Role of photon-counting computed tomography in pediatric cardiovascular imaging

Figure 1 A comparison of traditional energy integrating vs photon-counting detector systems. Copyright ©Siemens Healthineers AG 2024. See: https://www.siemens-healthineers.com/press/copyright#:~:text=Press%20materials%3A%20Copyright&text=Materials%20used%20for%20editorial%20purposes,electronically%20manipulated%20form%2C%20is%20prohibited.

Figure 2 An example of multienergy chest computed tomography with intravenous contrast acquired using the ultra-high-resolution mode with a photon-counting detector computed tomography in a 12-year-old female with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. a: A previous energy-integrating detector computed tomography (CT) 0.75 mm image displays only one of three small; b: Peripheral arteriovenous malformations (arrowheads) show the photon-counting detector CT 0.8 mm image at the same level; c: In addition to high-resolution images, simultaneous multienergy acquisition on photon-counting detector CT displays the heterogeneous perfusion of the lung parenchyma and permits calculation of lung blood perfusion volume. Copyright ©Siemens Healthineers AG 2024. See: https://www.siemens-healthineers.com/press/copyright#:~:text=Press%20materials%3A%20Copyright&text=Materials%20used%20for%20editorial%20purposes,electronically%20manipulated%20form%2C%20is%20prohibited.

Figure 3 A 16-year-old male with a suspected coronary anomaly. a: Cardiac multienergy photon-counting detectors (PCDs) scan reconstructions at 40 keV; b: Cardiac multienergy PCDs scan reconstructions at 50 keV; c: Cardiac multienergy PCDs scan reconstructions at 100 keV; d: Cardiac multienergy PCDs scan reconstructions at color-coded iodine overlay; e: Cardiac multienergy PCDs scan reconstructions at iodine overlay; f: Cardiac multienergy PCDs scan reconstructions at virtual non-contrast; g: No coronary anomaly was detected but a short segment myocardial bridge (arrow) of the distal left anterior descending artery at the level of the apex was detected as shown in image. Copyright ©Siemens Healthineers AG 2024. See: https://www.siemens-healthineers.com/press/copyright#:~:text=Press%20materials%3A%20Copyright&text=Materials%20used%20for%20editorial%20purposes,electronically%20manipulated%20form%2C%20is%20prohibited.

Figure 4 A 17-month-old girl with possible pulmonary sequestration in the case of known congenital pulmonary airway malformation. A: Comparison of contrast between the standard reconstruction at 90 kV; B: The monoenergetic reconstruction at 60 kV. The monoenergetic images show an increase in the HU value of the contrast agent, which contributes to better detectability of vascular structures. Copyright ©Siemens Healthineers AG 2024. See: https://www.siemens-healthineers.com/press/copyright#:~:text=Press%20materials%3A%20Copyright&text=Materials%20used%20for%20editorial%20purposes,electronically%20manipulated%20form%2C%20is%20prohibited.