Transvenous defibrillator implantation in a patient with persistent left superior vena cava

Figure 1 X-ray in Antero-posterior view shows. A: Guide wire course from left subclavian vein to right atrium across the left heart border, suggesting left superior vena cava draining into right atrium; B: Simultaneous venogram shows individual drainage of both right and left superior vena cava (SVC) to right atrium, without any bridging communicating vein between the two. Left SVC shows lead in-situ.

Figure 2 X-ray in Antero-posterior (A) and lateral (B) view shows dual coil right ventricle lead implanted at right ventricle apex. Venogram in figure (A) confirms persistence of left superior vena cava.