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Evidence Review
Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026.
World J Clin Pediatr. Sep 9, 2026; 15(3): 119840
Published online Sep 9, 2026. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.119840
Figure 1
Figure 1 Risk factors of chronic postsurgical pain. CPSP: Chronic postsurgical pain.
Figure 2
Figure 2  Mechanism and pathophysiology of chronic postsurgical pain.
Figure 3
Figure 3 Proposed perioperative management approach for the prevention and mitigation of chronic postsurgical pain in children. NMDA: N-methyl-D-aspartate; NSAID: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; POD1: Postoperative day 1; SNRI: Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; TCA: Tricyclic antidepressant.


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