Clinical and functional correlates of blood eosinophilia in pediatric asthma: A retrospective cohort study

doi:10.5409/wjcp.122880

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics

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2219-2808

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Retrospective Cohort Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Clin Pediatr. Dec 9, 2026; 15(4): 122880
Published online Dec 9, 2026. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.122880

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of children included in the study, n (%)/mean ± SD

Clinical characteristics	Total (n = 176)	Asthma with eosinophilia		P value
Clinical characteristics	Total (n = 176)	Yes (n = 84)	No (n = 92)	P value
Age (year)	8.2 ± 1.1	8.3 ± 0.8	8.11 ± 1.1	0.21
Male	99 (56.4)	48 (57.2)	51 (55.4)	0.82
BMI (kg/m²)	21.1 ± 1.8	20.9 ± 1.9	21.6 ± 1.7	0.28
Allergic rhinitis	68 (38.6)	37 (44.1)	31 (33.7)	0.16
Atopic dermatitis	13 (7.4)	7 (8.3)	6 (6.5)	0.64
Duration of asthma (year)	1.9 ± 0.7	1.8 ± 0.8	2.1 ± 0.3	0.13
Family history of atopy	61 (34.7)	33 (39.3)	28 (30.4)	0.22

BMI: Body mass index.

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Table 2 Severity of asthma based on blood eosinophilia, n (%)

Parameters	Total (n = 176)	Asthma with eosinophilia		OR¹/MD (95%CI)	P value
Parameters	Total (n = 176)	Yes (n = 84)	No (n = 92)	OR¹/MD (95%CI)	P value
Asthma control (ACT score < 20)	75 (42.6)	43 (51.2)	32 (34.8)	1.97 (1.07, 3.6)	0.027
Asthma severity
Intermittent	54 (30.7)	26 (31.0)	28 (30.4)	1.02 (0.54, 1.95)	0.94
Mild	41 (23.3)	19 (22.6)	22 (23.9)	0.93 (0.46, 1.87)	0.83
Moderate	68 (38.6)	39 (46.4)	29 (31.5)	1.88 (1.02, 3.48)	0.041^a
Severe	13 (7.4)	10 (11.9)	3 (3.3)	4.01 (1.06, 15.11)	0.02^a
Spirometry values, mean ± SD
FEV1 (% predicted)	74.5 ± 19.1	72.6 ± 17.7	76.9 ± 16.5	-4.3 (-9.4, 0.8)	0.18
FVC (% predicted)	88.6 ± 17.9	88.1 ± 18.2	89.5 ± 17.3	-1.4 (-6.7, 3.9)	0.58
FEV1/FVC ratio (%)	68.3 ± 10.4	65.5 ± 10.3	69.7 ± 9.9	-4.2 (-7.1, -1.3)	0.006^a

¹Reference group: Non-eosinophilia.

^aP value < 0.05.

OR: Odds ratio; MD: Mean difference; ACT: Asthma control tests; SD: Standard deviation; FEV1: Forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC: Forced vital capacity.

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Table 3 Serum total immunoglobulin E level (kIU/L), n (%)

Serum total IgE level (kIU/L)	Total (n = 93)	Asthma with blood eosinophilia		OR (95%CI)	P value
Serum total IgE level (kIU/L)	Total (n = 93)	Yes (n = 50)	No (n = 43)	OR (95%CI)	P value
Absolute level, median (IQR)	202 (68-376)	295 (112-487)	98 (54-219)	-	< 0.001^a
Cut-off levels
> 100 to ≤ 300	40 (43)	25 (50)	15 (34.9)	1.87 (0.81, 4.31)	0.14
> 300	28 (30.1)	20 (40)	8 (18.6)	2.92 (1.12, 7.57)	0.024^a

^aP value < 0.05.

OR: Odds ratio; IQR: Inter-quartile range; IgE: Immunoglobulin E.

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Table 4 Multivariate analysis of factors for asthma with blood eosinophilia

Clinical and laboratory factors	aOR (95%CI)¹	P value
Age > 8 years	2.34 (1.06, 4.12)	0.034^a
Serum total IgE level (> 300 kIU/L)	1.98 (1.14, 5.84)	0.031^a
ACT score < 20	2.15 (1.21, 7.01)	0.03^a
FEV1/FVC (< 70%)	1.78 (1.19, 5.66)	0.012^a

¹Adjusted for age, immunoglobulin E, asthma control test score, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity ratio.

^aP < 0.05 indicates statistical significance.

aOR: Adjusted odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval; ACT: Asthma control test.

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Citation: Das RR, Panigrahi MK, Mahapatro S, John J. Clinical and functional correlates of blood eosinophilia in pediatric asthma: A retrospective cohort study. World J Clin Pediatr 2026; 15(4): 122880
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2219-2808/full/v15/i4/122880.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.5409/wjcp.122880

Das RR, Panigrahi MK, Mahapatro S, John J. Clinical and functional correlates of blood eosinophilia in pediatric asthma: A retrospective cohort study. World J Clin Pediatr 2026; 15(4): 122880 [DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.122880]

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