver transplant candidates and recipients? HAV: Hepatitis A virus; HPV: Human papillomavirus; MMR: Measles, mumps, and rubella; LT: Liver transplantation; LAIV: Live attenuated influenza vaccine.
Figure 3
Figure 3 Strategies to overcome the vaccine immunogenicity gap in liver transplant recipients. LT: Liver transplantation; MMF: Mycophenolate mofetil; IS: Immunosuppression; IGRA: Interferon-gamma release assay.


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