Effects of ketone bodies supplementation in patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis

doi:10.5492/wjccm.v15.i2.117717

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine

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2220-3141

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Meta-Analysis

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Crit Care Med. Jun 9, 2026; 15(2): 117717
Published online Jun 9, 2026. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v15.i2.117717

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Figure 1 PRISMA flow chart summarizing the study selection process.

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Figure 2 Effect of ketone supplementation vs placebo on cardiac function and hemodynamic parameters in patients with heart failure. A: Cardiac output; B: Systemic vascular resistance; C: Left ventricular ejection fraction; D: Venous oxygen saturation; E: Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; F: Heart rate; G: Left ventricular end-diastolic volume; H: Left ventricular end-systolic volume; I: Global longitudinal strain; J: Systolic mitral annular peak velocity; K: Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion. HFrEF: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; HFpEF: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; CI: Confidence interval.

Citation: Siddiqi AK, Javaid SS, Kumar A, Kumar N, Ahmad M, Akhtar S, Raja AR, Ladhani D, Kumari N, Kumar S. Effects of ketone bodies supplementation in patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Crit Care Med 2026; 15(2): 117717
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2220-3141/full/v15/i2/117717.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5492/wjccm.v15.i2.117717

Siddiqi AK, Javaid SS, Kumar A, Kumar N, Ahmad M, Akhtar S, Raja AR, Ladhani D, Kumari N, Kumar S. Effects of ketone bodies supplementation in patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Crit Care Med 2026; 15(2): 117717 [DOI: 10.5492/wjccm.v15.i2.117717]

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