Liatsos C, Papaefthymiou A, Kyriakos N, Galanopoulos M, Doulberis M, Giakoumis M, Petridou E, Mavrogiannis C, Rokkas T, Kountouras J. Helicobacter pylori, gastric microbiota and gastric cancer relationship: Unrolling the tangle. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14(5): 959-972 [PMID: 35646287 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i5.959]
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05430884
Submitted on:
May 13, 2022, 04:27
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Reader Comments:
Comments from Huanjie Li (lihuanjie@sdu.edu.cn)
Helicobacter pylori, the major risk factor of gastric cancer, is categorized as a class I carcinogen. Recently，an increasing evidence suggests that the GIT (gastrointestinal tract) microbiota, especially the gastric microbiota affects health and disease. However, the molecular mechanism of the relationship between H. pylori infection, gastric microbiota and gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. Based on recent studies, Liatsos, et al. attempted to summarize the impact of different factors including Hp-I on gastric microbiota composition to unroll the tangle regarding the interaction between Hp-I, GM and GC.
The review showed that the perpetuation of Hp-I reduces microbiota diversity and is connected with atrophy, IM and GC. H. pylori entirely dominated the microbiota not only in infected patients but also in the majority of individuals categorized as H. pylori-infected using conventional approaches, thus implying an active role in all cases of GC development. It is more than clear that Hp-I, GM and GC constitute a challenging tangle due to the strong interaction between them making it difficult to unroll it. Beyond H. pylori’s role in gastric oncogenesis, other bacteria, H. pylori-stimulated or not, in GM also seem to be responsible for transformation of gastric epithelial cells.
The review suggested that the maze of GC complex pathogenesis where abundant data showed that beyond H. pylori related gastritis, additional pathogens might contribute to this type of cancer development. Nevertheless, large-scale experiments are needed to discern the exact role of different kinds of pathogens which reside in the stomach and their contribution to neoplasia emergence, aiding in the prediction of adverse prognosis of a specific microbiota diversity. The mechanisms of H. pylori infection, GM and GC relationship are critical for the early diagnosis and treatment of GC.
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