Importance of microenvironment in preclinical models of breast and prostate cancer

Table 1 Classification of the most commonly used human breast cancer cell lines

Name	Histopathologicalclassification	Immunohistochemicalclassification
MCF-7	Luminal A	ER+, PR+, Her2-
SUM185	Luminal A	ER+, PR-, Her2-
T47D	Luminal A	ER+, PR+, Her2-
BT-474	Luminal B	ER+, PR+, Her2+
ZR-75	Luminal B	ER+, PR-, Her2+
SKBR3	Her2-positive	ER-, PR-, Her2+
MDA-MB-453	Her2-positive	ER-, PR-, Her2+
MDA-MB-468	Basal	ER-, PR-, Her2-
SUM190	Basal	ER-, PR-, Her2+
BT-20	Basal	ER-, PR-, Her2-
MDA-MB-231	Claudin-low	ER-, PR-, Her2-
HS-578T	Claudin-low	ER-, PR-, Her2-
Cal-51	Claudin-low	ER-, PR-, Her2-

Adapted from a review of Holliday and Speirs 2011[24]. ER^+/-: Estrogen receptor-positive/negative; PR^+/-: Progesterone receptor-positive/negative; Her2^+/-: Human epidermal growth factor-positive/negative.

Table 2 Classification of the most commonly used human prostate cancer cell lines

Name	Site of origin	Hormonal status	PSA expression
PC-3	Bone	AR-	No
DU-145	Brain	AR-	No
LNCaP	Lymph node	AS	Yes
C4-2B	Subline of LNCaP	AI	Yes
VCaP	Bone	AS	Yes
CWR22	Prostate	AS	Yes
22Rv1	Subline of 22Rv1	AI	Yes
PC-346	Prostate	AS	Yes

AR^-: Androgen receptor negative; AS: Androgen sensitive; AI: Androgen independent.

Table 3 Comparison of different types of breast and prostate cancer xenograft models

Type	Relevant ME	Metastases	Costs	Ease	Ref.
Subcutaneous	No	No	Low	Easy	[51]
Orthotopic BrCa	Yes	Yes	Low	Easy	[45]
Orthotopic PCa	Yes	Yes	Medium	Difficult	[55]
Intratibial	Yes	Yes	Medium	Difficult	[56]
Intravenous/cardiac	Yes	Yes	Medium	Medium	[60]
Humanized	Yes	Yes	High	Difficult	[67]
PDX	Yes	No	High	Difficult	[94]

ME: Microenvironment; BrCa: Breast cancer; PCa: Prostate cancer; PDX: Patient-derived xenograft.