Gallstone and bile microbiota: A case-control study based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing

doi:10.4240/wjgs.v17.i9.109521

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Sep 27, 2025 (publication date) through Sep 27, 2025

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

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1948-9366

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastrointest Surg. Sep 27, 2025; 17(9): 109521
Published online Sep 27, 2025. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v17.i9.109521

Table 1 Basic information of the gallstone and gallstone-free patients, n (%)

Parameter	GS	GSF	P value
Frequency (n)	25	15	-
Gender			0.327
Male	11 (44)	9 (60)
Female	14 (56)	6 (40)
Age (years), mean ± SD	53.480 ± 15.097	50.130 ± 11.661	0.466
BMI (kg/m²), mean ± SD	23.274 ± 2.247	25.015 ± 4.364	0.168

Differences in age between the two groups were analyzed using the Student’s t-test. Differences in body mass index between the two groups were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. The results of the gender distribution in the groups were analyzed using the χ² test. BMI: Body mass index; GS: Gallstone; GSF: Gallstone-free.

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Citation: Lu ZX, Jiang YQ, Wang DS, Song YT, Jiang XM, Xu FJ, Tang J, Li B, Huang WH. Gallstone and bile microbiota: A case-control study based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. World J Gastrointest Surg 2025; 17(9): 109521
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-9366/full/v17/i9/109521.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v17.i9.109521