Epidemiology, management patterns, and complication profile of pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures in Makkah: A retrospective analysis

Table 1 Baseline demographic characteristics of pediatric patients with supracondylar humerus fractures (n = 399), n (%)

Characteristic	Frequency (%)
Age (years)
mean ± SD	5.8 ± 2.9
Median (interquartile range)	5.0 (3-8)
Range	1-14
Gender
Male	216 (54.1)
Female	183 (45.9)
Nationality
Saudi	288 (72.2)
Myanmar	24 (6.0)
Yemen	20 (5.0)
Pakistan	15 (3.8)
Egypt	13 (3.3)
Other	39 (9.7)

Table 2 Fracture characteristics and fixation methods, n (%)

Characteristic	n = 399
Laterality
Left	253 (63.4)
Right	146 (36.6)
Gartland classification
Type I	1 (0.3)
Type II	167 (41.9)
Type III	219 (54.9)
Type IV	12 (3.0)
Fixation technique
2 lateral pins	147 (36.8)
2 laterals + 1 medial	128 (32.1)
1 lateral + 1 medial	91 (22.8)
3 lateral pins	19 (4.8)
Other configurations	14 (3.5)

Table 3 Postoperative timeline and follow-up characteristics

Variable	n = 399
Time to cast removal
3 weeks	168 (42.1)
4 weeks	168 (42.1)
> 4 weeks	63 (15.8)
Rehabilitation initiation
Median (range)	4 (2-20)
Follow-up duration
≤ 6 weeks	120 (30.1)
7-12 weeks	182 (45.6)
> 12 weeks	97 (24.3)

Table 4 Multivariate logistic regression models for the predictors of complications and extended hospital stay - model 1

Variable	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval		P value
		Lower	Upper
Age	1.077	0.92	1.26	0.36
Male gender	1.693	0.66	4.32	0.271
Severe fracture	0.805	0.32	2.05	0.65
Medial pin used	2.018	0.72	5.64	0.181

Model 1: Predictors of any complication.

Table 5 Multivariate logistic regression models for the predictors of complications and extended hospital stay - model 2

Variable	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval		P value
		Lower	Upper
Age	1.047	0.85	1.28	0.658
Male gender	1.762	0.52	5.96	0.362
Severe fracture	0.741	0.22	2.45	0.623
Medial pin used	4.367	0.89	21.38	0.069

Model 2: Predictors of nerve injury.

Table 6 Multivariate logistic regression models for the predictors of complications and extended hospital stay - model 3

Variable	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval		P value
		Lower	Upper
Age	1.011	0.93	1.10	0.784
Male gender	1.071	0.70	1.65	0.754
Severe fracture	1.512	0.98	2.33	0.061
Any complication	0.745	0.28	1.97	0.553

Model 3: Predictors of extended hospital stay (> 2 days).