Pelvic arterial embolization in obstetric hemorrhage

Table 1 Demographic characteristics

Cases	Indication	Age (yr)	Parity	Period of gestation	Previous sections
Case 1	Cervical ectopic	30	G6P3A2L2, 11 wk	12 wk	2
Case 2	Placenta percreta	28	G3P2L1	36 wk	1
Case 3	Placenta percreta	38	P3L3	28 wk	3
Case 4	Placenta accreta	30	G3P1L1A1	27 wk	1
Case 5	Placenta accreta	30	G3P1L1A1	36 wk + 5 d	1
Case 6	PPH (Atonic + traumatic)	30	G2P1L1	36 wk	-
Case 7	PPH (Atonic + traumatic)	30	PRIMI	36 wk	-
Case 8	PPH (Atonic + traumatic)	28	G3P2L1	40 wk	-

PPH: Post partum hemorrhage.

Table 2 Clinical characteristics

Cases	Shock	Comorbidity	Blood loss (mL)	Coagulopathy	Mode of Delivery
Case 1	-	-	1300	-	NA
Case 2	-	Anaemia	300	-	Classical cs
Case 3	+	Anaemia	1000	+	Classical cs
Case 4	+	Anaemia	1500	+	Classical cs
Case 5	-	Anaemia	500	-	Classical cs
Case 6	+	Anaemia, precipitate labor	1000	+	NVD
Case 7	+	Jaundice, anaemia	1500	+	NVD
Case 8	+	-	2500	+	Forceps

NVD: Normal vaginal delivery; NA: Not applicable.

Table 3 Procedural characteristics

Cases	Type of embolization	Type	Additional treatment	Time from presentation to start of embolization	Embolic agent
Case 1	Uterine	Prophylactic	Methotrexate	4 h	Coil + PVA particle
Case 2	Uterine	Prophylactic	Methotrexate + uterotonic	3 h	Coil
Case 3	Uterine	Emergency	Methotrexate + uterotonic	1 h	Coil+PVA
Case 4	Internal iliac artery	Emergency	Methotrexate + uterotonic	1 h	Coil
Case 5	Uterine artery	Prophylactic	Methotrexate + uterotonic	30 min	Coil + PVA
Case 6	Internal iliac artery	Emergency	Uterotonic + cervical tear repair	2 h	Coil
Case 7	Internal iliac artery	Emergency	Uterotonic + cervical tear repair	22 h	Coil
Case 8	Internal iliac artery	Emergency	Uterotonic + cervical tear repair	26 h	Coil

PVA: Polyvinyl alcohol.

Table 4 Outcomes

Cases	Hemorrhage controlled	Rebleeding after embolization	hysterectomy	Transfusion of blood and its products	Post embolization fever	Sepsis	Groin pain	Resumption of menstrual cycles	Mortality
Case 1	+	+	+	+	-	-	_	-	-
Case 2	+	-	-	+	+ (Non embolization)	+ (UTI)	+	+	-
Case 3	+	Mild, Hemostatics uterotonics	-	+	+	-	_	+	-
Case 4	+	+ Mild, Hemostaticsuterotonics	-	+	-	-	_	-	-
Case 5	+	Mild, Hemostaticsuterotonic	-	+	-	-	_	+	-
Case 6	+	-	-	+	+Non embolization cause	+ UTI, Puerperal Sepsis post exploration	+	+	-
Case 7	+	-	-	+	+	-	_	+	-
Case 8	Expired after embolization		Not applicable						+

UTI: Urinary tract infection.