Hand-assisted laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis

Table 1 Comparison of patients’ characteristics n (%)

	HALS-RP (n = 23)	OPEN-RP (n = 24)	P value
Age, mean	42.7 ± 12.7	50.9 ± 18.1	NS
Sex (male/female)	15/8	18/6	NS
BMI, kg/m2	20.8 ± 3.1	22.6 ± 3.3	0.043
ASA score			NS
1	1 (4.3)	1 (4.2)
2	22 (95.7)	23 (95.8)
3	0 (0)	0 (0)
Disease duration (month, median)	132 (66-216)	136 (36-256)	NS
Extent of colitis			NS
Pancolitis	17 (73.9)	16 (76.1)
Left side colitis	6 (26.1)	4 (19.0)
Rectal colitis	0 (0)	1 (4.8)
Indication for surgery			NS
Cancer/dysplasia	6 (26.9)	10 (41.6)
Stricture	4 (17.4)	2 (8.33)
Refractory to medication	13 (56.5)	10 (41.6)
Others	0 (0)	2 (4.26)
Preoperative medication
Corticosteroid (mg, median)	4400 (1000-8700)	950 (0-4462)	NS
		12 (50%)
L-CAP/G-CAP	10 (434)	12 (50)	NS
CyA, Tarolimus	3 (8.7)	0 (0)	NS
Biologics	2 (8.7)	3 (12.5)	NS
Preoperative comorbidity			NS
HT	3 (13)	4 (16.7)
DM	1 (4.3)	3 (12.5)
Preoperative laboratory data (average ± SD)
Leukocyte	7486 ± 478	5661 ± 410	0.002
Hemoglobin	11.8 ± 0.74	13.05 ± 0.28	NS
Serum albumin	3.96 ± 0.11	4.16 ± 0.221	NS
CRP	1.42 ± 0.749	0.29 ± 0.104	NS

HALS-RP: Hand-assisted laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy; OPEN-RP: Restorative proctocolectomy with open surgery; CyA: Cyclosporine A; L-CAP: Leukocyte apheresis; G-CAP: Granulocyte apheresis; CRP: C-reactive protein; NS: No significance.

Table 2 Comparison of surgical outcome and complications

	HALS-RP (n = 23)	OPEN-RP (n = 24)	P value
Surgical outcome
Operation time (min, median)	369 (320-420)	355 (318-421)	NS
Blood loss (mL, median)	300 (230-402)	512 (401-1162)	0.003
Bowel movement (d, mean)	1.5 ± 0.13	1.8 ± 1.4	NS
Toleration of liquids	1.3 ± 0.13	1.29 ± 1.75	NS
Toleration of solid diet	5.26 ± 0.75	3.62 ± 0.29	NS
Length of stay (d)	20 (16-26)	18 (14-29)	NS
Complications, n (%)
IPAA anastomotic leak	3 (13.04)	2 (8.33)	NS
Surgical site infection
Superficial wound infection	3 (13.04)	1 (4.17)	NS
Deep wound infection	0 (0)	2 (8.3)	NS
Organ space infection	5 (21.7)	4 (16.67)	NS
Small bowel obstruction	6 (26.0)	4 (16.6)	NS
Venous thromboembolism	2 (8.7)	3 (6.38)	NS
Neurogic bladder dysfunction	0 (0)	1 (4.17)	NS
Hemorrhage	0 (0)	1 (4.17)	NS

HALS-RP: Hand-assisted laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy; OPEN-RP: Restorative proctocolectomy with open surgery; IPAA: Ileal-pouch anal anastomosis; NS: No significance.