Association of vitamin D and knee osteoarthritis in younger individuals

Table 1 Comparison of various parameters between control (n1 = 146) and osteoarthritis (n2 = 146) patients with details of their vitamin D status as per radiographic disease severity and residency

Sl. No	Parameter	Control	Cases	P value
1	Age	49.42 (5.57)	51.00(6.67)	0.07
2	Sex
	Male	68	60	0.41
	Female	78	86
3	Vitamin D	45.83 (21.30)	34.58 (21.76)	< 0.001
Sl. No	Parameter	Number	Vitamin D level	P value
1	Disease severity based on X-ray
	I	35	43.40 (25.30)	0.47
	II	44	30.59 (16.23)
	III	38	31.56 (17.78)
	IV	29	33.93 (26.79)
2	Residence
	Village	102	35.40 (19.87)	0.42
	Semi-urban	13	31.61 (28.72)
	Urban	31	34.24 (26.21)

Table 2 Odds ratio for vitamin D deficiency in knee osteoarthritis patients

Vitamin D status	Cases (OA patients)	Control	Odds ratio (95%CI)	P value (Chi-square test)
Below normal (deficient and insufficient)	68	35	2.77 (1.67-4.54)	< 0.001
Adequate (sufficient)	78	111

OA: Osteoarthritis.

Table 3 The vitamin D status and the disease severity among the knee osteoarthritis patients

Vitamin D status	Disease severity on X-ray				P value
	I	II	III	IV
Sufficient	27	22	17	12	0.07
Insufficient	4	9	11	9
Deficient	4	13	10	8
Parameter		KOOS Score			P value
Severity based on X-ray findings
Early (KL grade I, II)		80.05 (9.30)			< 0.001
Advanced (KL grade III, IV)		50.70 (14.71)
Severity based on vitamin D level
Sufficient		65.31 (18.58)			0.051
Insufficient		60.36 (19.61)
Deficient		65.31 (18.58)

KOOS: Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score; KL: Kellegren-Lawrence stage.