Emergency laparotomy in octogenarians: A 5-year study of morbidity and mortality

Table 1 American Society of Anesthesiologist’s pre-operative risk classification

ASA grade	Description
I	Normal healthy patient
II	Mild systemic disease – no functional limitation
III	Severe systemic disease – definite functional limitation
IV	Severe systemic disease which is a constant threat to life
V	Moribund patient who is unlikely to survive > 24 h with or without surgery

Reproduced from[8]. ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologist.

Table 2 Indications for surgery

Indication for surgery	Number of patients
Hernia	12
Secondary peritonitis	37
Colonic obstruction	40
Leaking colonic anastomosis	1
Aorto-bifemoral graft removal	1
Intra-abdominal bleeding	1
Bowel ischaemia	5
Pseudo-obstruction	1
Colo-vesical fistula	1
Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair	1