Markers of inflammation and cardiovascular disease in recently diagnosed celiac disease patients

Table 1 Clinical and biochemical characteristics from patients with celiac disease and control subjects

	Patients with celiac disease (n = 20)	Control subjects (n = 20)	P
Age (yr)	50 (25-58)	47 (28-60)	ns
Men/woman	5/15	5/15	ns
BMI (kg/m2)	22.8 (20.4-26.2)	23.0 (21.0-24.7)	ns
Glucose (mg/dL)	87 ± 11	86 ± 12	ns
Insulin (mU/L)	7.2 (5.0-11.3)	4.6 (2.6-6.7)	< 0.05
HOMA-IR	1.45 (1.04-2.24)	1.00 (0.51-1.45)	< 0.05
QUICKI	0.33 (0.28-0.40)	0.42 (0.34-0.65)	< 0.05
Urea (mg/dL)	27 (21-34)	35 (34-39)	< 0.01
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.74 (0.63-0.88)	0.80 (0.75-1.10)	< 0.05
Uric acid (mg/dL)	5.0 ± 1.2	4.3 ± 1.6	ns
Bilirubin (mg/dL)	0.7 (0.5-0.8)	0.6 (0.6-0.8)	ns
ASAT (U/L)	26 (20-35)	14 (12-20)	< 0.01
ALAT (U/L)	22 (17-39)	18 (16-22)	ns
ALP (U/L)	80 (59-102)	124 (67-219)	ns

BMI: Body mass index; HOMA-IR: Homeostasis Model Assessment insulin resistance; QUICKI: Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index; ASAT: Aspartate-amine transferase; ALAT: Alanine-amine transferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; ns: Non significant. Data are shown as mean ± SD or median (interquartile range) according to data distribution.

Table 2 Hematological parameters from patients with celiac disease and control subjects

	Patients with celiac disease (n = 20)	Control subjects (n = 20)	P
Erythrocytes (106/mL)	4.40 ± 0.48	4.58 ± 0.27	ns
Hematocrite (%)	38.5 ± 4.0	40.1 ± 2.6	ns
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	13.0 ± 1.4	13.3 ± 0.9	ns
Serum iron (µg/dL)	73 ± 35	105 ± 61	ns
Ferritin (ng/mL)	33 (13-110)	92 (43-117)	ns
Transferrin (mg/dL)	261 ± 62	293 ± 59	ns
Transferrin Sat. (%)	25 ± 14	29 ± 14	ns
Vitamin B12 (pg/mL)	337 (251-482)	315 (265-393)	ns
Folic acid (ng/mL)	5.4 (4.4-7.9)	12.2 (8.0-14.2)	< 0.01

ns: Non significant; Sat.: Saturation. Data are shown as mean ± SD or median (interquartile range) according to data distribution.

Table 3 Lipid, lipoprotein and apolipoprotein profile from patients with celiac disease and control subjects

	Patients with celiac disease (n = 20)	Control subjects (n = 20)	P
TG (mg/dL)	81 (65-119)	78 (60-114)	ns
TC (mg/dL)	185 ± 37	194 ± 39	ns
VLDL-C (mg/dL)	18 ± 8	17 ± 7	ns
LDL-C (mg/dL)	139 (89-149)	107 (95-147)	ns
HDL-C (mg/dL)	45 ±15	57 ±17	< 0.05
Non-HDL-C (mg/dL)	153 (105-167)	137 (112-167)	ns
Apo A-I (mg/dL)	130 ± 31	155 ± 29	< 0.05
Apo B (mg/dL)	93.6 ± 23.8	83.5 ± 20.7	ns
TG/HDL-C	2.09 (1.13-2.98)	1.29 (1.06-1.93)	ns
TC/HDL-C	4.19 (3.11-5.00)	3.52 (2.84-4.08)	< 0.05
ApoB/apo A-I	0.75 ± 0.25	0.55 ± 0.16	< 0.01

TG: Triglycerides; TC: Total cholesterol; VLDL: Very low density lipoprotein; LDL: Low density lipoprotein; HDL: High density lipoprotein; apo: Apolipoprotein; ns: Non significant. Data are shown as mean ± SD or median (interquartile range) according to data distribution.