Ocular renin-angiotensin system with special reference in the anterior part of the eye

Table 1 Renin-angiotensin system components in tears, lacrimal gland, bulbar conjunctiva, cornea, trabecular meshwork, aqueous humor and iris

RAS	Tears	Bulbar	Cornea	Trabecular	Aqueous humor	Iris
component	lacrimal gland	conjunctiva		meshwork
Prorenin		White et al[98]	White et al[98]		Danser et al[99]	White et al[98]
Renin		White et al[98]	White et al[98]			White et al[98]
AGT		White et al[98]	White et al[98]		Chowdhury et al[100]	White et al[98]
ACE1	Vita et al[101]	Savaskan et al[13]	Savaskan et al[13]	Savaskan et al[13]	Vita et al[101]	Ferrari-Dileo et al[106]
	Sharma et al[102]				Weinreb et al[104]
	Immonen et al[103]	White et al[98]	White et al[98]		Aydin et al[105]	White et al[98]
					Holappa et al[97]
ACE2					Holappa et al[97]
Ang I					Danser et al[14]	Danser et al[14]
						Osusky et al[107]
Ang II		Savaskan et al[13]	Savaskan et al[13]	Osusky et al[107]	Danser et al[14]	Danser et al[14]
				Savaskan et al[13]	Osusky et al[107]	Senanayake et al[108]
Ang(1–7)				Vaajanen et al[95]	Holappa et al[97]

Table modified and updated from the table published by Giese et Speth, 2014. ACE1, -2: Angiotensin converting enzyme 1, -2; AGT: Angiotensinogen; AngI, -II: Angiotensin I, -II; Ang(1–7): Angiotensin (1–7); RAS: Renin-angiotensin system.

Table 2 Renin-angiotensin system components in ciliary body, non-pigmented ciliary epithelium, lens, vitreous, optic nerve head and sclera

RAS component	Ciliary body/non-pigmented ciliary epithelium		Lens	Vitreous	Optic nerve head	Sclera
Prorenin	Sramek et al[109]	White et al[98]		Danser et al[99]		White et al[98]
	Danser et al[99]			Wallow et al[110]
	Wallow et al[110]
	Berka et al[111]
Renin	Berka et al[111]	White et al[98]				White et al[98]
AGT	Sramek et al[112]			Sramek et al[112]
ACE1	Igic et al[113]	Savaskan et al[13]		Ferrari-Dileo et al[106]	Ferrari-Dileo et al[106]	White et al[98]
	Ferrari-Dileo et al[106]	White et al[98]		Nakanishi et al[114]
	Sramek et al[112]			Ishizaki et al[115]
				Aydin et al[105]
ACE2
Ang I	Danser et al[14]
Ang II	Danser et al[14]	Senanayake et al[108]		Senanayake et al[108]	Savaskan et al[13]
	Savaskan et al[13]
Ang(1–7)	Vaajanen et al[95]	Vaajanen et al[95]

Table modified and updated from the table published by Giese et Speth, 2014. ACE1, -2: Angiotensin converting enzyme 1, -2; AGT: Angiotensinogen; AngI, -II: Angiotensin I, -II; Ang(1–7): Angiotensin (1–7); RAS: Renin-angiotensin system.

Table 3 Renin-angiotensin system receptors in tears, lacrimal gland, bulbar conjunctiva, cornea, trabecular meshwork, aqueous humor and iris

RAS component	Tears lacrimal gland	Bulbar conjunctiva	Cornea	Trabecular meshwork	Aqueous humor	Iris
(P)RR		White et al[98]	White et al[98]			White et al[98]
AT, unknown subtype						Lin et al[116]
AT1R						Senanayake et al[108]
AT2R						Senanayake et al[108]
AT4R
MasR			Vaajanen et al[95]	Vaajanen et al[95]

Table modified and updated from the table published by Giese et Speth, 2014. AT1, 2, 4: Angiotensin II type 1, 2, 4 receptor; MasR: Mas receptor; (P)RR: (pro)renin receptor; RAS: Renin-angiotensin system.

Table 4 Renin-angiotensin system receptors in ciliary body, non-pigmented ciliary epithelium, lens, vitreous, optic nerve head and sclera

RAS component	Ciliary body/non-pigmented ciliary epithelium		Lens	Vitreous	Optic nerve head	Sclera
(P)RR	White et al[98]					White et al[98]
AT, unknown subtype	Lograno et al[117]
	Lin et al[116]
AT1R	Cullinane et al[118]	Senanayake et al[108]			Senanayake et al[108]
AT2R		Senanayake et al[108]			Senanayake et al[108]
AT4R
MasR		Vaajanen et al[95]

Table modified and updated from the table published by Giese et Speth, 2014. AT1, 2, 4: Angiotensin II type 1, 2, 4 receptor; MasR: Mas receptor; (P)RR: (pro)renin receptor; RAS: Renin-angiotensin system.