Overview of coronary artery variants, aberrations and anomalies

Table 1 Classification of coronary artery variants, aberrations and anomalies

Variations/anomalies of origin and course

1 Separate ostia of LAD and LCX (absent left main stem)

2 Separate ostium of conus branch

3 Anomalous location of coronary ostium

Within sinuses of Valsalva

High, low or commissural

From posterior ("non-coronary") sinus

Outside sinuses of Valsalva

Ascending aorta, aortic arch, innominate artery

Descending aorta

Bronchial arteries

Pulmonary arteries

Anomalous origin from contralateral sinus

4 Single coronary artery

Variations/anomalies of intrinsic coronary anatomy

1 Trifurcation of left main (presence of ramus branch)

2 Wrap-around LAD (supplying apical inferior wall)

3 Descending septal branch from RCA (supplying basal septum)

4 Split RCA

5 Split LAD

6 Hypoplasia of coronary artery

7 Atresia of coronary artery

8 Ectasia of coronary arteries

9 Myocardial bridging

Anomalies of coronary termination

1 Fistulas

2 Small number of arteriolar/capillary ramifications

LAD: Left anterior descending artery; LCX: Left circumflex artery; RCA: Right coronary artery.