Effects of left ventricular assist device on pulmonary functions and pulmonary hemodynamics: A meta-analysis

Figure 1 PRISMA flow diagram of the included studies.

Figure 2 Detailed methodological quality and bias assessment of included studies.

Figure 3 Forest plot depicting the pooled mean difference of forced expiratory volume in one second (A), forced vital capacity (B) and diffusion lung capacity of carbon monoxide (C) between pre- and post-left ventricular assist device patients. FEV1: Forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC: Forced vital capacity; DLCO: Diffusion lung capacity of carbon monoxide; LVAD: Left ventricular assist device.

Figure 4 Forest plot showing pooled comparison of mean difference in cardiac index (A), pulmonary capillary wedge pressures (B), pulmonary vascular resistance (C), and right atrial pressure (D) between pre- and post-left ventricular assist device groups. PCWP: Pulmonary capillary wedge pressures; PVR: Pulmonary vascular resistance; RAP: Right atrial pressure; LVAD: Left ventricular assist device.

Figure 5 Trend of decrease in forced expiratory volume in one second (A), forced vital capacity (B), and diffusion lung capacity of carbon monoxide (C) in the included studies. FEV1: Forced expiratory volume in one second; FVC: Forced vital capacity; DLCO: Diffusion lung capacity of carbon monoxide; LVAD: Left ventricular assist device.