Minute liver metastases from a rectal carcinoid: A case report and review

Table 1 Blood test and urine 5-HIAA

WBC	6830/μL	AST	21 IU/L
RBC	506x104/μL	ALT	21 IU/L
Hb	15.4 g/dL	T.Bil	0.4 mg/dL
Ht	44.4%	T.P.	6.7 g/dL
Plt	20.2x104/μL	Alb	3.9 g/dL
		CRP	< 0.2 mg/dL
Na	140 mEq/L
K	4.2 mEq/L	CA19-9	< 5.0 U/mL
Cl	107 mEq/L	CEA	1.0 ng/mL
BUN	14 mg/dL
Cr	0.8 mg/dL	Urine 5-HIAA	1.3 mg/L

5-HIAA: 5-Hydroxy indole acetic acid.

Table 2 Hepatic resection for gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors

Author	n	5-year survival rate (%)	Ref.
Chamberlain et al (2000)	14	78	[14]
Nave et al (2001)	21	48	[15]
Norton et al (2003)	13	77	[16]
Sarmiento et al (2003)	120	62	[17]

Table 3 Liver transplantation for gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors

Author	n	5-year survival rate (%)	Ref.
Le Treut et al (1997)	15	69	[18]
Lehnert (1998)	36	50	[19]
Coppa et al (2001)	9	70	[20]

Table 4 Hepatic artery chemoembolization and hepatic artery embolization for metastatic carcinoid tumors

Author	%	Chemotherapy	Ref.
HACE
Hajarizadeh et al (1992)	50.0 (4/8)	5-FU	[23]
Ruszniewski et al (1993)	33.3 (6/18)	DOX	[24]
Therasse et al (1993)	35.2 (6/17)	DOX	[25]
Kim et al (1999)	25.0 (4/16)	CDDP, DOX	[26]
Roche et al (2003)	42.8 (6/14)	DOX	[27]
	Total 35.6
	(26/73)
HAE
Carrasco et al (1983)	83.3 (5/6)		[28]
Hanssen et al (1989)	71.4 (5/7)		[29]
Moertel et al (1994)	69.6 (16/23)		[30]
Wangberg et al (1996)	42.5 (17/40)		[31]
Eriksson et al (1998)	37.9 (11/29)		[32]
Loewe et al (2003)	72.7 (16/22)		[33]
	Total 55.1
	(70/127)

HACE: Hepatic arterial chemoembolization; HAE: Hepatic arterial embolization, CR: Complete response; PR: Partial response; CDDP: cisplatin; DOX: Doxorubicin; HAIC: Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy.

Table 5 Reports of HAIC for hepatic metastasis of carcinoid tumor in Japan (1993~2006)

Age (yr)/ Gender	Agents							Combined therapy	Effects	Ref.
	5FU	MMC	ADM	CDDP	MTX	VP16	FAR
69/M	o	o					o	-	PR	[35]
70/F	o			o				-	IR	[36]
42/M	o		o					-	PR	[37]
65/F	o				o			-	PR	[38]
56/M		o						5-FU	CR	[39]
52/M	o			o				DSM	PR	[40]
42/F	o							MTX + 5-FU	CR	[41]
3 cases	o	o						DSM	PR	[42]
68/M						o		-	PR	[43]
57/M	o	o		o				DSM	PR	[44]
49/F	o							-	CR	[45]

5-FU: 5-Fluorouracil; MMC: Mitomycin; ADM: Adriamycin; CDDP: Cisplatin; MTX: Methotrexate; VP16: Etoposide; FAR: Farmorubicin; DSM: Degradable starch microspheres; CR: Complete response; PR: Partial response; IR: Incomplete response.