Application of mirabilite in gastrointestinal surgery: A randomized controlled trial

Table 1 Comparison of baseline data between the mirabilite and control groups, n (%)/mean ± SD

Variable	Mirabilite group	Control group	P value
Gender			0.688
Male	92 (30.56)	97 (32.23)
Female	58 (19.27)	54 (17.94)
Age, years	60.82 ± 10.49	61.52 ± 10.19	0.620
BMI, kg/m2	22.87 ± 2.92	22.80 ± 2.95	0.706
ASA			0.577
II	13 (4.32)	17 (5.64)
III	137 (45.51)	134 (44.52)
Comorbidities
Diabetes mellitus	16 (10.67)	18 (11.92)	0.731
Chronic lung disease	11 (7.33)	10 (6.62)	0.783
Hypertension	22 (14.67)	25 (16.56)	0.654
Coronary heart disease	7 (4.67)	6 (3.97)	0.741
Preoperative hypoalbuminemia (< 35 g/L)	14 (9.33)	18 (11.92)	0.467
Surgical site			0.426
Stomach	54 (17.94)	61 (20.26)
Rectum	45 (14.95)	45 (14.95)
Right hemicolon	26 (8.64)	17 (5.65)
Left hemicolon	9 (2.99)	6 (1.99)
Sigmoid colon	16 (5.31)	22 (7.31)

BMI: Body mass index; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists.

Table 2 Comparison of perioperative indexes between the mirabilite and control groups, median (interquartile rage)/n (%)/mean ± SD

Variable	Mirabilite group	Control group	P value
Surgical duration, min	161.0 (67-375)	165.0 (50-435)	0.694
Intraoperative blood loss, mL	100.0 (5-960)	100.0 (20-1000)	0.377
Incision length, cm	6.0 (4-12)	6.0 (4-10)	0.379
Time to first flatus, hours	38 (18-75)	57.0 (17-90)	< 0.001
Postoperative length of stay, days	8.5 (7-36)	9.0 (7-33)	0.028
Postoperative complication	7 (2.33)	12 (3.99)	0.335
Bowel obstruction	1	3
Anastomotic leakage	3	6
Pneumonia	3	3
SSI	15 (4.98)	26 (8.64)	0.042
Superficial SSI	12	22
Deep SSI	3	4
Organ/space SSI	0	0
Postoperative serum albumin level, g/L
Day 1	32.52 ± 3.88	32.12 ± 3.38	0.338
Day 4	34.77 ± 3.90	34.92 ± 3.99	0.741

SSI: Surgical site infection.

Table 3 Comparison of postoperative C-reactive protein, drainage, and Visual Analog Scale scores between the mirabilite and control groups, mean ± SD

Variable	Mirabilite group	Control group	P value
C-reactive protein, mg/L			0.038
Day 1	43.58 ± 33.49	45.83 ± 37.90
Day 4	93.14 ± 53.51	101.92 ± 53.33
Day 7	47.35 ± 40.33	70.70 ± 50.68
VAS score			0.027
Day 1	1.71 ± 0.74	2.26 ± 0.72
Day 2	1.39 ± 0.61	2.09 ± 0.83
Day 3	1.18 ± 0.43	1.74 ± 0.76
Drainage, mL			< 0.01
Day 1	95.63 ± 5.92	98.71 ± 5.73
Day 2	66.63 ± 4.72	68.25 ± 4.84
Day 3	45.27 ± 4.87	47.58 ± 4.93
Day 4	27.97 ± 5.02	27.75 ± 7.70
Day 5	14.80 ± 4.17	15.76 ± 6.83
Day 6	8.67 ± 3.74	9.14 ± 3.64
Day 7	6.17 ± 2.92	5.63 ± 1.76

VAS: Visual analog scale.