Limb lengthening with PRECICE magnetic nail in pediatric patients: A systematic review

Table 1 Demographic data

Ref.	Number of patients	Gender	Tibia nailing	Age (yr)	Discrepancy (cm)	Follow-up (yr)	mCMS
Hammouda et al[32]	28 patients; 31 femurs	17 males; 11 females	-	12.9	-	1.9	49
Szymczuk et al[30]	30	14 males; 16 females	-	15.4	4.9	1.9	51
Iliadis et al[29]	42 patients; 43 femurs	20 males; 22 females	7	15	4.9	-	54
Nasto et al[27]	26	15 males; 11 females	5	14.7	4.9	1.4	57
Tomaszewski et al[28]	5	3 males; 2 females	-	16.3	6.3	-	27

In brackets measurement unit; Data are reported as absolute value. mCMS: Modified Coleman Methodology Score.

Table 2 Etiology

Ref.	Congenital femoral deficiency	Achondroplasia	Post-traumatic	Hemihypertrophy	Ollier disease	Miscellaneous
Hammouda et al[32]	10	6	5	3	2	5
Szymczuk et al[30]	30	-	-	-	-	-
Iliadis et al[29]	5	2	7	5	1	23
Nasto et al[27]	4	-	4	-	3	15
Tomaszewski et al[28]	-	-	2	-	-	3

In brackets measurement unit; Data are reported as absolute values.

Table 3 Result

Ref.	Mean lengthening (cm)	Accuracy	Reliability	Distraction rate (mm/d)	Day to full weight bearing	Consolidation index (d/cm)	ASAMI functional score	ASAMI bone score
Hammouda et al[32]	5.6 (3-6.7)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Szymczuk et al[30]	4.75 ± 1.43	95%	-	0.7 ± 0.18	-	34.7 ± 11.2	-	-
Iliadis et al[29]	-	96%	98%	0.92 (0.67-1)	45 (21-132)	28 (18-43)	35 excellent; 11 good; 3 fairs; 1 poor	41 excellent; 8 good; 1 fair
Nasto et al[27]	4.4 ± 1.2	91%	88%	0.9 ± 0.1	-	11.9 ± 2.1	22 excellent; 3 good; 1 fair	24 excellent; 1 fair; 1 poor
Tomaszewski et al[28]	4.9 (4-5.8)	-	-	0.8 (0.8-1)	-	29.3 (21-33)	-	-

In brackets measurement unit; Data are reported as absolute values.

Table 4 Complication

Ref.	Number of patients	Problem	Obstacle	Complication
Hammouda et al[32]	28 patients; 31 femurs	-	-	2
Szymczuk et al[30]	30	8	19	4
Iliadis et al[29]	42 patients; 43 femurs	7	4	4
Nasto et al[27]	26	5	1	3
Tomaszewski et al[28]	5	1	-	-

In brackets measurement unit; Data are reported as absolute values. Problems are post-operative difficulties that resolved completely with non-operative intervention; obstacles were difficulties that needed an operative intervention, resolved completely after surgery; complications consisted of all intra- and post-operative complications that remained unresolved even after treatment was completed.