Hallux rigidus treated with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells: A case report

Table 1 Coughlin and Shurnas clinical and radiographic classification of hallux rigidus

Grade	Dorsiflexion	Radiographs	Clinical
0	40°-60°	Normal	No pain, stiffness with loss of motion
1	30°-40°	Dorsal osteophytes; Minimal narrowing; Minimal flattening	Mild pain and stiffness pain with maximum dorsiflexion/plantar flexion
2	10°-30°	Global osteophytes, mild/moderate narrowing	Moderate to severe pain and stiffness relatively constant, pain near extreme ROM
3	< 10°	Cystic changes	Nearly constant pain and stiffness, no midrange pain
4	< 10°	Same as grade 3	Grade 3 + midrange pain

Table 2 American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society and Visual Analog Scale scores

	Pre-operatively	6-mo follow-up	9-mo follow-up
AOFAS score
Pain	30	30	30
Function	35	40	40
Alignment	8	8	8
Total score	73	78	78
VAS	7	5	0

AOFAS: American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society; VAS: Visual analog scale.