Does sevoflurane sedation in pediatric patients lead to “pseudo” leptomeningeal enhancement in the brain on 3 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging?

Figure 1 Mild pseudo leptomeningeal contrast enhancement in a 7-mo-old male with infantile spasms (Grade 1). A: Axial spin echo T1-weighted images; B: Axial post-contrast spin echo T1-weighted images showed pseudo leptomeningeal contrast enhancement as small vascular structures (arrows) within the depths of the sulci.

Figure 2 Moderate pseudo leptomeningeal contrast enhancement a 7-yr-old female with developmental delays (Grade 2). A: Axial spin echo T1-weighted imaging; B: Axial post-contrast T1-weighted imaging showed pseudo leptomeningeal contrast enhancement as smooth and slightly thickened enhancements (arrows) throughout the depths of the sulci.

Figure 3 Severe pseudo leptomeningeal contrast enhancement in a 4-mo-old female with metabolic disorder (Grade 3). A: Axial spin echo T1-weighted imaging; B: Axial post-contrast spin echo T1-weighted imaging demonstrated thicker pseudo leptomeningeal contrast enhancement (arrows), appearing nearly nodular or parenchymal in some locations.